{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"geography":["Leeds City Region"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'Leeds City Region' for facet 'geography' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":3,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?geography=Leeds+City+Region","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-001539","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001539","title":"FACT SHEET Software name: Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP)","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2008","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Climate/reap.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) is a software tool developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) to track the environmental consequences of economic activity by analyzing consumption patterns across various spatial scales. It calculates ecological, carbon, and greenhouse gas footprints by combining consumption data with production impacts throughout the supply chain. In the UK, REAP has been applied in over 50 projects, including evaluating regional strategies and creating footprint reduction roadmaps. The tool emphasizes a lifecycle approach, highlighting that consumption-based emissions can exceed production-based emissions due to trade balances, as seen in the UK and Sweden.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"REAP is a software tool used to calculate and monitor ecological, carbon, and greenhouse gas (GHG) footprints for populations at local authority, regional, and national levels in the UK by combining consumption data with production impacts across the entire supply chain.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The software utilizes a scenario editor to assess the potential environmental impacts of policies in sectors such as energy, transport, food, housing, and planning, allowing users to test specific interventions like sustainable home codes or fuel efficiency improvements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Lifecycle analysis reveals that consumption-based emissions are often higher than production-based emissions in developed economies due to imports; specifically, UK consumption emissions were 21% higher than production emissions, and Swedish consumer emissions were 17% higher than producer emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Since its February 2006 launch in the UK, REAP has been used in over 50 projects, with approximately 20 local authorities integrating it into their policy processes and over two-thirds of all UK local authorities utilizing its footprint data.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"REAP has been applied to specific UK regional policy tasks, including evaluating strategies in the West Midlands and Yorkshire and Humber, creating reduction roadmaps for Wales and the South East, and assessing housing policies in the Leeds City Region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001539#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","carbon footprint","energy efficiency","transport policy"],"geography_discussed":["Sweden","Yorkshire and the Humber","West Midlands","South East England","Wales","Tees Valley","Greater Nottingham","Leeds City Region","Europe","Thailand","People's Republic of China","Canada","Australia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["software description","policy impact assessment"]},{"id":"sei-001583","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001583","title":"Carbon Footprint of Housing in the Leeds City Region – A Best Practice Scenario Analysis","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2008","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/sei-2008-wp-leeds-best-practice.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies that the Leeds City Region must reduce housing-related CO2e emissions by 38 million tonnes by 2026 to align with national 2050 targets. The most impactful measure is the major retrofit of existing homes, which could provide 53.2% of the required reduction. Other essential measures include behavioural change (22%), low and zero carbon technologies (12.4%), and stricter new build standards (9%). The study concludes that a combination of these measures, supplemented by either external wall insulation, additional LZC installations, or selective demolition and rebuild of inefficient properties, is necessary to meet the target.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To remain on track for an 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050, the housing sector in the Leeds City Region needs to reduce its total carbon dioxide emissions by 38 million tonnes between 2010 and 2026.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Retrofitting existing homes is the most effective single measure for carbon reduction, potentially delivering 53.2% of the 38 million tonne target. This involves providing loft insulation to 90% of homes, cavity wall insulation to 95% of eligible homes, energy-saving light bulbs to 90% of homes, and condensing boilers to 90% of gas-heated homes by 2026.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Behavioural change, driven by educational campaigns and incentives like smart metering to achieve an annual energy consumption reduction of 0.6%, is estimated to contribute 22% (8.3 million tonnes) toward the reduction target.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The installation of Low and Zero Carbon (LZC) technologies in 35% of the existing housing stock (approximately 500,000 installations by 2026) would provide a 12.4% reduction, totaling 4.7 million tonnes of CO2e.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ensuring all new homes comply with the Code for Sustainable Homes timetable—reaching 'zero carbon' by 2016—would contribute 9% (3.5 million tonnes) to the required reduction.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A combination of the essential measures (retrofit, behavioural change, LZCs, and new build standards) would leave a shortfall of 1.3 million tonnes. This can be met by one of three optional measures: fitting external wall insulation to 90,000 properties, installing LZC technology in an additional 170,000 homes, or the energy-efficient rebuild of 51,000 poorly performing properties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Under a 'Continuing Trends' scenario, where historical trends in energy efficiency and population growth persist, total CO2e emissions from housing in the Leeds City Region are projected to increase by 7% to 16% between 2007 and 2026.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001583#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon footprint","energy efficiency","residential building","Building retrofit","greenhouse gas emissions","photovoltaics"],"geography_discussed":["United Kingdom","Yorkshire and the Humber","Harrogate","Kirklees","Calderdale","Leeds","Bradford","Barnsley","York","Craven","Selby","Wakefield","Germany","Sweden"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario analysis","carbon accounting"]},{"id":"sei-001996","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001996","title":"USING REAP FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LEEDS CITY REGION RSS HOUSING POLICY","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Future/using_reap_environmental_assessment_leeds.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report uses the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) to model 15 housing policy scenarios for the Leeds City Region between 2003 and 2026. It finds that a 'business as usual' approach based on the draft Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) would lead to an 8% increase in CO2 emissions from housing by 2026. Retrofitting existing housing stock is identified as the most effective single measure for reducing emissions, with potential net savings between 19% and 39% compared to the baseline. The most significant reductions are achieved through combined scenarios involving energy efficiency improvements, renewable energy targets, and increased demolition rates, which can save up to 43 mt of CO2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Under a \"business as usual\" scenario aligned with the draft Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS), carbon dioxide emissions from housing in the Leeds City Region are projected to increase by 8% by 2026 compared to 2003 levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Retrofitting existing housing stock is the most critical policy for reducing CO2 emissions on both a per-household and long-term overall basis, offering potential net carbon savings of 19% to 39% over the business as usual scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Combined policy scenarios—integrating regulatory efficiency improvements, increased renewables, faster adoption of \"Ecohomes excellent\" standards, and retrofit measures—can achieve \"Factor 2\" energy reductions and save up to 43 mt of CO2 compared to the baseline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The \"aspirational\" combined scenario (E1) is projected to result in total carbon dioxide emissions from housing in 2026 that are 50% lower than in 2003, with emissions per household decreasing by 56%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In 2003, housing accounted for 23% of the total carbon dioxide emissions and 19% of the total Ecological Footprint attributed to the Leeds City Region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report notes that while the draft RSS emphasizes climate change as a core strategic approach, the specific housing component of the RSS does not directly address climate change, global sustainability, or policies to reduce emissions and energy use.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001996#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon dioxide emissions","energy efficiency","Building retrofit","renewable energy","sustainable development"],"geography_discussed":["Yorkshire and the Humber","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario modelling","environmental assessment"]}]}