PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS

The report evaluates the human health impacts of reducing sulphur in marine fuels, comparing a 'no action' scenario with two control options: a 0.1% sulphur limit within 200 nautical miles of coastlines and a global 0.5% sulphur limit. It estimates that these controls could reduce global premature mortality from international shipping by 50-60% by 2012, saving between 41,500 and 50,000 lives annually. Using US EPA cost methodology, the Friends of the Earth International (FOEI) values these societal benefits at approximately $225 to $275 billion per year.

• Under a 'no action' scenario for 2012, which assumes no additional controls and an average sulphur content of 2.7% in heavy fuel oil (HFO), the mean global premature mortality from international shipping is estimated at 83,700 deaths.
• Two control scenarios for 2012 demonstrate significant reductions in premature mortality: a 'coastal_0.1' scenario (0.1% sulphur within 200 nautical miles of coastlines) reduces mean mortality to 42,200, and a 'global_0.5' scenario (0.5% sulphur globally) reduces it to 33,700.
• Fuel switching to lower sulphur options is estimated to reduce premature mortalities by approximately 50% to 60% compared to the no-action case.

APA

Clean Air Task Force (2008). PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS. https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/21093100/4-15-FOEI-followup_mortality_study.pdf

Chicago

Clean Air Task Force. PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS. 2008. https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/21093100/4-15-FOEI-followup_mortality_study.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Clean Air Task Force |title=PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS |date=25 January 2008 |url=https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/21093100/4-15-FOEI-followup_mortality_study.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{cleanairtaskforce2008prevention, author = {{Clean Air Task Force}}, title = {{PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS}}, institution = {Clean Air Task Force}, year = {2008}, month = jan, url = {https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/21093100/4-15-FOEI-followup_mortality_study.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }