{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"organization":["Institute for Strategic Dialogue"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":166,"relation":"eq"},"page":3,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?organization=institute-for-strategic-dialogue&page=3","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?organization=institute-for-strategic-dialogue&page=4","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"isdglo-000037","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000037","title":"The ‘original sounds’ of terrorist leaders: A TikTok feature enables terrorist content to flourish","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2024-07-18","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/the-original-sounds-of-terrorist-leaders-a-tiktok-feature-enables-terrorist-content-to-flourish/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"Research by the Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) reveals that TikTok's 'original sound' feature allows terrorist propaganda to persist even after original videos are removed. The study found that audio from IS and al-Qaeda ideologues is easily discoverable and often spreads through misleading labels or integration with popular nasheeds, sometimes reaching users who do not appear to support extremist ideologies. Furthermore, the platform's algorithm was found to recommend additional violative content, including neo-Nazi propaganda, to users searching for terrorist material.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"TikTok's 'original sound' feature allows audio from terrorist ideologues to remain on the platform through other users' content even after the original source video is removed for violating community guidelines.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Between 16-18 June, ISD identified 55 videos featuring al-Qaeda and IS ideologues via simple name searches, totaling over 1.1 million views. Of these, 60 percent used 'original sounds', and an additional 230 videos used that audio to gain 663,793 more views.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Users spread terrorist content by using innocuous or misleading titles, such as \"the speech of truth,\" to bypass moderation and attract users unaware of the audio's origin.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Approximately 28 percent of the users (64 individuals) who shared videos using terrorist 'original sounds' showed no other behaviors indicating support for al-Qaeda or IS, suggesting that mislabeling or the use of nasheeds may lead users to share content without knowing its source.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"TikTok's recommendation algorithm may create a 'rabbit hole' effect by serving users who search for terrorist content additional violative material, including videos of accelerationist neo-Nazi terrorists such as the Buffalo and Christchurch mass shooters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000037#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Lebanon"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"isdglo-000026","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000026","title":"Israel-Hamas conflict animates the reincarnated Canadian Jewish Defense League","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2024-06-20","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/israel-hamas-conflict-animates-the-reincarnated-canadian-jewish-defense-league/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The briefing examines the resurgence of the Canadian Jewish Defense League (JDL) through its rebranded entity, Israel Now. It details how the group uses social media, specifically the 'Never Again Live' platform, to target pro-Palestinian activists through doxxing and harassment. The document highlights the group's promotion of Jewish militancy, including firearms training, and its alignment with far-right, Islamophobic, and anti-immigrant rhetoric. It further notes the group's historical and contemporary links to violent extremist organizations and individuals, arguing that the Israel-Hamas conflict has provided an opportunity for the group to gain publicity and build coalitions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Israel Now was established in 2021 as a re-branded version of the Canadian Jewish Defense League (JDL) to shift the group's focus toward social media, while maintaining a similar mission statement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Since October 7, Israel Now and associated outlets like Never Again Live have engaged in monitoring, doxxing, and harassing pro-Palestinian protesters, activists, and Jewish individuals perceived as not sufficiently pro-Israeli.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Meir Weinstein, leader of the Canadian JDL and Israel Now, has advocated for Jewish militancy, specifically promoting the need for the community to learn how to shoot and fight, and suggesting the use of a small group to target opponents.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The group's online presence, primarily through Never Again Live, promotes narratives that deny the existence of Palestinian people and label pro-Palestinian activists as 'demonic' or Hamas supporters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Israel Now and its supporters employ Islamophobic and anti-immigrant rhetoric, claiming that Muslim immigration has caused demographic shifts in Western countries and increased antisemitism.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The organization maintains ties with various far-right and anti-Muslim groups, including the Proud Boys, Soldiers of Odin Canada, and the National Citizens’ Alliance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000026#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Israel","United States","Gaza Strip","Toronto","New York City","Halifax"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["extremism analysis","disinformation monitoring","hate speech analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000019","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000019","title":"The Houthi (Ansar Allah) Digital Ecosystem","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2024-05-28","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/the-houthi-ansar-allah-digital-ecosystem/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Houthi movement utilizes a diverse network of official and unofficial digital channels to project influence and solidarity with Palestinians, leveraging a 'grey area' in platform moderation and government designations to avoid total censorship. The group's messaging is amplified by Iranian state media, pro-Kremlin networks, and far-left commentators, while official English-language content is carefully curated to be more palatable to international audiences than its Arabic counterparts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000019#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Houthi digital ecosystem consists of a mix of official and unofficial entities across multiple platforms. Between January and February 2024, researchers identified 98 relevant entities, including 60 official and 38 informal. These comprised 12 websites, 41 X accounts, 22 Telegram channels, 9 Facebook accounts, 9 TikTok accounts, 1 Instagram account, 3 YouTube accounts, and 1 account on the Iranian platform Virasty.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000019#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The group employs a strategic content differentiation based on language to appeal to international audiences. Arabic content is more explicitly celebratory of Hamas's 'Al-Aqsa Storm' attacks, whereas English versions of official sites omit certain religious sections and feature military spokesperson Yahya Serea more prominently than the more ideological al-Houthi.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000019#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Houthi messaging is amplified by a combination of state actors and non-state ideological supporters. Iran and pro-Iran accounts promote the group as representing 'Yemen', while pro-Kremlin and pro-Assad accounts use Houthi content to support narratives of Western aggression. Additionally, far-left and pro-Palestinian commentators have platformed senior Houthi figures, framing the group as an 'anti-colonial resistance movement'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000019#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Inconsistent government designations and platform moderation policies create a 'grey area' that the Houthis exploit. While the US re-designated the group as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT) in 2024, platforms appear to treat this as less definitive than a Foreign Terrorist Organisation (FTO) designation. This is evidenced by the inconsistent application of X's policy on premium blue checkmarks; while some Houthi accounts were suspended or lost their checkmarks in early 2024, others, such as Naser al-Deen Amer and Ali al-Imad, retained them as of 18 March 2024.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000019#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Iran","Israel","Saudi Arabia","United States","United Arab Emirates","Malaysia","Gaza Strip","Red Sea","Germany","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["digital ecosystem analysis","social media monitoring","policy analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000031","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000031","title":"Northern Ireland Related Terrorism","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":"2024-01-15","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/isd-explainer/northern-ireland-related-terrorism/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The document provides an overview of Northern Ireland Related Terrorism (NIRT), tracing the conflict from the 1921 partition and 'The Troubles' to the 1998 Good Friday Agreement. It details the ideologies and activities of proscribed dissident Republican groups (such as the New IRA and CIRA) and Loyalist paramilitaries (including the UVF and UDA). The guide also highlights the role of social media in amplifying sectarian hate, the emergence of anti-immigrant and anti-LGBTQ+ mobilisations, and the impact of foreign disinformation campaigns in exacerbating domestic divisions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Northern Ireland Related Terrorism (NIRT) remains a persistent threat in the UK, with the UK Government recently increasing the threat level from moderate to substantial.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Dissident Republican groups, including the IRA, CIRA, and INLA, are proscribed terrorist organisations that reject the Belfast Agreement and seek a united Ireland through armed struggle, primarily targeting law enforcement and infrastructure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Loyalist paramilitary groups, such as the UVF, UDA, LVF, and RHC, are proscribed organisations that use violence and organised crime to maintain Northern Ireland's union with the United Kingdom.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 1998 Belfast Agreement (Good Friday Agreement) ended three decades of conflict that resulted in over 3,500 deaths, establishing a power-sharing government and a non-partisan police force (PSNI).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social media platforms are used by proscribed groups to recruit members and share propaganda, often circumventing bans by using alternative names or framing the glorification of terrorists as historical commemorations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Recent tensions among Loyalists have been exacerbated by the 2016 Brexit deal, specifically the Windsor Framework and new trade arrangements, which some feel undermine their British identity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is an increase in offline sectarian hate crimes and the emergence of anti-immigrant and anti-LGBTQ+ mobilisations, including protests targeting hotels housing refugees.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A Russian-linked disinformation campaign in 2019 used fake Facebook profiles to spread false narratives intended to deepen domestic divisions and tensions between Northern Ireland and the UK.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000031#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United Kingdom","Ireland"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"isdglo-000152","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000152","title":"Terrorism, Extremism, Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2024-01","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Terrorism-extremism-disinformation-and-artificial-intelligence_A-primer-for-policy-practitioners.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines how AI technologies—specifically generative AI, large language models (LLMs), and recommender systems—can be exploited to scale disinformation, impersonate individuals via deepfakes, and automate political micro-targeting. It contrasts these risks with AI's potential to detect harmful content and enhance counter-speech. The briefing also reviews emerging regulatory frameworks in the EU, UK, and US, and discusses ethical principles like accountability and 'Constitutional AI' as means to govern these technologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Large Language Models (LLMs) can increase the scale and effectiveness of political influence operations by lowering costs and barriers to entry, enabling the creation of tailored messaging at scale that bypasses traditional detection methods based on copy-pasted text.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Deepfakes pose significant risks to individual psychological safety and reputation, with a disproportionate impact on women, who are targeted more frequently than politicians by deepfake videos.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'liar's dividend' describes a phenomenon where the existence of convincing deepfakes allows individuals to dispute the veracity of authentic content by claiming it is AI-generated, thereby eroding public trust and the rule of law.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"AI-powered political micro-targeting (PMT) leverages 'big data' and predictive models to shape voter behaviour through hyper-personalised messaging, raising ethical concerns regarding voter agency and the line between persuasion and manipulation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"LLM-powered social bots are becoming increasingly difficult to detect as they move away from 'self-revealing' patterns and may evolve into autonomous agents capable of making independent decisions via APIs and search engines.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Algorithmic recommender systems can create 'filter bubbles' that insulate users from opposing viewpoints, potentially damaging public debate and democratic institutions, although some research suggests the impact on political polarisation is contested.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Highly capable foundation models present three primary public safety problems: the 'unexpected capabilities problem' (unpredictable dangerous functions), the 'deployment safety problem' (difficulty in steering behaviour), and the 'proliferation problem' (unregulated open-sourcing).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"AI provides critical opportunities for mitigating online harm, such as Meta's 'Few-Shot Learner' for detecting COVID-19 misinformation and the use of neural networks to detect deepfakes more accurately than human reviewers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EU AI Act adopts a risk-based approach to regulation, but negotiations have faced deadlocks over foundation models, with France, Germany, and Italy advocating for self-regulation to avoid hindering domestic AI development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The UK's approach to AI regulation is characterised as 'pro-innovation' and 'light-touch', focusing on existing regulators implementing AI principles rather than a single holistic body of law.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000152#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":["European Union","United Kingdom","United States","People's Republic of China","Australia","Germany"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","risk analysis","technical primer"]},{"id":"isdglo-000053","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000053","title":"POSITIVE ONLINE INTERVENTIONS PLAYBOOK: Innovating Responses to a Shifting Online Extremist Landscape in New Zealand","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/20240724_NZ_Playbook.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document argues that traditional, securitised responses to violent extremism are inadequate for the current 'post-organisational' threat environment, which is characterised by ideological hybridisation, transnational networks, and algorithmic amplification. It advocates for a 'public health approach' that targets underlying vulnerabilities through four tiers of prevention: primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary. The playbook details 'tried and tested' models—such as digital citizenship education, counternarratives, and direct engagement—alongside innovative strategies including 'inoculation' (pre-bunking), real-time correction of narratives, and the disruption of extremist ecosystems. It concludes with practical guidance on monitoring, evaluation, safeguarding, and operational security for practitioners.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The extremist threat landscape has shifted from formalised groups toward 'amorphous online extremist ecosystems' and a 'post-organisational' environment where violence is often perpetrated by lone actors or small unorganised groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ideological hybridisation is occurring, where distinct extremist ideologies, hate, and disinformation overlap, sometimes leading far-right and Islamist networks to unite against shared targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Extremist movements in New Zealand are increasingly transnational, adopting overseas narratives and forming networks with international groups such as the US-based Patriot Front and the Nordic Resistance Movement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Platform design and algorithms contribute to the spread of extremism through 'algorithmic amplification', which promotes harmful content to users to maintain engagement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The document proposes a 'public health approach' to intervention, moving from reactive, securitised models to proactive strategies that target the causes of violence across four tiers: primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Innovative 'inoculation' or 'pre-bunking' strategies aim to build resistance to manipulation by exposing vulnerable audiences to weakened forms of extremist arguments and explaining the flawed reasoning used.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Effective online interventions require a comprehensive 'In Practice' framework including situational analysis, a theory of change, risk assessment, and systematic monitoring and evaluation to avoid unintended harms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000053#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Germany","Ukraine"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["guide","framework"]},{"id":"isdglo-000056","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000056","title":"A Year of Hate","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/A-Year-of-Hate_Anti-Drag-Mobilisation-Australia.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details a surge in targeted harassment and protests against all-ages drag events, such as Drag Queen Story Hours (DQSH), in Australia. It identifies a coalition of actors including neo-Nazis, COVID-19 conspiracy theorists, fringe politicians, and certain Christian groups who employ tactics like review-bombing, bomb threats, and the disruption of local council meetings. The document argues that this movement is heavily influenced by the importation of transphobic rhetoric and 'groomer' narratives from the United States and United Kingdom. While the mobilisers remain a fringe element of society, the report highlights a 'chilling effect' where venues and councils cancel events due to security concerns and threats of violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Anti-drag mobilisation in Australia is driven by a coalition of diverse actors, including conspiracy theorists, far-right extremists, fringe media, and Christian groups, which allows extremists to reach audiences beyond their usual circles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The movement in Australia is heavily dependent on the importation of narratives, slurs, and imagery from the United States and United Kingdom, rather than being locally generated.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Communities that formed around COVID-19 anti-vaccine and anti-lockdown sentiments are pivoting toward anti-LGBTQ+ and anti-drag narratives to maintain their relevance and audience engagement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-drag activists employ a range of tactics to disrupt events, including physical protests, bomb threats, doxxing of staff, and 'review-bombing' of institutional social media pages.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The primary narratives used to target drag performers include accusations of paedophilia and 'grooming', claims of ideological indoctrination, and the use of religious language to describe performers as 'Satanic' or 'demonic'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The mobilisation has created a 'chilling effect' where local councils and venues cancel events not because of legislative bans, but due to security risks and the threat of violence from fringe groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000056#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States","United Kingdom","Melbourne","Sydney","Victoria","Queensland","Tasmania"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["country profile","network analysis","narrative analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000057","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000057","title":"A Year of Hate: Anti-Drag Mobilisation Efforts Targeting LGBTQ+ People in France","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/A-Year-of-Hate_Anti_Drag-Mobilisation_France.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies a growing network of far-right actors, conspiracy theorists, and COVID-19 sceptics in France who are targeting all-ages drag events through online harassment and increasing in-person protests. It highlights the influence of US-based anti-drag narratives and the role of political parties like Reconquête and Rassemblement National in these efforts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Anti-drag mobilisation in France serves as a nexus for ideologically diverse groups, including far-right media, local far-right groups, conspiracy theorists, COVID-19 sceptics, and political parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a notable overlap between COVID-19 sceptics and anti-LGBTQ+ advocacy, with some conspiracy-focused actors adopting narratives regarding 'grooming' and the 'protection of children'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While early anti-drag activity in France was primarily online, there is a trend toward in-person mobilisation, as evidenced by protests in Paris and Saint-Senoux.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"French anti-drag actors heavily utilize narratives and content from the United States, indicating a transnational influence on their rhetoric.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The party Reconquête, led by Eric Zemmour, showed signs of coordinated behavior in the distribution of a 2023 anti-drag petition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-drag actors frequently conflate drag performers with transgender individuals, using transphobic slurs and hate speech to frame drag as a danger to children.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000057#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":["United States","United Kingdom","Australia","Bordeaux","Lamballe-Armor","Toulouse","Paris","Saint-Senoux"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["social media analysis","ethnographic methods"]},{"id":"isdglo-000061","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000061","title":"From Posts to Polls: AfD Social Media Activity in east Germany and the Growing Dilemma of Coalition Politics","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/AfD-State-Elections-Campaign-on-Social-Media-3-4-2.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the social media strategy of the AfD in eastern Germany, finding that migration, economic grievances, and opposition to Ukraine support are the primary drivers of engagement. It highlights that the AfD views the CDU as its primary political competitor and warns that the party's growth may lead to unstable government coalitions that undermine democratic trust.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The analysis of 117 AfD Facebook pages, which collectively had 850,705 followers, revealed that opposition to migration was the most prominent theme. These posts frequently linked migrants to high crime rates and the decline of the welfare state, often calling for the deportation of criminals to countries such as Afghanistan and Syria.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economic concerns and foreign policy regarding Russia were also major themes. The AfD framed economic decline as a result of 'ideological' projects like climate policy and support for Ukraine, while portraying itself as the only party committed to 'peace' with Russia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) is identified as the AfD's primary political target and competitor in eastern Germany, receiving more criticism in popular posts (36%) than the Green Party (19%) or the SPD (16%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The post with the highest overall engagement did not focus on party politics but rather on an anti-trans campaign targeting Olympic gold medalist Imane Khelif, receiving 81,145 interactions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report warns that the projected electoral success of the AfD and the Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW) may force the creation of 'unsustainable' multi-party coalitions to maintain the 'firewall' against the far-right, potentially undermining public trust in the parliamentary system.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The AfD utilizes narratives of 'state repression' to frame German institutions as authoritarian, specifically criticizing the ban of Compact magazine and the surveillance of the party by domestic intelligence services.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000061#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","energy policy"],"geography_discussed":["Germany","Syria","Afghanistan","Russia","Ukraine","Mannheim","Zwickau","Namibia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["social media analysis","political campaign analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000069","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000069","title":"Antisemitismo en Línea: Herramientas para la Sociedad Civil","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"guide","language":"es","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Antisemitismo-en-Linea-Herramientas-para-la-Sociedad-Civil.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The document provides a comprehensive framework for civil society organizations to address the rise of online antisemitism. It analyzes how digital platforms—including mainstream social media and 'alt-tech' sites—amplify hate speech, conspiracy theories, and Holocaust denial. The guide examines legislative approaches in Europe and North America, contrasting content-based regulations with systemic oversight. It concludes with actionable recommendations for civil society, focusing on policy advocacy, victim support, digital citizenship education, and the establishment of cross-community coalitions to increase resilience against extremist ideologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Online antisemitism has increased in both volume and severity over the last decade, often adapting to current events such as the COVID-19 pandemic to integrate new conspiracy theories into an antisemitic worldview.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mainstream platforms like YouTube and TikTok are significant vectors for antisemitism; YouTube often amplifies conspiracy theories via recommendations, while TikTok has seen 17% of Holocaust-related content deny or distort the event as of 2022.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"'Alt-tech' platforms, specifically Telegram, serve as 'safe spaces' for violent extremism and white supremacists due to a libertarian ethos and a lack of consistent content moderation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Antisemitism manifests across the ideological spectrum: the far-right uses classic tropes and Holocaust denial, while left-wing antisemitism often appears as conspiracy myths about 'Zionists' controlling institutions or applying double standards to Israel.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a shift in digital regulation from 'content-based' approaches (notice-and-takedown) toward 'systemic' approaches that examine the underlying architecture and algorithms of platforms, such as the EU's Digital Services Act (DSA) and the UK's Online Safety Bill.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"European countries have diverse legal frameworks: Germany uses the NetzDG to force the removal of 'manifestly unlawful' content within 24 hours, while France's 'Loi Avia' saw key provisions struck down by the Constitutional Council for infringing on freedom of expression.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Latin America, antisemitism is generally addressed through broader anti-discrimination frameworks rather than specific national plans, although Argentina has appointed a Representative in the Fight against Antisemitism and several countries have adopted the IHRA working definition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Civil society organizations (CSOs) are encouraged to move beyond ad-hoc engagement with platforms and instead advocate for 'normative transparency,' the adoption of the IHRA definition, and better data access for independent researchers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Education for digital citizenship is identified as a critical tool to build resilience, requiring the integration of media literacy and critical thinking into school curricula to help users identify and challenge antisemitic stereotypes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000069#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["European Union","Germany","France","United Kingdom","Latin America","Argentina","Mexico","Colombia","Costa Rica","Guatemala","Panama","Uruguay","Buenos Aires"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"isdglo-000072","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000072","title":"Beyond Definitions","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BeyondDefinitions-TheNeedforaComprehensiveHumanRights-BasedUKExtremismPolicyStrategy.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document assesses the contemporary UK landscape of hate and extremism, highlighting a shift toward 'hybridised' threats where ideological boundaries blur and online ecosystems drive real-world violence. It identifies the extreme right as the most dynamic threat, particularly among youth, while noting that Islamist extremism remains the dominant terrorism threat. The report also details the rise of anti-LGBTQ+, anti-migrant, and antisemitic hate, often amplified by international conflicts and hostile state actors from Russia, Iran, and China. To counter these, the authors propose a unified policy framework that integrates social cohesion, a rights-based definition of extremism, and a public health model of violence prevention, moving away from siloed counter-terrorism approaches.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The extreme right wing (XRW) is the UK's most dynamic extremism threat, with a significant trend of youth involvement; 95% of minors arrested for counter-terrorism offences recently were associated with extreme-right ideologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Islamist extremism continues to be the primary terrorism threat in the UK, with the Israel-Gaza conflict increasing risks and facilitating the spread of official branded terrorist content on platforms like X, where 90% of such content remained online months after October 7.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Israel-Gaza conflict has caused a massive surge in hate speech: antisemitic comments on YouTube videos about the conflict increased 50-fold, and anti-Muslim hate speech on fringe alt-tech platforms rose 10-fold.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Authorities face 'hybridised' extremism threats where radicalisation is driven by online ecosystems, aesthetics of violence, or nihilism rather than a single coherent ideology, often falling into the 'Mixed, Unclear or Unstable' (MUU) category of Prevent referrals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hostile state actors, particularly Russia, Iran, and China, are increasingly intersecting with domestic extremists to exacerbate polarisation; Iran has specifically been linked to at least 15 foiled plots against UK-based targets, including Jewish communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Conspiracy movements that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic have pivoted to target LGBTQ+ communities and climate-related issues, such as the Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) in London, often using narratives of 'climate lockdown' to justify harassment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Northern Ireland Related Terrorism (NIRT) remains a persistent threat, with dissident Republican groups and loyalist paramilitaries continuing to operate, and the UK government recently raising the threat level from moderate to substantial.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hate crime in England and Wales rose by 26% in the year ending March 2022, with transgender hate crimes seeing a 56% increase.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000072#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["human rights"],"geography_discussed":["England","Wales","Northern Ireland","Russia","Iran","People's Republic of China","London","Oxford"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","threat assessment"]},{"id":"isdglo-000076","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000076","title":"Mainstreaming Digital Human Rights","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/CCOA-Mainstreaming-Digital-Human-Rights-1.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies a deepening crisis of online antisemitism in Europe, exacerbated by the October 7 attacks, which has led to significant psychological distress and a 'chilling effect' on Jewish participation in public life. It highlights systemic failures by social media platforms to enforce terms of service, a lack of capacity within law enforcement, and limited awareness of the Digital Services Act (DSA) among Jewish civil society. The document proposes a holistic strategy including mandatory education on contemporary antisemitism, improved algorithmic transparency, the designation of trusted flaggers under the DSA, and the development of trauma-informed reporting mechanisms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Online antisemitism has caused severe behavioural and psychological impacts on Jewish communities across Europe, leading to a 'chilling effect' where individuals withdraw from public life, delete social media accounts, or conceal their religious identity to avoid harassment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a trend toward the normalisation and mainstreaming of antisemitic discourse, where hate speech is increasingly tolerated within anti-racist or political mainstream spaces and often masks itself as anti-Israel sentiment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social media platforms are failing to effectively moderate antisemitic content due to inconsistent enforcement of Terms of Service, poor linguistic expertise in non-English languages, and the rapid evolution of coded language used to evade detection.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Jewish civil society exhibits low awareness and confidence regarding the Digital Services Act (DSA), with many organisations lacking the capacity to engage in the 'trusted flagger' process or the resources to implement its mechanisms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Law enforcement agencies lack the necessary legislative tools, resources, and specialised knowledge to address the scale of online antisemitism, often resulting in a failure to identify illegal harms or a focus only on violent extremism rather than mainstream hate.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The October 7 attacks triggered a massive spike in digital antisemitism; for example, there was a 51-fold increase in English-language antisemitic comments on YouTube videos regarding the conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000076#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Austria"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy roadmap","qualitative analysis","stakeholder interviews"]},{"id":"isdglo-000114","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000114","title":"The German Far Right Online","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Longitudinal_Study_Matlach_Hammer.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the online behavior of the German far right, finding that while they utilize 'alt-tech' platforms to evade moderation, they remain heavily reliant on very large online platforms (VLOPs) for reach. It highlights the central role of conspiracy theories, the opportunistic use of crises like COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, and the increasing importance of audiovisual content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Conspiracy theories function as a primary heuristic for far-right online subcultures, framing their worldview as being besieged by \"dark forces\" and offering solutions of either individual preparation or collective revolution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Telegram serves a dual purpose for the German far right: it is used for internal ideological learning and networking among believers, and as a tool for external propaganda aimed at the wider public using a more moderate tone.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Far-right actors opportunistically exploit current events and crises to spread ideology, specifically using the COVID-19 pandemic to align with the anti-lockdown movement and the Russian invasion of Ukraine to disseminate Russian state propaganda.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the use of alternative platforms, very large online platforms (VLOPs) remain critical for far-right audiences, with accounts on these platforms expanding their followership and engagement over the study period.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The far-right online ecosystem is characterized by platform-specific silos, where a high volume of shared URLs link back to the same platform (Facebook, X/Twitter, or Telegram) rather than external domains.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant trend toward audiovisual content, with video-sharing platforms making up the largest proportion of shared social media links; Odysee emerged as a primary alternative to YouTube.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The takeover of X/Twitter by Elon Musk in late 2022 coincided with a steep increase in followers for far-right accounts, suggesting that relaxed moderation policies made the platform more attractive again.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-feminist narratives, including transphobia and opposition to abortion rights, have increased, often mirroring US far-right discourse and spiking after the US Supreme Court's Dobbs v. Jackson ruling.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Racist and xenophobic discourse remains structural, with a focus on anti-migration sentiment and the 'Great Replacement' conspiracy, often framing migrants as a threat to German resources or security.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The far right utilizes 'lifestyle' topics—such as nutrition, survivalism, and holistic health—as a 'coded' strategy to appeal to broader audiences and build community while avoiding overt ideological markers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000114#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","renewable energy","nuclear power","environmental policy"],"geography_discussed":["World","United States","Russia","Hungary","Brazil"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["longitudinal study","content analysis","topic modelling","network analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000118","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000118","title":"Mobilisation anti-avortement en France","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Mobilisation-anti-avortement-en-France_Quand-les-reseaux-sociaux-menacent-le-droit-a-lIVG.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies a coordinated effort by anti-abortion networks in France to use social media to spread misinformation and shocking content. It highlights the role of far-right and religious communities, the failure of platforms like Meta and YouTube to consistently enforce health misinformation policies, and the targeting of minors with distressing content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Anti-abortion mobilization in France primarily manifests as misinformation, misleading claims, and shocking content designed to discourage users from seeking abortions and cast doubt on medical safety.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Meta generated approximately 43,750 euros from 199 anti-abortion advertisements on Facebook between May 2022 and June 2023, resulting in 9.4 million impressions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Facebook page 'IVG : Vous hésitez ? Venez en parler !' specifically targeted minors aged 13 to 17 with 50 advertisements, nearly half of which contained shocking content involving topics such as rape.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"YouTube's recommendation algorithms frequently suggested anti-abortion, shocking, and misleading content to users who had not previously viewed such material, including minors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Instagram Reels recommended dissuasive content to users, with one-fifth of the most recommended abortion-related Reels containing misleading information; many recommended accounts were linked to the 'tradwife' movement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-abortion networks in France are supported by a broad ecosystem of online communities, including the far-right, religious groups, and those opposed to LGBTQ+ rights and surrogacy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report found that platforms fail to apply their policies consistently, particularly for non-English content, and that YouTube often omitted required information panels on anti-abortion videos.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Some anti-abortion content promotes dangerous, scientifically unproven medical procedures, such as taking progesterone to reverse the effects of a medical abortion ('abortion pill reversal').","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000118#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States","Poland","Hungary"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"isdglo-000120","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000120","title":"Networks of Dissuasion","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Networks-of-Dissuasion-Mapping-Online-Attacks-on-Reproductive-Rights-in-FR.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes anti-abortion activity across Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and X in France from May 2022 to June 2023. It finds that anti-abortion mobilization relies heavily on 'dissuasive content'—including unverified testimonials and graphic imagery—and misinformation about abortion procedures. The research highlights a strong intersection between anti-abortion actors and far-right, anti-LGBTQ+, and religious communities. It specifically identifies the role of algorithmic recommendations on YouTube and Instagram Reels in serving harmful content to users, including minors, and documents the monetization of this content through Meta ads, with one page alone spending over €40,000 to reach millions of impressions, including targeting 13- to 17-year-olds with distressing imagery.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Anti-abortion mobilization in France primarily utilizes misinformation, misleading claims about abortion procedures, and 'dissuasive content' designed to discourage users from seeking care. This includes misrepresenting the suffering of the foetus, side effects for women, and the abortion process itself.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-abortion networks are closely interlinked with other ideological groups, with far-right accounts representing the largest community involved in amplifying this content. Other connected groups include anti-surrogacy, anti-LGBTQ+, and anti-trans advocacy organizations, as well as certain Christian and royalist actors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Meta generated an estimated €43,750 from 199 anti-abortion Facebook ads between May 2022 and June 2023, resulting in 9.4 million impressions. The page 'IVG Vous Hésitez' was the primary advertiser, spending an average of €40,033.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-abortion advertising on Facebook specifically targeted minors; 50 ads reached 13- to 17-year-olds, and 24 of those contained graphic or emotionally distressing content, including discussions of sexual assault.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"YouTube's recommendation algorithms served misinformative, graphic, and dissuasive content to all tested profiles, including a minor who had not previously watched anti-abortion content. The report also found that YouTube's promised 'informational panels' for abortion-related videos were rarely applied in practice.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Instagram Reels recommended dissuasive or misleading content to users in one-fifth of the analyzed home feed posts. The algorithm also recommended 'tradwife' accounts that promote traditional gender roles and have links to far-right ideology.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-abortion actors on X (formerly Twitter) weaponized the debate over entrenching abortion rights in the French constitution and spread misinformation that mischaracterizes World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Some anti-abortion pages use deceptive tactics to appear neutral or pro-choice, such as using pro-choice hashtags and misleading titles, while actually promoting anti-abortion views. This may violate French law regarding 'obstruction to abortion'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identified the promotion of 'abortion pill reversal'—a scientifically unproven and harmful procedure—through Meta ads and YouTube videos, noting that platforms failed to remove this medical misinformation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000120#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States","Poland","Hungary","Paris"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["social media network analysis","algorithmic audit","ad library analysis","qualitative content analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000128","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000128","title":"US Online Domestic Violent Extremism Monitor: Bi-Monthly Data Snapshot of Cross-Platform Social Media Activity August-September 2024","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Online-Domestic-Violent-Extremism-Monitor.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes over 2.4 million messages from approximately 1,000 US-linked DVE accounts. It finds that while Telegram was the most active platform by volume, X generated the highest engagement. Racially and Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremists (REMVE) were the most active group, but Anti-Government & Anti-Authority Violent Extremists (AGAAVE) drove the most engagement. Key narratives centered on targeted hate, elections, and religion. The report highlights specific spikes in anti-migrant hate regarding Haitian migrants in Springfield, Ohio, and reactions to the arrest of Telegram CEO Pavel Durov.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Across a dataset of over 2.4 million messages from nine platforms, Telegram was the most active platform by volume, while X hosted the highest number of active DVE accounts and generated the most engagement, with over 40 million likes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Racially and Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremist (REMVE) accounts were the most active, accounting for 35% of total posting activity. However, Anti-Government & Anti-Authority Violent Extremist (AGAAVE) accounts generated the most engagement, constituting nearly 74% of views across all threat categories.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Targeted hate was the most common theme in DVE messages (51% of classified messages). 4chan's /pol/ board had the highest proportion of anti-Semitic language, with one-third of a filtered sample of US users' messages being overtly anti-Semitic. Anti-LGBTQ+ sentiment was the most common form of hate on YouTube and Telegram.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Domestic activity saw a sharp increase in anti-migrant hate in early September 2024, specifically targeting Haitian migrants in Springfield, Ohio, following claims that they were eating pets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The arrest of Telegram CEO Pavel Durov in France on August 24, 2024, prompted US DVEs to claim free speech was under attack and led some neo-Nazi accelerationist accounts to recommend SimpleX as a secure alternative.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000128#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Springfield","Ohio","France","Israel","Russia","United Kingdom","Ukraine","People's Republic of China","California","Illinois","Texas","New York","Florida"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["social media monitoring","threat actor analysis","semantic mapping","hate speech classification"]},{"id":"isdglo-000129","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000129","title":"Online Gendered Abuse and Disinformation During the 2024 South African Elections","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Online-Gendered-Abuse-and-Disinformation-During-the-2024-South-African-Elections.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that women in South African politics face significant online abuse, particularly on TikTok and X, often targeting their physical appearance, age, and intelligence. While South Africa possesses a comprehensive legal framework to combat gender-based violence, enforcement is weak. Social media platforms are criticized for inadequate moderation of non-English content and a lack of transparency in their enforcement processes. The report recommends that the South African government integrate OGBV into the remit of the National Council on Gender-Based Violence and Femicide and that platforms expand multilingual moderation to cover all 12 official languages.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Online gender-based violence (OGBV) against South African women in politics is most prevalent in public online spaces, specifically within replies and comment sections.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Misogynistic actors frequently target women's physical attributes, age, and perceived intelligence to delegitimize their leadership and promote stereotypes that women are unfit for power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"TikTok fails to restrict or block abusive content written in non-English South African vernacular, even when equivalent terms in English are banned.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While South Africa's legal frameworks regarding elections and gender-based violence are considered progressive and comprehensive, there are significant failures in their implementation and enforcement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social media platforms X and TikTok have policies that should protect women, but they do not sufficiently enforce them, particularly in comment sections and for non-English language content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Analysis of X posts showed a high concentration of abuse targeting women affiliated with the African National Congress (ANC), potentially linked to anti-incumbency sentiment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A manual review of high-profile women's Facebook profiles found a lack of OGBV in public comments, though experts suggest abuse often occurs in private circles and is later screenshotted to other platforms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies a lack of platform transparency and data access, which hinders the ability of independent researchers to track the scale of OGBV and the effectiveness of moderation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000129#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["qualitative analysis","quantitative analysis","policy review","case studies"]},{"id":"isdglo-000130","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000130","title":"Online Safety and the Regulation of Gaming Platforms and Services","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Online-Safety-and-the-Regulation-of-Gaming-Platforms-and-Services.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines how the global gaming industry's social features and design vulnerabilities are exploited by extremist and malign actors. It analyzes the applicability of major regulations like the EU's Digital Services Act and the UK's Online Safety Act to gaming companies and recommends increased data transparency, consistent policy enforcement, and 'Safety by Design' principles to mitigate harms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Hate and harassment are pervasive in online gaming, with a 2023 ADL survey indicating that 48 percent of women gamers reported targeting based on their gender, and 70 percent of Jewish-American adults reported harassment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Extremist groups utilize gaming platforms for recruitment and radicalization, often using less-moderated in-game chats to identify sympathetic individuals through discriminatory jokes before moving them to private settings.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) in gaming involves tactics such as reframing reality using game imagery, interactive propaganda, and psychographic targeting to influence target groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Specific design vulnerabilities in games, such as user-generated 'mods' and 'skins', are exploited to create extremist propaganda or simulate hateful environments, such as Nazi concentration camps in Roblox and Minecraft.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EU's Digital Services Act (DSA) applies a tiered system of obligations to gaming services based on their function (intermediary, hosting, or platform) and size, though the European Commission has noted uncertainty regarding how specific games are categorized.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The UK's Online Safety Act (2023) classifies gaming platforms that enable user-to-user interaction as 'U2U' services, mandating duties of care to protect users, especially children, from illegal and harmful content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Australia's Online Safety Act (2021) includes 'relevant electronic services' such as online gaming platforms and establishes Basic Online Safety Expectations (BOSE) for industry transparency and accountability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the US, the proposed Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA) suggests a duty of care for platforms used by minors, though a 2024 House version would limit these requirements to 'high impact online companies' with at least $2.5 billion USD in annual revenue or 150 million monthly active users.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EU's Terrorist Content Online (TCO) Regulation requires Hosting Service Providers to remove terrorist content within one hour of receiving a removal order from Member State authorities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a critical lack of data access for independent researchers, as many gaming companies are reluctant to share in-game communication data, hindering the ability to systematically track extremist activity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000130#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Sweden","Lebanon","Singapore","California"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","threat assessment","regulatory review"]},{"id":"isdglo-000138","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000138","title":"Investigation 4 Spanish-Language News Consumers","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Pulling-Back-the-Curtain-Spanish-Language-News-Consumers.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while YouTube's algorithm primarily recommends Spanish-language news to both mainstream and fringe users, it serves conspiracy content to those who seek it at a lower rate than it serves lifestyle vlogger content to mainstream users. However, the fringe account received significantly more advertisements for Facebook and education, and a small number of recommendations related to weapons and military content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The majority of recommended videos for both the mainstream and fringe accounts were aligned with their primary interest in Spanish-language news content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The algorithm recommended conspiracy videos to the fringe profile that had viewed such content, but at a lower rate than the mainstream profile was recommended its secondary interest of vlogger content. Specifically, 10% of videos recommended more than once to the fringe account were conspiracy-related, compared to over 30% of vlogger-related recommendations for the mainstream account.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The fringe account received a small number of recommendations for weapons and military content, including one video on handguns and one on military airplanes, which the authors describe as a concerning trend.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Advertisements differed substantially between the two profiles; the fringe account was served twice as many education ads (specifically data science and coding) and significantly more ads for Facebook than the mainstream account.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The mainstream account was recommended significantly more videos related to religion, specifically evangelical Christianity, though the reason for this is unclear.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The mainstream account received a higher total volume of recommendations, with 595 total videos and 12 ads, while the fringe account received 482 total videos and 24 ads.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000138#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["algorithmic audit","comparative analysis"]},{"id":"isdglo-000139","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000139","title":"Investigation 1 Teenage Gamer Personas","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Pulling-Back-the-Curtain-Teenage-Gamers.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The investigation found that while gaming content dominated recommendations, YouTube's algorithm served teenage personas videos containing sexually explicit 'sex mods' in Minecraft, themes of suicide, and adult entertainment without age restrictions. Despite identical viewing habits, the male and female accounts received different numbers of videos and ads, though the report concludes that these differences are likely driven by unknown algorithmic decisions rather than gender alone, except in specific targeted advertising.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"YouTube's recommendation algorithm served teenage users gaming content that included sexually explicit material and references to suicide, specifically citing Minecraft videos featuring \"sex mods\" and imagery of suicide.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The personas were recommended adult entertainment and content glorifying weapons without YouTube providing content warnings or age restrictions. This included TV-MA rated shows like South Park, Family Guy, and American Dad, as well as videos on guns and ballistics from channels such as Demolition Ranch and Kentucky Ballistics.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There were significant discrepancies in the recommendations provided to the male and female accounts despite them watching identical content. Over 50% of the videos recommended to each account were unique to that account, and the male persona received 22 more total video recommendations than the female persona.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While some differences in ad content appeared gendered—such as the female account seeing ads for hair extensions and workout clothes while the male account saw an ad for the US Border Guard—the report suggests that overall recommendation differences are driven by unknown algorithmic factors rather than gender alone.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Both accounts were recommended Christian-themed religious content, including sermons and livestreams from a Pentecostal mega-church, despite neither persona having previously engaged with or searched for religious content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000139#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]}]}