{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"geography":["Caribbean"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":429,"relation":"eq"},"page":18,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?geography=Caribbean&page=18","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?geography=Caribbean&page=19","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iisd-002229","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002229","title":"Sustainable Tourism in St. Lucia","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2005","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/tkn_tourism_stlucia.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates the sustainability of St. Lucia's tourism sector under trade liberalization. While tourism is a primary driver of GDP and employment, the sector suffers from high foreign exchange leakage due to foreign ownership and package tours. Environmental concerns include rising energy consumption and wastewater mismanagement, while GATS obligations are identified as potential barriers to domestic regulatory autonomy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Tourism is a critical economic pillar for St. Lucia, accounting for approximately 38 per cent of GDP and 73 per cent of total exports of goods and services.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The tourism industry in St. Lucia is highly vulnerable to external shocks, as evidenced by a 16 per cent decline in foreign exchange earnings and a 6 per cent reduction in overall GDP between 2001 and 2002 following the September 11 events.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant economic leakage occurs because foreign companies own between 55 to 60 per cent of all hotel rooms, and package-tour visitors—who increased from 35.3 per cent to 59.6 per cent between 2001 and 2003—often have their expenditures captured by operators in developed markets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The hotel sector is a major energy consumer, accounting for an average of 17 per cent of total energy consumption on the island, with consumption increasing by 29 per cent from 1999 to 2003.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While solid waste generation by the hotel sector is low (less than 3 per cent of total solid waste) and has decreased, wastewater treatment remains deficient, with plant effluent exceeding guideline values and damaging coastal ecosystems.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Tourism provides significant local employment, with the hotels and restaurants sub-sector employing an average of 10.2 per cent of the total labour force, showing a trend toward greater gender equality in employment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) may constrain St. Lucia's policy space, as Most Favoured Nation (MFN) and national treatment rules could make domestic measures—such as carrying-capacity limits or preferential credit for locals—susceptible to challenges as discriminatory trade barriers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a positive trend in strengthening linkages between tourism and agriculture to reduce import leakages, highlighted by the 2003 selection of St. Lucia as a pilot site for an Oxfam GB Market Access Initiative.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002229#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable tourism","renewable energy","waste management","biodiversity","greenhouse gas emissions","poverty reduction","environmental impact assessment"],"geography_discussed":["Caribbean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["sustainability assessment","economic analysis","policy review"]},{"id":"iai-001688","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001688","title":"Informe de la 19a Reunión del Comité Asesor Científico del IAI (SAC)","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"report","language":"es","date_published":"2003-11-28","source_url":"https://archive.iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/6_Informe_19th_SAC_for_EC_Sp.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The 19th SAC meeting focused on approving 22 proposals for the second round of the Small Grants Program (SGP-II) and designing the second round of Core Research Networks (CRN-II). The committee recommended a budget split of 80% for CRNs and 20% for smaller grants and training. Additionally, the SAC discussed the need for a full-time Program Coordinator and the implementation of Summer Institutes to address climate vulnerability and land-use change in the Americas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The SAC recommended 22 proposals for funding from the second round of the Small Grants Program (SGP-II), selected from 86 valid proposals categorized into research, workshops, and technical reports, with a total budget of US$ 600,000.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The committee proposed a budget allocation for IAI programs where 80% is dedicated to a new round of Core Research Networks (CRNs) and 20% to new groups, such as Small Grants Programs and training and education (T&E) activities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Guidelines for the second round of CRNs (CRN-II) include a maximum funding of US$ 200,000 per project, a duration of 5 years (with funding for years 4 and 5 contingent on a year 3 evaluation), and a requirement for participation from at least 4 IAI member countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SAC recommended establishing a regular annual call for the Small Grants Program (SGP), with research categories capped at US$ 30,000 and workshop/technical report categories capped at US$ 20,000, with a maximum project duration of 18 months.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The IAI conducted three Summer Institutes in 2003 covering land-use change in the Amazon, climate vulnerability in Central America and the Caribbean, and global warming mitigation, attracting participants from 17 American countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SAC strongly recommended the hiring of a full-time IAI Program Coordinator to manage all institute programs due to the associated workload.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001688#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","climate variability","climate change vulnerability","land-use change","climate change mitigation","capacity building"],"geography_discussed":["Dominican Republic","Costa Rica","Brazil","Amazon rainforest","Central America","Caribbean","Canada","United States","Cuba"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["administrative report","programmatic evaluation"]},{"id":"iai-001689","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001689","title":"Report of the 19th meeting of the IAI Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC)","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2003-11","source_url":"https://archive.iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/6_Report_19th_SAC_for_EC_Eng.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The 19th SAC meeting focused on evaluating the second round of the Small Grant Program (SGP-II), recommending 22 proposals for funding from a pool of 86. The committee discussed the closure of the first round of Collaborative Research Networks (CRNs) and established guidelines for a second round of CRNs to be launched in 2004, including a budget of up to US$200K per project and a requirement for participation from at least four IAI member countries. Additionally, the SAC reviewed the implementation of three Summer Institutes focused on land use in the Amazon, climate vulnerability in Central America and the Caribbean, and global climate change causes and mitigation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The SAC evaluated 86 valid proposals for the second round of the IAI Small Grant Program (SGP-II), which included 41 research projects, 42 workshops, and 3 technical reports. Out of a total available budget of US$ 600K, the SAC recommended 22 proposals for funding.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The committee proposed a new structure for future Small Grants Programs (SGP), suggesting an annual call with two categories: Research (up to US$ 30K) and Workshops (up to US$ 20K), the latter of which would incorporate technical reports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Guidelines were established for the second round of Collaborative Research Networks (CRN-II), including a funding cap of US$200K per project per year, a project duration of 5 years (with funding for years 4 and 5 contingent on progress), and a requirement for a minimum of 4 IAI member countries to participate.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SAC recommended that the IAI program budget be allocated as 80% for a new round of CRNs and 20% for new groups, including the Small Grants Program and Training & Education (T&E) activities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Three Summer Institutes were conducted in 2003, attracting significant interest with over 200 applications for the vulnerability institute in Santo Domingo. These institutes focused on land use and cover change in the Amazon, climate vulnerability in Central America and the Caribbean, and global climate change causes and mitigation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SAC expressed concern that the revised IAI Science Agenda might not sufficiently reflect the priorities of member countries and recommended that country delegates specify these priorities to inform a presentation on how the Science Agenda themes address them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001689#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","climate variability","climate change vulnerability","climate change mitigation"],"geography_discussed":["Brazil","Central America","Caribbean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["administrative report","program evaluation"]},{"id":"foei-000536","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/foei-000536","title":"El papel que juega el Banco Europeo de Inversiones en el desarrollo","publisher":{"name":"Friends of the Earth International","organization":"friends-of-the-earth-international"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"es","date_published":"2003","source_url":"https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/EIB-_fact-sheet_5SPabril.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The EIB is a central financial institution for EU relations with developing countries, particularly those in the ACP region. While it operates under the Cotonou Agreement, the document argues that the EIB prioritizes economic and technical evaluations over sustainable development and poverty eradication. The report highlights significant gaps in public information and project evaluation, noting that many venture capital operations lack public scrutiny. It recommends that the EIB adopt international standards like the Millennium Development Goals, implement mandatory public consultations, and establish an independent inspection mechanism for affected communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The EIB's lending portfolio in ACP countries grew from 491 million Euros in 1999 to 520 million Euros in 2001, with loans distributed across energy, agriculture, water, transport, and construction projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"On June 2, 2003, the EIB established the Cotonou Agreement Investment Facility to channel funds to the private sector, specifically small and medium-sized enterprises, with a projected disbursement of 2.2 billion Euros between 2003 and 2008.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Unlike the World Bank, the EIB does not provide structural adjustment loans and its loans are not officially tied to conditions affecting government policy, which has kept the bank out of debt-related debates.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the Cotonou Agreement's goals of poverty eradication and sustainable development, the EIB evaluates projects based on economic, financial, and technical terms rather than sustainable development goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EIB's information policy is described as deficient; between 1989 and 1999, only 31 projects (17% of operations) from four countries were mentioned in the Venture Capital Operations evaluation report, leaving many projects without public scrutiny.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EIB participated as an observer in the G-7 Finance Ministers' Meeting in February 2003, where the 'Rome Declaration on Harmonization' committed Multilateral Development Banks to align operational policies with partner countries' priorities and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"NGOs recommend that the EIB implement mandatory public consultations for projects with significant environmental and social impacts and create an independent inspection and appeal mechanism for affected communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"foei-000536#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable development","Environmental and Social Safeguards","climate finance","transportation","agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["European Union","Dakar","Nairobi","Pretoria","Chad","Cameroon","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","institutional critique"]},{"id":"iai-001762","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001762","title":"EXECUTIVE COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS LIST","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"1999-06-17","source_url":"http://iai.int/pdf/all/Decisions-ec-9.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The IAI Executive Council resolutions from June 1999 detail financial commitments for scientific capacity and climate variability research, the establishment of working groups for fund raising and training, and administrative updates to the IAI Directorate's structure and governance policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The US National Science Foundation committed between US$ 250,000 and 300,000 to support the first year of the Program to Expand the Scientific Capacity in the Americas (PESCA), with subsequent funding contingent on the program's first-year success.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Office of Global Programs announced a contribution of up to US$ 100,000 for the first year of the IAI Collaborative Research Network Program (CRN), specifically for projects addressing climate variability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Executive Council established and approved the composition and terms of reference for two working groups: a Training and Education (T&E) group, which will conduct a new survey on regional training and education, and a Fund Raising working group; both have two-year appointments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Council approved a restructuring of the IAI Directorate, requiring job descriptions for all staff and establishing that Project Managers report to the IAI Director or other officers on a case-by-case basis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Executive Council approved a strategy to expand the IAI's reach by contacting and encouraging non-member countries in the Caribbean to join the institute.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001762#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate variability"],"geography_discussed":["Canada","Mexico","Costa Rica","Uruguay","Cuba","Caribbean","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["administrative record","resolution list"]},{"id":"ciel-000461","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ciel-000461","title":"Effective Decision-Making","publisher":{"name":"Center for International Environmental Law","organization":"center-for-international-environmental-law"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"1999-01","source_url":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/effectivedecisionmaking.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes a spectrum of decision-making models in international law, ranging from strict consensus to majority voting, to identify effective procedures for managing highly migratory fish stocks in the Western and Central Pacific.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Strict consensus is often used for fundamental principles but can lead to \"lowest common denominator\" decisions in fisheries management, as it allows the most resistant participants to block restrictions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Bering Sea Pollock Convention addresses the deadlock of strict consensus by using pre-authorized default rules based on scientific assessments of pollock biomass if consensus on harvest levels and quotas fails.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Supermajority voting with 'opt-in' provisions is typically used for amendments to fundamental obligations, ensuring states are only bound by what they specifically agree to through ratification.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Opt-out mechanisms, often used for technical annexes in agreements like CITES, are generally more effective than opt-in systems because they require a party to take affirmative action to reject a new standard.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'prolepsis' or framework-then-details approach used in the Montreal Protocol allows for the adjustment of technical annexes via double majority voting, making decisions binding on all parties without opt-in or opt-out rights.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Double majority voting, as seen in the Montreal Protocol's Financial Mechanism, protects minority interests by requiring approval from both a majority of developing and non-developing countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The International Sea-Bed Authority employs a multiple majority system where a two-thirds Council vote can be rejected if a majority in any one of four specialized 'chambers' opposes the decision.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Weighted voting, used by the IMF and World Bank, is deemed unsuitable for fisheries management because there is no agreed-upon criterion for weighting (such as fleet size or historic catch) that all parties would accept.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000461#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["international law","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["North Atlantic Ocean","Southern Ocean","Central Bering Sea","Mediterranean Sea","Caribbean","World"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative review","policy analysis"]},{"id":"iai-001075","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001075","title":"GOALS AND STRATEGIES FOR IAI DEVELOPMENT IN THE YEARS AHEAD","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"1998-05-19","source_url":"https://archive.iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/iai-cop-5-directorate-goals-e.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document reviews the IAI's progress since 1995, noting an increase in member countries and the implementation of collaborative research programs. It identifies a critical dependency on US government funding via NSF grants and outlines a strategy to diversify financial sources, increase participation from new member countries, and enhance regional capacity building through targeted scientific projects and training.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The IAI expanded its membership from 11 countries in 1995 to 18 countries by 1998.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The IAI's Initial Science Program (ISP) supports 39 collaborative research and scientific activities, while the Start-up Grant Program is facilitating the creation of research networks involving at least four member countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The IAI faces a significant funding gap, currently only able to fund between 50% and 60% of proposals ranked as 'Very Good/Excellent'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The institution is almost entirely dependent on US government support through NSF grants, creating an urgent need to diversify funding sources to ensure long-term sustainability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Proposed strategies for growth include increasing funding by at least 50%, developing co-funding with national agencies, and pursuing projects with external entities like the World Bank and IDB.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001075#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","capacity building","carbon dioxide emissions","coastal management"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Costa Rica","Uruguay","Argentina","Brazil","Amazon basin","South America","Caribbean","Central America"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["institutional assessment","strategic planning"]},{"id":"iai-001073","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001073","title":"IAI PROGRAM PLAN","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"1998","source_url":"https://archive.iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/iai-cop-5-annual-plan-e.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The IAI Program Plan for 1998-1999 establishes goals to advance scientific programs, build regional capacity, and enhance the participation of scientists and countries in the Americas. The plan includes a budget of funded activities, such as graduate and postdoctoral training in Brazil and Mexico, and the development of climate forecasts. Future initiatives include CO2 monitoring in the Amazon Basin and the Pan-American Climate Information System (PACIS) for disaster preparedness.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The IAI has established several strategic goals for its 1998-1999 program, including advancing the Scientific Program, increasing regional capacity building, improving the dissemination of activities to policy and decision-making levels, and strengthening cooperation with international organizations regarding global environmental change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The institute is implementing a training and education program with specific funding for graduate and postdoctoral studies in Brazil (1,200,000 from CNPq/MCT/INPE for 1999-2003) and Mexico (300,000 from UNAM-CICESE for 1999-2001), as well as an IAI Summer School at the University of Miami.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The IAI is planning a proposal for the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to monitor CO2 in the Amazon Basin, which has received support from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The United States and Chile expressed an intent on April 16-17, 1998, to launch the Pan-American Climate Information System (PACIS) for disaster preparedness, seeking support from the IAI, the International Research Institute for Climate Prediction (IRI-CP), the Inter-American Development Bank, and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A work plan for the Caribbean region has been submitted to the IAI and NSF, proposing a survey of global change research, courses on Environmental Engineering at the University of West Indies, and training in Coastal Resources Management and GIS software.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001073#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["environmental change","capacity building","climate variability"],"geography_discussed":["Mexico","United States","Chile","Colombia","Peru","Bolivia","Costa Rica","Caribbean","San José"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["programmatic planning","budgetary allocation"]},{"id":"cdkn-000323","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000323","title":"1givrapd_policy_brief_integrated_approach_to_community_adaptation_sids-e48a928763519834.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/1GIVRAPD_Policy_Brief_Integrated_Approach_to_Community_Adaptation_SIDS.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This policy brief describes the Global Islands’ Vulnerability Research Adaptation Policy and Development (GIVRAPD) Project, an interdisciplinary research initiative focused on understanding the socioeconomic, governance, and environmental factors that influence the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of small and medium-sized coastal communities in Small Island Developing States (SIDS).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face extreme vulnerability to climate change due to their geographical isolation and exposure to maritime and coastal threats, which impact critical economic sectors such as tourism, agriculture, and fisheries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The GIVRAPD Project employs an integrated approach across four 'learning sites' in the Caribbean and Indian Ocean to bridge knowledge gaps and inform local adaptation portfolios by combining scientific data with local knowledge.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Standard IPCC sea level rise projections are not spatially uniform and may not fully account for the melting of land-based sea ice, necessitating site-specific biophysical assessments and downscaled climate scenarios for effective coastal planning in SIDS.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Community-based vulnerability assessments indicate a shift away from hard engineering infrastructures, which can hinder ecosystem services, toward climate-resilient development that utilizes complementary benefits and synergies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Effective climate adaptation in SIDS requires addressing the disconnect between national adaptation planning and local implementation through multi-level governance networks and partnerships.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Micro-insurance is identified as a potential tool to complement existing loss and damage mechanisms for vulnerable low-income households, provided there are enabling legal, regulatory, and public-private partnership frameworks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The GIVRAPD project highlights the need to incorporate gender and youth as critical elements in climate change adaptation planning to ensure community interests are not marginalized.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000323#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["sids","coastal adaptation","sea level rise","micro-insurance","governance","community resilience"],"geography_discussed":["Caribbean","Indian Ocean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Policy Brief","Case Study","Vulnerability Assessment"]},{"id":"cdkn-000329","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000329","title":"2givrapd_policy_brief-multi-level-governance-e78ea9fd69ba051a.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/2GIVRAPD_Policy_Brief-Multi-level-governance.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This policy brief from the Climate and Development Knowledge Network argues that climate change adaptation in the Caribbean is fundamentally a governance challenge requiring a multi-level approach. It advocates for the creation of networks and hybrid partnerships between state and non-state actors to bridge jurisdictional scales and sectors, using case studies from St. Lucia and Jamaica to illustrate how community-based organizations and public-private partnerships can enhance adaptive capacity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Climate change adaptation in the Caribbean is described as inherently a problem of governance because impacts vary across islands, coastlines, and communities, each possessing diverse capacities to respond. Effective management requires collaboration across multiple actors, jurisdictional levels, and sectors due to the complexity of the challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"A multi-level governance approach is particularly critical for small and medium-sized communities that depend on climate-vulnerable service industries like tourism or resource sectors like fisheries. Such an approach focuses on developing hybrid partnerships and networks between governments (regional and national), NGOs, the private sector, and community-based perspectives to facilitate knowledge co-production and resource flows.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"In St. Lucia, the Soufriere Marine Management Area (SMMA) serves as an example of using a community-based organization and a multi-stakeholder board to create spaces for collaboration between community and government partners. However, the brief notes that the SMMA needs more institutional flexibility, a long-term planning approach that prioritizes climate change, and better coherence with terrestrial environmental management to address land-based risks like coral reef sedimentation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Jamaica provides examples of network-based governance, including the Climate Change Focal Point Network, which aims to coordinate adaptation strategies across government agencies and sectors. Additionally, a public-private partnership between the Division of Fisheries and the Sandals Foundation led to the creation of the Sandals Whitehouse Special Fishery Conservation Area (SFCA), a marine no-take area with shared monitoring and enforcement responsibilities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The document outlines four policy lessons for scaling out multi-level governance: empowering community-based organizations as bridge actors, facilitating long-term strategic planning involving the private sector, providing legislative and policy conditions that enable vertical and horizontal partnerships, and adopting a holistic perspective across climate-sensitive sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000329#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","multi-level governance","coastal management","caribbean","community-based adaptation"],"geography_discussed":["Saint Lucia","Soufrière","Jamaica","Bluefields Bay"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Case Study","Policy Analysis"]},{"id":"cdkn-000331","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000331","title":"CCORAL Caribbean Climate Online Risk and Adaptation TooL Fact Sheet","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/4-CCORAL-Fact-Sheet.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The Caribbean Climate Online Risk and Adaptation TooL (CCORAL) is a web-based system developed by the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre to help government officials and other organisations embed climate resilience into their decision-making. Part of the Caribbean Risk Management Project, the tool supports the goals of the Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate Change and the associated Implementation Plan. It aims to promote 'no-regret' actions and flexible solutions to protect sustainable development and the Millennium Development Goals from climate change impacts. The tool's development involved consultations in Belize, Suriname, Barbados, and Jamaica, with a primary focus on anchoring the system within ministries of finance and planning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000331#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"CCORAL is a web-based risk management tool designed to help users, particularly government officials, make climate resilient decisions and integrate climate considerations into standard Caribbean decision-making processes without requiring the user to be a climate change expert.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000331#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The tool was developed as part of the Caribbean Risk Management Project, which is being implemented in three phases: the creation of the web-based tool (Phase 1), in-depth training for country-level decision-makers (Phase 2), and detailed risk assessments in specific countries (Phase 3).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000331#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CCORAL serves as a practical application of the Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate Change and the Implementation Plan (IP), both of which were endorsed by CARICOM Heads in 2009 and 2012.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000331#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The development of the tool was informed by a consultation process with regional stakeholders that included two rounds of meetings in Belize, Suriname, Barbados, and Jamaica.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000331#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate risk management","climate resilience","climate change adaptation","sustainable development"],"geography_discussed":["Belize","Suriname","Barbados","Jamaica"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"cdkn-000367","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000367","title":"adapt Caribbean","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Awareness_tourism_agri_low_res_print_updated280417.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines the high cost of natural disasters in the Caribbean, noting $33bn in damages from 2000-2009. It identifies sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and changing rainfall patterns as primary threats to the tourism and agriculture sectors, while suggesting micro-insurance, irrigation, and spatial planning as adaptation strategies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000367#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Natural disasters and extreme weather events caused $33bn in damages to the Caribbean between 2000 and 2009, representing 61% of the regional Gross Domestic Product in 2014.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000367#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The tourism and agriculture sectors face significant climate risks: 94% of tourist accommodation in Belize is vulnerable to flooding and sea-level rise, and 90% of Caribbean agricultural land is rain-fed and exposed to rainfall changes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000367#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sea level rise","coastal erosion","flood","tourism industry","agriculture","climate finance","agricultural irrigation","extreme weather event"],"geography_discussed":["Guyana","Saint Lucia","Belize","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","Jamaica"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["impact assessment","vulnerability analysis"]},{"id":"cdkn-000388","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000388","title":"CARiDRO The Caribbean Assessment Regional DROught Tool","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cariwig-case-study-final-report-caridro-drought.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The CARiDRO tool enables the assessment of meteorological and hydrological droughts at regional and grid-point levels. It utilizes the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation-Evaporation Index (SPEI), the latter of which incorporates water balance to evaluate the impact of warming. The system processes data from seven PRECIS regional climate model experiments (1961-2070) and two observed datasets (1901-2009). While designed to support policy and planning in agriculture and water resources, the tool currently requires users with a technical background in climatology.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000388#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The CARiDRO tool was successfully developed to facilitate drought assessment in the Caribbean and Central America regions, offering a flexible system that allows users to generate statistics and graphical outputs for spatial scales ranging from local to regional.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000388#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The tool employs two primary indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for general monitoring and the Standardized Precipitation-Evaporation Index (SPEI), which uses the Thornwaite formulation for evapo-transpiration to specifically evaluate the impact of climate change warming on drought.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000388#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CARiDRO integrates data from seven PRECIS regional climate model (RCM) experiments with a 25km resolution covering 1961 to 2070, alongside two observed gridded datasets from the Climatic Research Unit and University of Delaware with a 50km resolution covering 1901 to 2009.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000388#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the tool can produce data for Geographical Information Systems to aid the agriculture and water resources sectors, it is currently not suitable for stakeholders without a technical background in climatology and requires expert advisory.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000388#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["drought","climate change","water resource","agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["Cuba"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]},{"id":"cdkn-000389","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000389","title":"Drought Assessment & Projection for the Eastern Caribbean Using the CARiDRO Tool","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/cariwig-case-study-final-report-eastern-caribbean.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study uses the CARiDRO tool and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to analyze the 2009-2010 drought in the Eastern Caribbean and project future risks. It finds that the 2009-2010 event was a 1 in 40 years occurrence, but future droughts are projected to be more frequent, with an average recurrence of 1 in 5 years. The report suggests that the area affected by drought will increase after the middle of the 21st century, necessitating improved planning in water management and agriculture.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000389#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 2009-2010 drought event in the Eastern Caribbean was characterized as a 1 in 40 years event in terms of its intensity and spatial extension.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000389#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Projections based on seven regional climate model outputs indicate that future drought events will be more frequent, with an average recurrence time of 1 in 5 years, though individual models range from 1 in 3 to 1 in 12 years.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000389#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Multi-model projections show an increase in the total area of the Caribbean affected by drought after the middle of the 21st century.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000389#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["drought","precipitation","temperature","water management","agriculture","early warning system"],"geography_discussed":["Caribbean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","projection"]},{"id":"cdkn-000390","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000390","title":"An example of local assessment of future drought. Las Tunas province, Cuba","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cariwig-case-study-Final-report-Las-Tunas-community-in-Cuba.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that drought events in Las Tunas province, similar to the severe 2003-2005 event, are projected to become more frequent and intense through 2050, driven by reduced precipitation and increased evaporation from rising temperatures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000390#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Drought events similar to the severe event experienced in Las Tunas from 2003 to 2005 are projected to be more frequent and last longer between 2011 and 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000390#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SPEI index indicates that droughts will become more intense and prolonged in the second half of the 2011-2050 period, as rising temperatures increase water loss through evaporation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000390#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Projections across seven regional climate model experiments show that the frequency of moderate or extreme drought lasting four or more consecutive months will range from 12 to 18 times between 2011 and 2050, which is higher than the frequencies observed from 1971 to 2000.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000390#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["drought","water management","precipitation","climate change adaptation"],"geography_discussed":["Caribbean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","climate projection"]},{"id":"cdkn-000466","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000466","title":"Alliance pour le Climat et le Développement Aider les pays en développement à concevoir et à mettre en œuvre des activités de développement compatibles avec le climat","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"guide","language":"fr","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/CDKN_Brochure_FRENCH_pr2FINAL_LR-copy.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) provides research, technical assistance, and knowledge dissemination to help developing countries integrate low-carbon and resilient growth into their national policies. Funded by the UK's DFID and the Netherlands' DGIS, CDKN focuses on four strategic themes: climate-compatible development plans, improving access to climate finance, disaster risk management, and supporting negotiators from the least developed and most vulnerable countries. The organization operates in over 40 countries across Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean, aiming to improve the quality of life for those most affected by climate change through a demand-driven approach.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000466#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The organization focuses on four strategic priority themes: creating climate-compatible development strategies and plans, enhancing access to climate finance for developing nations, strengthening resilience through climate-related disaster risk management, and providing support to climate negotiators from the least developed and most vulnerable countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000466#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CDKN operates in more than 40 countries across Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean, and has contributed to public policy changes in 23 countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000466#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The organization supports the goal of providing 100 billion US dollars in climate finance to developing countries between 2010 and 2020, as agreed in the 2009 Copenhagen Accords, by influencing international finance architecture and strengthening institutional capacity to access these funds.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000466#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CDKN provides technical, legal, and logistical support to negotiators from Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to ensure their interests are represented in international climate negotiations, such as the UNFCCC.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000466#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable development","climate finance","disaster risk reduction","climate resilience","green growth","climate diplomacy","climate change adaptation","climate change mitigation","poverty reduction"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","Asia","Latin America","Caribbean","Rwanda","Kenya","Anguilla","Pakistan","Ethiopia","Uganda","Mozambique","India","Nepal","Chile","Peru","Zambia","Bangladesh","Benin","Ghana","Nigeria","Senegal","Zimbabwe","Marshall Islands"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["organizational overview","strategic framework"]},{"id":"cdkn-000539","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000539","title":"Local communities are integral to driving climate change adaptation","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/communities_low_res_print_updated280417.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document advocates for the integration of local communities in climate adaptation, highlighting tools like Community Based Vulnerability Assessments (CBVA) and the Local Adaptive Capacity (LAC) framework to identify hazards and assess resilience. It emphasizes that local networks are most effective when they maintain strong links with national and regional organizations to influence policy and share information.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000539#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Community Based Vulnerability Assessments (CBVAs) use semi-structured interviews and participatory workshops to identify climate hazards and the reasons why certain communities are more susceptible, serving as a complement to data-driven vulnerability assessments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000539#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Soufriére region of Saint Lucia, the LAC framework revealed that while natural resources provided some resilience, this was undermined by a lack of social and financial resources, including a 23.8% unemployment rate in 2012 and a poverty rate where 42.9% of residents lived on less than $5 per day.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000539#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Local networks for climate resilience are most effective when they include influential people, maintain trust and cooperation between people and organisations, and are closely linked to regional and national organisations to lobby for action and share information.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000539#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","local government","adaptive capacity","climate resilience"],"geography_discussed":["Jamaica","Soufrière Quarter"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","framework application"]},{"id":"cdkn-000543","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000543","title":"Caribbean climate data","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Data_infographic_high_res_print_updated280417.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines several climate data tools for the Caribbean, including the CARIWIG portal for historical data and projections, the CARIDRO drought tool, and the Tropical Storm Model (TSM). It highlights specific research applications in Belize, Jamaica, and Cuba, and introduces the Caribbean Climate Online Risk and Adaptation tool (CCORAL) to help decision-makers integrate climate change into policy despite inherent projection uncertainties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000543#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The CARIWIG online data portal provides open access to Caribbean climate data, including historical data from weather stations covering two 30-year periods and future projections derived from two Global Climate Models (GCMs) and a Regional Climate Model (RCM) with a 25km resolution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000543#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Specific climate tools have been applied to regional challenges: the CARIDRO tool was used in Belize to assess the frequency of drought; the Tropical Storm Model (TSM) was used in Jamaica to assess river discharge during category 5 hurricanes; and in Cuba, it was used to assess the frequency of dengue fever.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000543#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Caribbean Climate Online Risk and Adaptation tool (CCORAL) is a web-based resource intended to help integrate climate change into policy and practice, advising decision-makers to prioritize adaptation actions that remain effective across a wide range of future conditions due to projection uncertainty.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000543#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate data","climate change scenario","climate change adaptation","drought","tropical cyclone"],"geography_discussed":["Belize","Jamaica","Cuba"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"cdkn-000544","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000544","title":"CDKN-funded research has provided decision makers in the Caribbean with access to climate data specific to the region","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Data_infographic_low_res_print_updated280417.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines the CARIWIG online data portal, which provides historical climate data and future projections at a 25km resolution for the Caribbean. It highlights four specific tools: a Weather Generator used in Belize to link rising minimum temperatures to dengue fever risks; a Tropical Storm Model used in Jamaica to predict river discharge timing during category 5 hurricanes; the CARIDRO drought tool used in Cuba to project 12-18 moderate to extreme droughts in Las Tunas province by 2050; and the CCORAL tool for integrating climate change into policy. The research emphasizes implementing adaptation actions that perform well across a wide range of uncertain future conditions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The CARIWIG online data portal provides historical climate data and future projections based on two Global Climate Models (GCMs) downscaled to a Regional Climate Model (RCM) with a 25km resolution across the Caribbean.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A Weather Generator tool was applied in Belize to determine that an increase in the number of days where minimum temperatures exceed 18°C is likely to make conditions more favourable for dengue fever.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Tropical Storm Model (TSM) was used in Jamaica to find that peak river discharge is likely to occur approximately 14 hours after a category 5 hurricane begins.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The CARIDRO drought tool was used to project that Las Tunas province in Cuba will experience between 12 and 18 moderate to extreme droughts from 2011 to 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Because climate projections are uncertain, the document recommends that Caribbean decision makers prioritize adaptation actions that are effective across a wide range of current and potential future conditions, supported by the Caribbean Climate Online Risk and Adaptation tool (CCORAL).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000544#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate data","climate change scenario","Climate risk assessment","climate change adaptation","drought","tropical cyclone"],"geography_discussed":["Belize","Jamaica","Cuba","Las Tunas Province"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","tool description"]},{"id":"cdkn-000577","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000577","title":"Flood Risk in Jamaica","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Floods-and-DRM-in-Jamaica-_with-policies_final.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines flood risk in Jamaica, noting that while tropical cyclones cause the largest losses, flooding is not strictly related to storm intensity but often to preceding rainfall. It highlights that public infrastructure, particularly roads and bridges, suffers the most damage. Despite repeated recommendations for hazard mapping and watershed management, the report finds a persistent lack of enforcement regarding 'no build zones' and a critical shortage of digital spatial data for planners.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In Jamaica, the largest economic losses are attributed to tropical cyclones, although the severity of flooding does not correlate directly with the intensity of the storm.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Flooding is driven by rainfall both during an event and in the days preceding it; for example, Tropical Storm Nicole followed five months of above-average rainfall (115%-172% of the 30-year monthly mean).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public infrastructure, specifically roads and bridges, typically sustains the highest proportion of damage from meteorological events. In the case of Tropical Storm Gustav, 74% of the total damage was to roads and bridges, and for Tropical Storm Nicole, it was 82%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Recurring factors that increase flood risk in Jamaica include poor environmental and watershed management, inadequate drain sizing (some built only for 1 in 5 or 1 in 10 year events), and the placement of infrastructure and housing in hazard-prone or low-lying areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant gap between policy intentions and implementation; while 'no build zones' are intended to limit development in exposed areas, housing and other developments continue to be permitted in hazard-prone locations, which has led to loss of life.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Disaster risk reduction is hindered by a lack of digital spatial data. A 2010 UWI survey of eight Caribbean countries found that only three had digital data on historical impacts and only three had digital rainfall data, limiting the ability of planners to incorporate this information into decisions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000577#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["flood risk","tropical cyclone","disaster risk reduction","land-use planning","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Caribbean","Hispaniola","Antigua and Barbuda","Saint Kitts and Nevis","Montserrat","British Virgin Islands","Grenada","Cayman Islands","Turks and Caicos Islands","Cuba","Haiti","Puerto Rico"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic impact assessment","policy review"]}]}