{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"organization":["Stockholm Environment Institute"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":2826,"relation":"eq"},"page":36,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?organization=stockholm-environment-institute&page=36","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?organization=stockholm-environment-institute&page=37","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-000381","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000381","title":"Carbon cattle pasture Pantanal Brazil","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-08-01","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/carbon-cattle-pasture-pantanal-brazil/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Research on cattle pastures in the Brazilian Pantanal reveals that seasonally flooded pastures are significant net emitters of CO2 carbon, particularly during aerobic phases, suggesting that improved livestock management and drought-resistant grasses could mitigate these emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000381#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Seasonally flooded cattle pastures in the Brazilian Pantanal act as large emitters of CO2 carbon, releasing 337 g CO2_C m−2 year−1 into the atmosphere over a hydrological year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000381#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The carbon flux of these pastures varies by soil oxygen levels: they act as a net sink (-18 g CO2_C m−2) during anaerobic flooding and a significant source (301 g CO2_C m−2) during the aerobic phase.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000381#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Implementing better livestock management and utilizing drought-resistant grasses may increase soil carbon stocks and reduce emissions, which is critical as climate change is expected to increase heating and drying in the Pantanal biome.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000381#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon sequestration","greenhouse gas emissions","climate change"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["empirical study"]},{"id":"sei-000557","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000557","title":"Effectiveness of Aid Projects in Climate Technology Familiarization in Recipient Countries","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-08-01","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/effectiveness-of-aid-projects-in-climate-technology-familiarization-in-recipient-countries/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The paper examines the role of aid projects as 'system builders' that use demonstration projects and barrier removal to foster the adoption of climate technologies in developing countries. It defines 'familiarization' as the non-prioritization of a technology in a country's Technology Needs Assessment (TNA) document. The analysis finds that while higher project costs increase the likelihood of a technology being included in a TNA, longer project durations actually decrease that likelihood. The author concludes that sustaining the scale-up of these technologies requires donors to commit aid over multiyear periods to support long-term capacity building.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000557#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Aid projects act as system builders for climate technologies by utilizing demonstration projects and activities aimed at removing barriers to adoption in developing countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000557#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a divergent relationship between project characteristics and the inclusion of technologies in Technology Needs Assessment (TNA) documents: higher project costs increase the odds of inclusion, whereas increased project duration lowers the chance of inclusion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000557#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Because capacity building is time-consuming, the success of future climate technology projects relies on the ability of donors to provide multiyear aid commitments to ensure scale-up.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000557#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change mitigation","capacity building","greenhouse gas emissions"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["theoretical analysis","empirical analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001646","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001646","title":"An extreme citizen science approach to digital mapping in Ethiopia","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2022-08","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/sei-brief-digital-mapping-ethiopia-osborne-2022.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The briefing explores the use of the Sapelli platform to enable indigenous people in Ethiopia's Lower Omo region, regardless of literacy levels, to create digital maps of their territories. By co-designing a pictorial interface, six collaborators from the Nyangatom community recorded over 1,700 map contributions between August 2021 and August 2022, including grazing areas and water sources. The resulting 'land-user generated maps' provided significantly more detail and density than machine-generated or standard user-generated maps, though the authors note that the utility of such data for defending land claims depends on the willingness of legal systems to accept citizen-generated evidence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 'extreme citizen science' model differs from standard citizen science by ensuring that the goals of data collection are co-created with the community and that collaborators are included regardless of their digital or print literacy levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Lower Omo region, state-led projects such as the Gibe III dam, which stopped annual river floods in 2015, and the establishment of commercial plantations have threatened indigenous livelihoods by annexing riverside land and grazing territories.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of the Sapelli platform allowed collaborators to customize the mapping tool, replacing hand-drawn icons with photographs, adding quality indicators (thumbs-up/down), and incorporating captions in Nyangatom and Amharic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Between August 2021 and August 2022, six collaborators in Nyangatom recorded more than 1,700 map contributions, primarily focusing on villages, grazing areas, and ponds used for animal watering or recession farming.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Land-user generated maps produced by local residents show greater detail, density of features, and overlapping boundaries compared to machine-generated maps (such as the European Space Agency WorldCover Map) or standard user-generated maps (such as OpenStreetMap).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant barriers to the scalability of this approach include the high cost of smartphones and data bundles, as well as legal environments that may not recognize citizen-generated data as evidence for defending communal resource claims.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001646#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["land use","indigenous people","land tenure"],"geography_discussed":["Nyangatom","Australia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","methodological assessment"]},{"id":"sei-002778","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002778","title":"The wetlands of the lower Songkhram River basin need collaborative conservation","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2022-08","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/songkhram-river-wetlands-conservation-sei2022.029-corrected.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The lower Songkhram River basin, the last free-flowing tributary of the Mekong, supports over 14,000 households through capture fisheries and floodplain agriculture. Despite being protected under the Ramsar Convention, the Mekong River Commission, and Thailand's Master Plan for Integrated Biodiversity Management, these wetlands face threats from hydropower dams in the upper Mekong, agricultural expansion, and industrial pollution. Current management is hindered by a lack of coordinated procedures, the marginalization of traditional knowledge, and the prioritization of development over ecological conservation. The document recommends strengthening collaborative governance, valuing wetland ecosystem services, and increasing financial flows for conservation to ensure regional food and water security.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The lower Songkhram River is the last free-flowing tributary of the Mekong River and provides essential resources for more than 14,000 households and various endemic species.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Wetland productivity and biodiversity in the region are driven by the 'flood pulse phenomenon,' where the Mekong River floods the Songkhram River, delivering nutrients and sediments that support riparian forests, marshes, and oxbows.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The wetlands are under threat from development activities, including industrialization, agricultural expansion, pollutants, and the construction of hydropower dams in the upper Mekong River, which alter hydrology and flood levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the area is recognized under the Ramsar Convention, the Mekong River Commission (MRC), and Thailand's Master Plan for Integrated Biodiversity Management, the effectiveness of these frameworks is limited by the fact that wetlands are under-represented in development planning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Local communities have established three networks to lead conservation efforts, but they face challenges such as the exclusion of traditional knowledge from government planning and a lack of resources.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant policy gaps exist, including a lack of coordinated procedures for executing conservation actions and basin-level development plans that underestimate the water flows required to support downstream aquatic ecosystems.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002778#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["biodiversity","hydropower","water management","ecosystem service","climate change adaptation","land-use change","traditional knowledge"],"geography_discussed":["Mekong River","Udon Thani","Nakhon Phanom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","environmental assessment"]},{"id":"sei-000263","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000263","title":"Sustainability-linked bonds","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-31","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/sustainability-linked-bonds/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) as a complement to green bonds, noting that their effectiveness in driving climate transitions depends on standardized performance indicators, science-based targets, and the mitigation of greenwashing risks. It calls for further research into the additionality of SLBs and their ability to incentivize carbon performance and system-level financial innovation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000263#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) differ from green bonds by linking general purpose debt finance to the issuer's sustainability performance based on predefined targets, rather than using a use-of-proceeds model.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000263#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The capacity for SLBs to advance climate transitions is contingent upon several factors: a shared understanding of material performance indicators and eligible economic activities, the adoption of science-based targets, the reduction of greenwashing concerns, and the creation of bond characteristics that provide meaningful incentives for carbon performance improvement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000263#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Future research is needed to determine the climate-related additionality of SLBs, whether capital cost changes and bond characteristics actually help issuers meet or exceed climate targets and prevent unsustainable investments, and how the SLB market can foster system-level innovation in finance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000263#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate bond","decarbonization","climate finance","greenwashing"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["commentary"]},{"id":"sei-001030","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001030","title":"Designing Development Interventions","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-31","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/designing-development-interventions/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The authors demonstrate how combining service design—specifically using archetypes and prototyping—with discrete choice experiments can create effective development interventions, such as Weather Index Insurance for Ugandan farmers, by involving users in the design process and testing core assumptions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001030#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Service design (SD) is identified as a promising tool for designing interventions to address complex development challenges in the Global South because it directly involves citizens in improving services and systems.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001030#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the development of a Weather Index Insurance (WII) product in Uganda, the authors used archetypes to articulate farmer vulnerabilities and prototype insurance packages, while discrete choice experiments (DCEs) were used to test and triangulate these design features.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001030#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The combined approach of service design and DCEs resulted in a WII product adopted by major insurance providers in Uganda and improved upon traditional qualitative work by allowing participants to challenge core assumptions and participate directly in service design.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001030#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","biodiversity loss","smallholder"],"geography_discussed":["Global South"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","methodological description"]},{"id":"sei-000446","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000446","title":"Country Ownership of Climate Finance: Kenya and Zambia","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-29","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/country-ownership-climate-finance-kenya-zambia/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study compares climate finance coordination in Kenya and Zambia, finding that political factors—including power dynamics, vested interests, and framings of finance—significantly hinder coordination efforts. The authors argue that achieving genuine country ownership requires a critical examination of these internal political struggles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000446#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Political factors, specifically power dynamics, vested interests, and the way climate finance is framed, significantly obstruct coordination efforts within the climate finance landscapes of both Kenya and Zambia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000446#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","climate change adaptation","climate change mitigation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative study"]},{"id":"sei-000916","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000916","title":"Wind Power Curtailment China","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-15","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/wind-power-curtailment-china/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study examines the drivers of wind power curtailment reduction in China using a logarithmic mean Divisia index approach. It identifies national contributors such as local power demand and power structures, while highlighting regional differences: power transmission is critical in northwest China, thermal power dominance hinders reduction in north China, and peak-shaving auxiliary service markets assist in northeast China. The paper argues for market-oriented energy structure reforms to ensure sustainable low-carbon development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000916#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"At a national level, the primary factors contributing to the reduction of wind power curtailment are local power demand, power exports, and power structures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000916#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Wind power curtailment drivers vary significantly by region: northwest China relies on power transmission, north China is hindered by the dominance of thermal power for energy security, and northeast China utilizes a peak-shaving auxiliary service market to increase grid consumption of local wind power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000916#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Addressing wind power curtailment requires market-oriented energy structure reforms, technical transformations, and policy measures to improve power grid adaptability and support sustainable low-carbon development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000916#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy transition","carbon neutrality"],"geography_discussed":["Northwestern China","North China","Northeast China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["regional analysis","quantitative evaluation"]},{"id":"sei-000746","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000746","title":"State of the Bioeconomy in Eastern Africa 2022","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-13","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/state-of-the-bioeconomy-in-eastern-africa-2022/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document argues that developing a bioeconomy in Eastern Africa can transform biobased sectors by applying scientific research and innovation to produce value-added products from local bioresources. With over 65% of the population depending on biological resources, the region has significant potential to reduce waste and create jobs. This development is supported by the East African Community Bioeconomy Strategy, launched in November 2021, which aims to catalyse the sustainable use of bioresources for inclusive growth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000746#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A significant portion of the Eastern African population relies on biological resources, but these are often used in raw form with substantial waste, presenting a major opportunity for value addition through a bioeconomy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000746#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The development of a bioeconomy in Eastern Africa is expected to support the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals by creating jobs, improving food security and health, and mitigating climate change through sustainable bioenergy and waste conversion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000746#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The East African Community Bioeconomy Strategy, launched in November 2021 and approved in April 2022, serves as the central framework to promote the innovative and sustainable use of bioresources for job creation and economic growth in the region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000746#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["biobased economy","climate change"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","strategic analysis"]},{"id":"sei-000406","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000406","title":"Sweden's climate targets: eat, get around","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-08","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/swedens-climate-targets-eat-get-around","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The review finds that Sweden's road maps for a fossil-free transport and food sector contain significant gaps, particularly regarding the challenges faced by rural populations and the lack of clear goals for climate-friendly food consumption. While recent government responses to energy price shocks acknowledge urban-rural differences, they may inadvertently prolong fossil fuel use. The authors argue that greater transparency and specific policy tools are needed to ensure a fair transition and maintain public legitimacy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000406#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Sweden's strategies for a fossil-free transport sector fail to adequately address the specific challenges rural populations may encounter, creating a need for policies that prevent unfair impacts on these groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000406#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is insufficient clarity regarding the incentives for consumers to move away from car use toward public transport, cycling, and walking, which may undermine the effectiveness and legitimacy of national targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000406#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Recent Swedish Government policy responses to high fuel and electricity prices acknowledge the differing needs of urban and rural populations, but they risk extending the use of fossil fuels and car transport.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000406#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Visions for a fossil-free food sector lack defined goals for climate-friendly consumption and clear information on the policy tools that will be used to change consumer food choices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000406#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Net-zero emissions","public transport"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy review"]},{"id":"sei-000247","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000247","title":"Principles for co-producing climate services","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07-01","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/principles-for-co-producing-climate-services/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document reflects on the FRACTAL project, conducted between 2015 and 2021 in nine southern African urban areas, to identify principles for co-producing climate knowledge. It emphasizes the role of co-production in fostering partnerships and mutual learning between stakeholders to support climate-resilient urban development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000247#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The FRACTAL project, operating from 2015 to 2021 across nine southern African urban areas, aimed to generate co-produced climate knowledge to support urban development that is resilient to climate change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000247#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is an increasing focus on the co-production of climate services as a means to encourage mutual learning and the establishment of partnerships among various stakeholders.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000247#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Climate information service"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","literature review"]},{"id":"sei-001391","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001391","title":"Decarbonizing the EU’s road and construction sectors through green public procurement","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/green-public-procurement-sweden-netherlands.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes green public procurement (GPP) in Sweden and the Netherlands, focusing on the high-emission road transport and construction sectors. While both countries utilize GPP, the Netherlands employs more centralized, nationally developed tools and databases, whereas Sweden's approach is more decentralized. Key barriers in both nations include a lack of human resources, insufficient contract follow-up, and a need for better public-private dialogue. The briefing suggests that while GPP is widely practiced, more systematic implementation and standardized data reporting are required to meet national and EU climate objectives.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In the Netherlands, GPP is extensively used, with 67% of public procurements including at least one environmental criterion according to the 2015–2020 Dutch National Action Plan assessment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sweden has seen a decline in the adoption of environmental requirements in public procurements, dropping from 63% in 2018 to 58% in 2020, with municipalities showing the lowest performance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Netherlands utilizes centralized tools to incentivize decarbonization, such as the CO2 Performance Ladder for certifying carbon emissions and DuboCalc for life-cycle assessments of construction materials, both of which can lead to price deductions for more ambitious projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sweden's GPP landscape is characterized by decentralization, where municipalities often develop their own criteria rather than using those from the Swedish Procurement Agency (SPA) or framework agreements from the purchasing center Adda.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant implementation barriers in Sweden include a lack of capacity and expertise; 50% of procurers report lacking time and human resources, and 41% report lacking expertise to consider environmental impacts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Both Sweden and the Netherlands face a gap between high-level policy ambitions and concrete implementation, specifically regarding the lack of systematic follow-up on awarded tenders to ensure environmental standards are met.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Stakeholders in both countries emphasize the need for standardized data reporting on greenhouse gas emissions and material circularity, as well as increased dialogue between public and private sectors to align industrial transitions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001391#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable procurement","decarbonization","road transport","greenhouse gas emissions","circular economy","life cycle assessment","climate policy"],"geography_discussed":["European Union"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","policy review","stakeholder interviews"]},{"id":"sei-001505","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001505","title":"Overcoming barriers to integrated planning","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/overcoming-barriers-to-integrated-planning.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) highlights the need for integrated planning to manage synergies and trade-offs between the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The briefing presents the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) as a unique open-access, quantitative, and prospective tool capable of analyzing both Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and SDGs. SEI's Initiative on Integrated Climate and Development Planning has expanded LEAP with extensions for macroeconomic impacts, health, agriculture, and land use, which have been applied in 16 countries to quantify the co-benefits of climate action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Integrated planning is necessary because aggressive pursuit of a single climate or development goal can negatively impact other priorities, and limited resources require the optimization of synergies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While climate mitigation shows positive synergies with health (SDG 3), energy (SDG 7), responsible consumption and production (SDG 12), and oceans (SDG 14), stringent actions to limit warming to 1.5°C pose risks of trade-offs for poverty (SDG 1), hunger (SDG 2), water (SDG 6), and energy (SDG 7).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"An evaluation of eight available tools for assessing SDG-NDC interlinkages found that the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) is the only open-access tool that is prospective, quantitative, comparative, and covers both SDGs and NDCs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SEI Initiative on Integrated Climate and Development Planning has added four major extensions to LEAP to quantify impacts on specific SDGs: LEAP-Macro for employment and GDP (SDG 8), the Integrated Benefits Calculator for air pollution and health (SDG 3), the AgHealth tool for agriculture and diet (SDG 3), and a forestry and other land-use (FOLU)-tool for emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The LEAP toolkit has been used in 16 countries to develop NDCs or assess decarbonization, including Bangladesh, Benin, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Dominican Republic, Eswatini, Ghana, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Nigeria, Togo, Zimbabwe, and Morocco.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Quantified health impact assessments for the NDCs of Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, and Ghana indicate that implementing updated plans could prevent 30,000, 7,000, and 2,900 premature deaths per year, respectively.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Morocco, the application of LEAP-Macro to the low-carbon energy transition showed that investments in the power sector could increase long-run GDP by 0.2%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001505#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change mitigation","Sustainable Development Goals","Nationally Determined Contributions","energy transition","climate finance","public health","land use","forestry"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","Nigeria","Ivory Coast","Ghana","Morocco","Bangladesh","Benin","Chile","Colombia","Costa Rica","Dominican Republic","Eswatini","Mali","Mexico","Mongolia","Togo","Zimbabwe"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tool evaluation","case study"]},{"id":"sei-001538","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001538","title":"Reaching climate neutrality in Estonia","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-07","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/reaching-climate-neutrality-in-estonia-a-progress-update-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while Estonia's total greenhouse gas emissions fell from 18,687.4 kt CO2e in 2018 to 11,555.8 kt CO2e in 2020, significant gaps remain across all sectors to reach 2050 neutrality. The energy sector shows a positive trend in renewables, but wind capacity investment is lagging. The buildings sector lacks incentives for non-residential renovations, which are identified as highly cost-efficient. The LULUCF sector transitioned from a carbon sink to an emitting sector in 2020. Transport emissions are decreasing, but a modal shift toward public transport and cycling has not been achieved. Agriculture emissions continue to rise slowly, and the sector faces limited reduction potential without impacting food production. The report highlights the contradiction of government support for a new shale oil refinery, which is viewed as a step away from climate neutrality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Estonia's total greenhouse gas emissions showed a significant decline between 2018 and 2020, dropping from 18,687.4 kilotons CO2 equivalent to 11,555.8 kt CO2e.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The energy sector is the largest contributor to emissions, accounting for 81.9% of total emissions (excluding LULUCF) in 2020. While renewable energy shares are increasing, the pace of investment in wind energy must grow to meet the 2030 target of 2640 GWh, up from 760 GWh in 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the buildings sector, financial support is heavily concentrated on residential properties, leaving office, industrial, and commercial buildings without stable incentives. This is a critical gap because renovating these non-residential buildings is identified as one of the most cost-efficient ways to reduce CO2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector, which historically acted as a carbon sink, became an emitting sector in 2020. The report describes the EU Fit for 55 target of sequestering 2.5 million tonnes of CO2e by 2030 as highly unlikely to be reached.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The transport sector has the largest emissions reduction potential under the EU Effort Sharing Regulation, but it is struggling with a decline in the share of people walking, cycling, or using public transport, which fell to 34% in 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agriculture is the second largest emitting sector, and emissions are rising steadily. The report notes that reducing emissions in this sector is difficult without reducing food production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Estonian government is supporting the construction of a new shale oil refinery projected for 2024 with an investment of EUR 286 million; however, the report identifies this as a negative action that contradicts climate neutrality goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hydrogen is being positioned as a key element of the green transition, with the government allocating EUR 111 million in early 2022 to support companies in the hydrogen value chain.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The cement and limestone industries are the primary industrial emitters. While emissions in cement have declined due to the high cost of CO2 allowances making clinker production unprofitable, there is currently no direct government support for the decarbonization of heavy industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001538#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","renewable energy","wind energy","solar energy","energy efficiency","Villevocance","carbon sequestration","peatland restoration","electric vehicle","renewable natural gas","hydrogen","European Union Emission Trading Scheme 1","Industrial decarbonization","sustainable transport","precision agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["Ida-Viru County","Tallinn","Tartu","Pärnu","European Union","Latvia","Lithuania"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["progress update","policy assessment","sectoral analysis"]},{"id":"sei-000102","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000102","title":"Address loss and damage finance urgency","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"statement","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-27","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/perspectives/address-loss-and-damage-finance-urgency/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document highlights the urgency of loss and damage finance following devastating floods in Bangladesh and Northern India. It argues that existing mechanisms, such as the Green Climate Fund and humanitarian aid, are insufficient due to stringent requirements, slow disbursement, and overstretched resources. The author calls on G7 nations to provide bilateral grants, support existing pilot facilities, or fund national disaster funds to provide immediate relief while working toward a formal loss and damage finance facility at COP27.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Existing climate finance mechanisms, including the Green Climate Fund, are insufficient for loss and damage needs because poorer countries struggle with stringent requirements and funding takes too long to reach affected communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The humanitarian aid sector is unable to fill the loss and damage gap because it is overstretched—with appeals for extreme weather events increasing eightfold over 20 years—and is not designed to address slow-onset events like rising sea levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To provide urgent support without relying on failing architectures, wealthy nations should provide bilateral public finance as grants rather than loans to avoid increasing the debt of poor countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Wealthy nations can accelerate support by channeling funds through existing pilot loss and damage facilities or by directly funding national disaster funds, such as those in Mexico, to ensure faster local access.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While G7 nations have proposed a 'global shield', an insurance mechanism alone is insufficient; there remains a critical need for a formal loss and damage finance facility to be established and funded, starting with its inclusion on the COP27 agenda.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000102#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Loss and Damage Fund","climate finance","Green Climate Fund","extreme weather event","sea level rise","public finance"],"geography_discussed":["Bangladesh","India","Mexico","Scotland","Canada","Germany","Bavaria"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","advocacy"]},{"id":"sei-000805","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000805","title":"Global Shipping Watch fact sheet","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-27","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/global-shipping-watch-fact-sheet/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Global Shipping Watch is a data platform that matches cargo records with AIS vessel movements to attribute maritime emissions to specific companies, products, and routes. It aims to overcome barriers to decarbonization by providing transparency for scope 3 emissions reporting and sustainable supply chain management. The initial 2019 data release covers US imports and exports, as well as exports from Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Indonesia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000805#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global Shipping Watch uses a methodology that matches detailed cargo records with vessel movements and operations obtained from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to identify cargo contents, owning companies, and commodity-linked emissions on specific routes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000805#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The platform addresses a critical data gap where it was previously impossible to link maritime transport emissions to specific companies, products, countries, or consumer choices, which hindered the accurate assessment of scope 3 emissions in corporate reporting.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000805#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Maritime shipping accounts for nearly 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, exceeding the aviation sector, and causes significant air pollution in densely populated coastal regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000805#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The initial data release for the platform covers 2019 maritime imports and exports for the United States, and exports for Indonesia, Peru, Chile, and Brazil.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000805#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water transport","greenhouse gas emissions","Scope 3","decarbonization","air pollution","greenhouse gas monitoring"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Brazil","Chile","Peru","Indonesia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tool description","fact sheet"]},{"id":"sei-001019","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001019","title":"Soy and UK food system","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-24","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/soy-and-uk-food-system/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The UK imports over 3 million metric tons of soy annually, primarily from Argentina, Brazil, and the US, with 90% used as livestock feed. The poultry sector is identified as the most vulnerable to supply or price shocks due to its high dependency on soy. The primary risk is deforestation and associated Scope 3 emissions. Recommendations include industry collaboration via the UK Soy Manifesto, aligned due diligence legislation, and long-term contracts for sustainable soy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001019#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The UK imports more than 3 million metric tons of soy annually, mainly from Argentina, Brazil, and the US, with approximately 90% of these imports used as livestock feed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001019#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Deforestation and the resulting carbon emissions (Scope 3) represent the most critical soy-related risk for the UK industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001019#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The poultry sector is the most vulnerable part of the livestock industry to soy price or supply shocks because it is the most dependent on soy and has the least capacity to substitute it in diets compared to other livestock.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001019#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","land-use change","Scope 3","Global supply chain governance"],"geography_discussed":["Argentina","Brazil","United States","People's Republic of China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["risk assessment","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"sei-000277","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000277","title":"Trade policy support climate agenda","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-23","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/trade-policy-support-climate-agenda/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document advocates for the use of the international trade regime, specifically through the WTO, to restructure market relationships in a climate-friendly manner. It suggests that while border carbon adjustments are prominent, other measures such as phasing out fossil fuel subsidies, removing barriers for clean energy technologies, and establishing green materials clubs are underutilized tools for achieving a low-carbon transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000277#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"While border carbon adjustments are the most visible trade measures for climate policy, the authors suggest several other trade-related policy avenues to support climate goals: phasing out fossil fuel subsidies, creating clear dispute settlement rules for renewable energy technologies, finalizing an environmental goods and services agreement, and forming green materials clubs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000277#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The WTO regime provides a framework to incentivize climate change mitigation and adaptation by removing trade barriers for clean energy technologies and phasing out trade-distortive fossil fuel subsidies, though WTO member states have not yet exploited this potential.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000277#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["trade policy","fossil fuel subsidy","climate change mitigation","climate change adaptation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001008","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001008","title":"EU Emissions Trading System, Social Climate Fund and Just Transition","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-21","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/eu-emissions-trading-system-social-climate-fund-just-transition/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the social implications of the European Commission's 'Fit for 55' package, specifically the introduction of carbon pricing for road transport and buildings (ETS2). It highlights the proposed EUR 72 billion Social Climate Fund (2025-2032) designed to provide income support to vulnerable households and fund emission-reduction measures to ensure public acceptance and a fair transition away from fossil fuels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001008#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The European Commission's Fit for 55 policy package aims to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and a 55% reduction in emissions by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, introducing carbon pricing for fuels used in buildings and road transport for the first time.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001008#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To mitigate the social impact of the new Emissions Trading System for road transport and buildings (ETS2), the EU has proposed a Social Climate Fund totaling EUR 72 billion for the period 2025-2032 to support vulnerable households and implement emission-reduction measures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001008#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The document argues that ensuring a fair and inclusive transition is critical for the political and practical success of climate policy, as public acceptance depends primarily on perceived fairness.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001008#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","road transport","building","emission trading","carbon price","just transition","climate policy"],"geography_discussed":["Sweden"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment"]},{"id":"sei-000903","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000903","title":"Agricultural Salinity Pollution California","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022-06-16","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/agricultural-salinity-pollution-california/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The research utilizes a scalable decision support model to evaluate 64 combinations of policy interventions, including fees and water use restrictions, to address salinity pollution in the San Joaquin River. Findings indicate that while surface water restrictions increase salinity loads due to higher groundwater reliance, the implementation of fees for imported water and market-based pollution permits can help farmers maintain profitability and lower salinity levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000903#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The study evaluated 64 different policy intervention combinations involving fees and water use restrictions. Although all scenarios resulted in lower net revenues compared to the base case, no scenario produced negative net revenues because subareas could adapt by fallowing land, increasing groundwater use, or switching to high-revenue crops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000903#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Restrictions on surface water lead to an increase in salinity loads because farmers increase their use of groundwater. Conversely, charging fees for imported water is identified as a policy that can help farmers keep salinity loads lower while remaining profitable.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000903#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In scenarios with highly restrictive surface water availability, collaborative market-based arrangements, such as the buying and selling of pollution permits, can enable farmers to maintain their revenue levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000903#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water scarcity","water quality","emission trading"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy simulation","decision support modeling"]}]}