{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"geography":["Chad"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":367,"relation":"eq"},"page":19,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?geography=Chad&page=19","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"saiia-001491","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/saiia-001491","title":"Microsoft Word - France country report.doc","publisher":{"name":"South African Institute of International Affairs","organization":"south-african-institute-of-international-affairs"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/euaf_rep_france_country_report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details France's transition from a neo-colonial 'policeman' of francophone Africa to a more diversified continental strategy that prioritizes economic interests and partnerships with non-franc zone powers like South Africa. It examines the shift from direct military intervention to supporting African-owned peacekeeping, the contradictions in French development aid versus its Common Agricultural Policy, and the growth of bilateral trade and investment between France and South Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"France shifted its African policy from 1997 onwards to be 'resolutely continental', moving away from unilateral intervention in internal affairs toward supporting African-owned processes and indirect assistance, such as the Reinforcement of African Capacity to Maintain Peace (RECAMP) programmes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"France's economic engagement has diversified beyond the franc zone; by 1994, total trade with non-franc zone countries—specifically South Africa, Nigeria, Mauritius, and Madagascar (FF 22 billion)—exceeded trade with franc zone countries like Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Gabon, and Senegal (FF 17 billion).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant contradiction in France's development approach: while it advocates for developing countries in international forums and provides official development assistance (ODA), it maintains the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), which discriminates against agricultural producers in developing countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Bilateral trade between France and South Africa grew by 455.6% between 1994 and 2003, with France rising from South Africa's 14th to its 6th largest trading partner, reaching a total of R20,625.09 million.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"France has positioned itself as a champion of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), focusing its contributions on infrastructure, water, sanitation, and the fulfillment of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly access to medicines and education in French-speaking Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"France's military presence in Africa decreased from 8,000 troops between 1997 and 2002 to 5,600, concentrating forces in five specific areas: Abidjan, Dakar, Djibouti, Libreville, and N’Djamena.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001491#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["agricultural subsidy","trade policy"],"geography_discussed":["South Africa","Ivory Coast","Gabon","Zaire","Chad","Rwanda","Angola","Nigeria","Ethiopia","Senegal","Mali","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Central African Republic","Djibouti"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","historical overview","economic assessment"]},{"id":"saiia-001930","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/saiia-001930","title":"Indian Foreign Policy and Africa: Continuity and Change","publisher":{"name":"South African Institute of International Affairs","organization":"south-african-institute-of-international-affairs"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/saiia_conf_indian_foreign_policy_and_africa_saiia_ruchitaberi_20101005.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the shift in India's Africa policy from Cold War-era support for anti-colonial and anti-apartheid struggles to a modern approach centered on economic diplomacy and energy security. While India seeks to secure crude oil and LNG to fuel its projected economic growth, the author argues that its engagement remains 'development friendly' and 'Third Worldist,' evidenced by diversified trade, capacity-building initiatives, and multilateral cooperation through forums like IBSA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"India's foreign policy toward Africa has transitioned from a primary focus on supporting national liberation movements and anti-apartheid struggles during the Cold War to a strategy of economic diplomacy in the post-cold war era.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Energy security is a central pillar of India's current pragmatic diplomacy due to projected economic growth of 8 to 10 percent over the next two decades and a lack of domestic petroleum resources, leading India to expect to be the largest energy consumer after the US and China by 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"India's engagement with Africa is not solely driven by energy interests; trade has diversified significantly, growing from approximately $1 billion in 1990-1991 to $36 billion in 2008-09, with ores and metals making up 61% of African exports to India.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"India employs a 'soft approach' to capacity building and development in Africa, including providing nearly $2 billion in lines of credit and training over 100 officials annually from Sub Saharan Africa via the ITEC programme.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"India utilizes trilateral and multilateral partnerships, such as the India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) Dialogue Forum established in June 2003, to enhance South-South cooperation and gain strategic legitimacy for a seat on the UN Security Council.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001930#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy security","sustainable development","South–South cooperation","food security"],"geography_discussed":["Sudan","Nigeria","Ivory Coast","Libya","Egypt","Sao- Tome Principe","Gabon","South Africa","Tanzania","Kenya","Angola","Burkina Faso","Chad","D R Congo","Djibouti","Ethiopia","The Gambia","Ghana","Mali","Mauritius","Mozambique","Rwanda","Senegal","Brazil"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["foreign policy analysis","economic analysis"]},{"id":"seforall-000377","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/seforall-000377","title":"women_empowerment_sustainable_energy_0-d033fdbdfe99ce73.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Sustainable Energy for All","organization":"sustainable-energy-for-all"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.seforall.org/system/files/gather-content/Women_Empowerment_Sustainable_Energy_0.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates the extent to which gender considerations are embedded in national energy policies and the corporate practices of energy companies. It utilizes a scoring system to analyze female participation, economic empowerment, education, and labor rights across different income levels and energy sectors, including renewable energy, energy efficiency, and electrification.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000377#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Analysis of 192 national energy frameworks from 137 countries revealed that only one third of these frameworks included some form of gender considerations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000377#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A review of 67 SEforALL country action process documents showed a higher rate of gender integration, with 84% (56 documents) including gender considerations to some extent.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000377#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report provides a detailed comparative analysis of gender indicators across countries, showing varying levels of success in categories such as 'Female Participation & Representation', 'Women's Economic Empowerment', and 'Education & Awareness Raising'. For example, in the 'Energy Efficiency' category, Canada and France scored 100 for 'Education & Awareness Raising', while Germany scored 0 for 'Income level'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000377#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The document tracks the targeted share of women in management across companies of different sizes; for companies with assets above 100 billion, 100% have policies, whereas for those with assets less than 4 billion, only 27% have such policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000377#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["gender equality","renewable energy","energy efficiency","electrification","clean cooking","energy policy"],"geography_discussed":["Australia","Brazil","Canada","People's Republic of China","France","Germany","India","Italy","Japan","Korea, Rep.","Nigeria","Russia","Saudi Arabia","South Africa","Thailand","United Kingdom","United States","Angola","Bangladesh","Burkina Faso","Chad","Congo, Dem. Rep.","Ethiopia","Kenya","Malawi","Mali","Mozambique","Myanmar","South Sudan","Sudan","Tanzania","Uganda","Afghanistan","Ghana","Pakistan","Philippines"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","corporate benchmarking","comparative study"]},{"id":"sei-001199","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001199","title":"CONTRIBUTION DETERMINEE AU NIVEAU NATIONALE - TCHAD","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5211.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Chad's updated NDC aims for a 19.3% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to a business-as-usual scenario, primarily through energy efficiency and reforestation. The plan identifies agriculture as the dominant emission source (95%) and emphasizes extreme vulnerability to droughts and floods. Implementation requires an estimated 6.7 billion USD for mitigation and between 5 and 14 billion USD for adaptation, with a heavy reliance on international financial support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Chad aims to reduce its cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 88,350 kt CO2eq by 2030, representing a global mitigation objective of 19.3% compared to the reference scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agriculture is the primary source of GHG emissions in Chad, accounting for approximately 95% of the total emissions in 2018, with livestock activities contributing 79% of the sector's emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The investment required to implement the NDC's mitigation actions is estimated at 6,700.2 million USD, with 94% of this amount (6,285.4 million USD) dependent on international financial support under the conditional scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Adaptation funding needs are estimated using a top-down approach at 3% of GDP, projecting costs of over 375 million USD in 2021, rising to 645 million USD annually by 2030, for a total period cost of over 5.002 billion USD.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Chad is identified as one of the most climate-vulnerable countries globally, characterized as a climate 'hotspot' and ranked as the most endangered among 186 evaluated countries in a climate vulnerability study.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The conditional mitigation scenario relies heavily on the energy sector and carbon sinks, including the construction of solar plants (totaling 640 MW by 2030), wind power (100 MW), and a commitment to reforest 5 million hectares by 2030 under the Bonn Challenge.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate projections for Chad indicate a likely temperature increase of 1°C to 1.5°C by 2030 depending on the scenario, while precipitation is projected to increase by 10% to 20%, particularly in northern regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender inequality is a significant factor in climate vulnerability in Chad, as women have unequal access to education and land, and their role in ecological management is often unrecognized.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001199#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","climate finance","climate change adaptation","climate change mitigation","reforestation","solar energy","wind power","bioenergy","energy efficiency","agroforestry","climate change vulnerability","nature-based solutions","waste management","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["Sahel","Cameroon","Central African Republic","Niger","Nigeria","Sudan","Libya"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy document","strategic plan","emission inventory"]},{"id":"wwatt-000116","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwatt-000116","title":"Climate change exacerbated heavy rainfall leading to large scale flooding in highly vulnerable communities in West Africa","publisher":{"name":"World Weather Attribution","organization":"world-weather-attribution"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Nigeriafloods_scientific-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report attributes the 2022 West African floods to a combination of anthropogenic climate change, which significantly increased the likelihood and intensity of rainfall in the Lake Chad and Lower Niger basins, and systemic vulnerabilities including poor water management, rapid unplanned urbanization, and socioeconomic instability. In the Lake Chad region, climate change made the seasonal rainfall event approximately 80 times more likely and 20% more intense. In the Lower Niger basin, the 7-day maximum rainfall event became about twice as likely and 5% more intense. The human toll was exacerbated by the release of the Lagdo Dam in Cameroon and the proximity of settlements to floodplains.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Climate change made the 2022 seasonal rainfall over the Lake Chad region approximately 80 times more likely and roughly 20% more intense.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"For the 7-day maximum rainfall over the lower Niger Basin, climate change increased the likelihood of the event by about twofold and the intensity by approximately 5%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 2022 flooding was influenced by the release of the Lagdo Dam in Cameroon, which is part of a river management system that lacked a planned complementary dam in Nigeria.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The floods in Nigeria and Niger were among the deadliest in their history, with Nigeria seeing 34 of 36 states affected and over 3.2 million people impacted, including 1.5 million displaced.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Chad, the 2022 floods affected over 1.1 million people, with 442,000 displaced and 22 deaths reported across 18 of 23 provinces.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Human vulnerability was intensified by high poverty rates, gender and age-based socioeconomic factors, and the construction of informal settlements on floodplains, particularly in the Niger River basin.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The floods triggered disease outbreaks, including cholera, which killed 256 people in Nigeria between January and September 2022, and later spread to the borderlands of Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate models suggest that in a world 2°C warmer than preindustrial times, rainfall intensity will increase further, though the trend may be less strong than that observed in the last 30 years due to changes in aerosol pollution and atmospheric dynamics.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 2022 events are not considered rare in the current climate, with return times of approximately 1 in 10 years for seasonal rain over the Lake Chad Basin and 1 in 5 years for the 7-day maximum over the lower Niger Basin.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000116#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["extreme rainfall","flood","anthropogenic climate change","water management","greenhouse gas emissions","climate change vulnerability","urbanization","disaster risk reduction"],"geography_discussed":["Nigeria","Niger","Chad","Cameroon","Benin","Senegal","Jigawa State"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["attribution analysis","vulnerability assessment"]},{"id":"wwatt-000126","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwatt-000126","title":"Food crisis in Central Sahel in 2022 driven by chronic vulnerability with uncertain role of climate change","publisher":{"name":"World Weather Attribution","organization":"world-weather-attribution"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/WestAfrica_Foodcrisis_Scientific-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the 2022 food crisis in the Central Sahel, which followed an erratic 2021 rainy season characterized by delayed onset and short duration. Using three observational datasets and multiple climate models, the study finds that it is impossible to significantly link these specific monsoon characteristics to anthropogenic climate change due to large uncertainties and discrepancies. Instead, the crisis is attributed to chronic vulnerabilities, including extreme poverty, armed conflict, political instability, and global economic shocks such as the war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 2022 food crisis was preceded by an erratic 2021 rainy season where sowing dates were delayed by more than 15 days between June and July 2021 in central Mali, southern Niger, central Chad, and south of Mauritania.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Severe water stress occurred in 2021, with less than 40% of crop water needs being met by 31 August 2021 in the affected regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cereal production decreased significantly in 2021, with Niger recording a 36% reduction and Burkina Faso a 10% reduction compared to the previous five-year average.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study concludes that it is impossible to establish a significant link between the 2021 monsoon season characteristics and anthropogenic climate change based on the indices and data used.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The food crisis was exacerbated by socio-economic drivers, including the war in Ukraine, COVID-19 impacts on energy and crop prices, and political unrest and terrorism causing population displacements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Armed conflict since 2011 has severely increased vulnerability, with over three million people internally displaced and over one million becoming refugees in neighboring countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global economic factors led to soaring food prices by August 2022, with maize, millet, and sorghum prices rising by up to 60% in Chad and 40% in Niger.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Humanitarian response plans for Niger and Chad remain critically underfunded, with less than half of the appeals funded.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agricultural yield losses in West Africa are increasingly linked to higher temperatures causing higher evapotranspiration and shorter crop cycles, regardless of rainfall changes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwatt-000126#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["food security","precipitation","extreme event attribution","extreme heat","crop yield","climate migration","climate change adaptation"],"geography_discussed":["Burkina Faso","Chad","Mali","Niger","Nigeria","Mauritania","Ivory Coast"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["probabilistic extreme event attribution","vulnerability assessment"]},{"id":"wwfza-000133","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwfza-000133","title":"Umlibo","publisher":{"name":"WWF South Africa","organization":"wwf-south-africa"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://wwfafrica.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf-umlibo-booklet_singles_final-web-high-res_1nov23.pdf?46623/Umlibo-Booklet","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document presents the 'Umlibo' tapestry, a 6m x 2m artwork created by 43 artists in Hamburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Through personal narratives, it details how climate change manifests as unseasonal rainfall, soil erosion, and declining marine stocks, while highlighting the role of sustainable livelihoods—such as food gardens and art—in building community resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The community of Hamburg in the Eastern Cape experiences diverse climate-related impacts, including unseasonal rainfall, unpredictable temperature and wind patterns, and a decrease in marine species and fish stocks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate change is exacerbating environmental hazards in the region, specifically increasing soil erosion following unseasonal storms and threatening the accessibility of untarred roads during extreme weather events.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Changes in weather patterns have disrupted traditional rural livelihoods, making crop planting unpredictable and causing livestock health issues such as foot rot due to increased mud from winter rains.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Marine biodiversity and local fishing livelihoods are threatened by warming oceans and changes in estuary salinity; for example, the 'swimming prawn' (Metapenaeus monoceros) has migrated elsewhere due to increased freshwater in the estuary.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate change impacts are intertwined with mental health and existing socio-economic vulnerabilities, manifesting as climate anxiety and fears regarding the safety of inadequate housing during extreme wind events.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sustainable local practices, such as community food gardens and the Keiskamma Art Project's embroidery, serve as critical adaptation strategies to improve food security and provide alternative livelihoods.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The failure of local aquaculture initiatives, such as the Siyazama Aquaculture Co-operative, highlights the vulnerability of climate-resilient infrastructure to unstable electricity supplies and increased freshwater flow from heavy rains which damages oysters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a perceived gap in community education regarding renewable energy; while wind turbines are present in the Hamburg landscape, residents report a lack of information on their benefits or how they might provide local electricity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000133#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","food security","soil erosion","extreme weather event","aquaculture","renewable energy","wind turbine","ecological restoration"],"geography_discussed":["KwaZulu-Natal","East London","Tunisia","Uganda","Ethiopia","Nigeria","Chad","Europe","Cape Town"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","community advocacy"]}]}