{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"geography":["Mokoloki"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'Mokoloki' for facet 'geography' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":5,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?geography=Mokoloki","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"rmi-000230","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000230","title":"Sharing the Power: Nigerian Community Takes Charge of Their Energy Development","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2024-02-07","source_url":"https://rmi.org/resources/sharing-the-power-nigerian-community-takes-charge-of-their-energy-development/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The 'Sharing the Power' project, supported by the Dutch Postcode Lottery and implemented by RMI and Nayo Tropical Technology Ltd., has upgraded a solar minigrid in Mokoloki, Ogun State, Nigeria. The project addresses capacity shortfalls caused by a 60 percent population increase and rising diesel costs by increasing battery capacity from 190 kWh to 316 kWh and switching to a DC coupled system. Central to the model is 'inclusive energy governance,' where the Mokoloki community holds an 11 percent stake in the project, granting them voting rights through a Community Power Association (CPA) and 11 percent of net revenues to fund communal projects such as roads, schools, and health centers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The installation of a solar minigrid in Mokoloki led to a 60 percent increase in the town's population, growing from 250 households to an estimated 400, which subsequently strained the system's capacity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Mokoloki minigrid faced sustainability challenges due to the lack of a national grid connection and a sharp rise in diesel fuel prices, which increased from \u0010225/liter (US$0.25/liter) in March 2020 to \u00101,050/liter (US$1.18/liter) in October 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To improve reliability and reduce diesel reliance, the system's battery capacity was upgraded from 190 kWh to 316 kWh and the architecture was changed from an AC coupled system to a DC coupled system.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Sharing the Power' model implements 'inclusive energy governance' through five principles: community co-ownership, inclusive governance structures, benefit sharing, gender equity and social inclusion, and safeguards for community investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Mokoloki, the community holds an 11 percent stake in the minigrid, which entitles them to 11 percent of revenues after operational costs and a vote in key decisions via a Community Power Association (CPA).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Reliable electricity from the minigrid has enabled local businesses to scale, allowed the Mokoloki Health Centre to store vaccinations and medications, and permitted schools to provide computer training.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000230#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy access","battery energy storage system","energy efficiency","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Ogun State","Ofada","Owode"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]},{"id":"rmi-000781","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000781","title":"Nigeria’s First Commercial Undergrid Minigrid","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-02","source_url":"https://rmi.org/app/uploads/2022/03/mokoloki_anniversary_report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Mokoloki undergrid minigrid project in Ogun State, Nigeria, has demonstrated the feasibility of providing reliable solar power to communities that are connected to the national grid but suffer from unreliable supply. Through a tripartite partnership between the Mokoloki community, Nayo Tropical Technology, and the Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC), the project has achieved 100% collection rates and doubled its revenue within 18 months. The system, comprising 100 kWp solar PV and battery storage, has significantly improved energy reliability compared to the previous utility service and is driving local economic growth by supporting productive uses of electricity for commercial customers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Mokoloki undergrid minigrid has proven financially viable, with revenue doubling within the first 18 months of operation. The project's average revenue per user is twice that of a comparable off-grid site in Nigeria, supporting the hypothesis that undergrid minigrids benefit from the more robust economic activity found in peri-urban areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project has significantly improved energy reliability for the community. While the Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC) previously provided only four to five hours of electricity per day, the minigrid has never experienced an outage lasting five hours.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Commercial customers are critical to the minigrid's financial sustainability; although they represent only about 9% of the total customer base, they contribute 45% of the total revenue. This reliable power has enabled businesses such as welders, bakers, and mills to prosper and has attracted new businesses to the area.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project utilizes a tripartite agreement between the community, the minigrid operator (Nayo Tropical Technology), and the distribution utility (IBEDC). This arrangement benefits IBEDC by eliminating financial and technical losses associated with serving the community and providing the utility with fixed annual payments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Technical specifications of the minigrid include 100 kWp solar PV, 194 kWh battery storage, and an 88 kW diesel backup generator, generating an average of over 5,500 kWh of solar energy per month. Operating costs during the first 15 months were approximately one-third of total revenue.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000781#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["photovoltaics","battery energy storage system","Mini-grids","distributed generation","transition finance","energy access"],"geography_discussed":["Oyo State","Osun State","Kwara State","Niger State","Ekiti State","Kogi State","India"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","performance assessment"]},{"id":"rmi-000680","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000680","title":"Improving Reliability for Underserved Communities","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2020-08-14","source_url":"https://rmi.org/resources/improving-reliability-for-underserved-communities/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The policy brief examines a pilot project in Mokoloki, Nigeria, where a privately owned solar minigrid shares existing distribution infrastructure with a utility to provide reliable power to 'undergrid' customers. It proposes that India, which faces similar challenges with high technical and commercial losses (up to 40%) and unreliable rural supply, could adopt this model to enhance last-mile service and financial viability for distribution companies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000680#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 'undergrid minigrid' model in Mokoloki, Nigeria, allows a private solar minigrid developer to serve customers within a distribution company's territory by sharing existing distribution infrastructure in exchange for a small usage fee, rather than building redundant networks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000680#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rural electrification in India and Nigeria faces significant reliability and financial hurdles; in India, distribution companies report aggregate technical and commercial losses of up to 40%, with approximately US$13 billion of electricity service remaining unbilled annually.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000680#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Evidence from the Mokoloki pilot indicates that customers are willing to pay two to five times more than standard grid tariffs for electricity that is clean, reliable, and provides stable voltage and good customer support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000680#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"For the undergrid model to be successful in India, the document suggests that state or national regulations must eliminate redundant networks and clearly define the mechanisms for minigrids to use existing distribution networks and trade power with the grid.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000680#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["distributed generation","rural electrification","electricity distribution","energy access","Utility business model","Power system reliability"],"geography_discussed":["Mokoloki","Uttar Pradesh","Madhya Pradesh","Odisha"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"rmi-000433","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000433","title":"Boosting Community Resilience by Building Nigeria’s First Solar- and Battery-Powered Undergrid Minigrid","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2020-07-21","source_url":"https://rmi.org/resources/community-resilience-through-nigerias-first-undergrid-minigrid/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Mokoloki project demonstrates a new 'undergrid' business model where a private developer, Nayo Tropical Technologies, provides reliable electricity to a community within the territory of the Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC). The pilot has achieved 99.9 percent reliability, reduced energy costs for customers by ₦20/kWh, and decreased utility losses in the area by over 90 percent. The project supports local healthcare through 24/7 power for clinics and stimulates economic growth by powering small businesses and attracting new enterprises.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000433#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Mokoloki undergrid minigrid pilot has demonstrated high technical and economic performance, achieving 99.9 percent reliability and reducing the average cost of energy for customers by ₦20/kWh ($0.06/kWh). Additionally, the model reduced the Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company's (IBEDC) losses in the community by more than 90 percent.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000433#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project utilizes a 'undergrid' business model based on a ten-year cooperative tripartite agreement between the utility (IBEDC), a private developer (Nayo Tropical Technologies), and community leaders. In this model, the private developer finances the generation assets and distribution upgrades to serve a community that is technically 'grid connected' but suffers from minimal service availability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000433#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Reliable electricity has improved community resilience and local services in Mokoloki, specifically by providing 24/7 power to the health clinic for vaccine refrigeration and lighting. It has also fostered economic development by powering water purification, metalworks, a bakery, and a hotel, while attracting interest from new businesses such as Green Farms and Mokoloki Millers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000433#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Lessons from the pilot indicate that extensive community engagement and the development of trust between the utility and the private developer were critical for success. The project also found that distribution infrastructure upgrades were more extensive than expected due to the poor condition of existing poles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000433#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["solar energy","battery energy storage system","Mini-grids","distributed generation","energy access","Resilience (power system)","rural electrification","Utility business model"],"geography_discussed":["Gbamu Gbamu","Uganda"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]},{"id":"rmi-000782","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000782","title":"Nigeria's First Commercial Undergrid Minigrid","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2020-07","source_url":"https://rmi.org/app/uploads/2020/07/Mokoloki_Project_Summary.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Mokoloki project, launched in February 2020, serves as a proof-of-concept for an 'undergrid' model in Nigeria, where a solar hybrid minigrid replaces a weak grid connection through a tripartite agreement between a utility, a developer, and the community. The project has demonstrated technical reliability of 99.9% and provided economic benefits, including reduced electricity costs for customers and lower technical and commercial losses for the utility. It utilizes an operator-led business model where the developer manages generation and operations while paying a fixed monthly distribution usage fee to the utility.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000782#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Mokoloki undergrid minigrid project achieved several economic and environmental outcomes in its first three months of operation: it reduced customer electricity costs by ₦20/kWh ($0.06/kWh), avoided approximately 15,000 kg of CO2 emissions, and created cost savings for the utility by reducing aggregate technical and commercial losses that had previously reached up to 70 percent in the area.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000782#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project serves as a successful implementation of a tripartite contract enabled by Nigeria's Mini Grid Regulation, proving the undergrid model is both technically and economically feasible. However, the partners noted that the contract negotiations were complex and suggested the need for a streamlined process and a standard template for future replications.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000782#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The technical infrastructure consists of a scalable solar hybrid system with 100 kW solar PV, 192 kWh battery, and 88 kW diesel backup, achieving a reported reliability of 99.9 percent. Within three months, the system connected 230 residential, 48 commercial, 11 public, and 1 anchor customer.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000782#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project employs an operator-led business model where the developer (Nayo Tech) owns the generation assets and manages metering, billing, and maintenance, while the utility (IBEDC) owns the distribution assets. The developer pays the utility a fixed monthly distribution usage fee to ensure predictable revenue for the utility.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000782#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["photovoltaics","distributed generation","renewable energy","energy access","greenhouse gas emissions reduction"],"geography_discussed":["Oyo State","Osun State","Kwara State","Niger State","Ekiti State","Kogi State"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]}]}