Transport Sector GHG Reduction for India

The report argues that BEVs are generally not the optimal short-term decarbonization strategy for most Indian vehicle segments due to high costs, a coal-dependent electric grid, and poor cost-effectiveness per ton of CO2 reduced, with the notable exceptions of commercial three-wheelers and low-speed vehicles. It suggests that improving conventional engine efficiency, adopting mild hybrid technology, and increasing ethanol blending offer more viable near-term emissions reductions.

• The Indian electric grid is heavily reliant on coal, which limits the immediate carbon reduction benefits of electrification. As of 2022, coal remained the largest source of electric power plants at 72.4%, and the grid intensity at the plug for 2017-18 was estimated at about 0.9 tCO2/MWh.
• Electric three-wheelers (3W) are a highly effective strategy for decarbonization due to high annual usage and short consumer payback periods of less than one year. They achieved approximately 60% market share in 2022.

APA

Duleep, G. (2022). Transport Sector GHG Reduction for India. Clean Air Task Force. https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/16025541/India-Transportation-Reduction-Report.pdf

Chicago

Duleep, Gopal. Transport Sector GHG Reduction for India. Clean Air Task Force, 2022. https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/16025541/India-Transportation-Reduction-Report.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Duleep |first1=Gopal |title=Transport Sector GHG Reduction for India |publisher=Clean Air Task Force |date=November 2022 |url=https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/16025541/India-Transportation-Reduction-Report.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{duleep2022transport, author = {Duleep, Gopal}, title = {{Transport Sector GHG Reduction for India}}, institution = {Clean Air Task Force}, year = {2022}, month = nov, url = {https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/16025541/India-Transportation-Reduction-Report.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }