{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"climate_tags":["sulfur dioxide"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'sulfur dioxide' for facet 'climate_tags' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=sulfur+dioxide","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"cer-000983","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000983","title":"grootvlei-power-station-5f741b44913b4ace.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Grootvlei-Power-Station.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Grootvlei Power Station Annual Emissions Report for the 2016/17 financial year, submitted by Eskom to the Chief Air Quality Licensing Officer, details the station's pollutant emissions, the progress of a particulate matter reduction project, and compliance with atmospheric licenses.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"For the 2016/17 financial year, the total annual emissions for Grootvlei Power Station were 5,743,113 tons of CO2, 39,112 tons of SO2, 19,395 tons of NOx, 4,797.99 tons of PM, and 94.164 tons of N2O.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The station is implementing a Fabric Filter Bag (FFP) retrofit project to replace Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions. Unit 3 was completed in September 2016, Unit 2 is completed but awaiting commissioning, and Unit 4 is expected to be completed in September 2017.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Emission limit exceedances occurred during the 2016/17 financial year, which the report attributes to the design limitations of the Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Continuous Emissions Monitors (CEMS) availability varied by stack and parameter: PM availability was 99% for both North and South stacks, while SO2 and NOx availability was 65% for the North stack and 100% for the South stack.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The station is implementing the Highveld Priority Area action plan through fugitive dust monitoring and suppression. An offset project plan has been submitted to GSDM and is expected to be implemented at Grootvlei in 2019.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000983#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emissions","particulate matter","carbon dioxide","sulfur dioxide","nitrogen oxides"],"geography_discussed":["Gert Sibande District Municipality","Highveld Priority Area"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["emissions reporting","compliance monitoring"]},{"id":"cer-001057","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001057","title":"komati-annual-emissions-report-2015-2016-1ca8b546a2c6c6ae.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Komati-Annual-Emissions-Report-2015-2016.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Komati Power Station Annual Emission Report for the 2015-2016 financial year (1 April 2015 to 31 March 2016) details the station's emissions of particulates, SO2, NO, and CO2, as well as the availability and calibration of its monitoring equipment and compliance audit findings.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001057#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"For the financial year from 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2016, Komati Power Station's total coal-fired emissions were 5,147,014 tons of CO2, 85.367 tons of NO, 1,738 tons of PM (particulates), and 1,922.07 tons of SO2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001057#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The availability of gaseous and particulate monitors varied by stack and pollutant. While PM monitors for the East and West stacks maintained high average availability at 99% and 100% respectively, SOx and NOx monitors performed lower, with average availability ranging from 52% to 61%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001057#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"A compliance audit conducted on 17 February 2016 by Leroy’s construction identified that fuel oil exceeded the permitted limit of 500 tons/month in September and October 2015. This was attributed to continuous fuel oil support at Unit 1-3 due to burner design, which was necessary to prevent re-ignition (explosion).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001057#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The report identifies several major upgrade projects initiated from 2013/2014 to influence air quality, including the extension of the 3D Ash Dam to address lack of space capacity and the installation of third-electrodes boilers. It also notes that faulty dust hopper level probes on hopper A1, A3, C1, and C3 were affecting Electrostatic precipitator performance, resulting in high emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001057#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","air quality","coal-fired power generation","particulate matter","sulfur dioxide","nitrogen oxides"],"geography_discussed":["Nkangala District Municipality","Middelburg","Grootvlei Power Station"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["emissions reporting","compliance audit"]},{"id":"cer-001099","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001099","title":"lethabo-annual-emissions-report-2015-2016-7191bc72ed834270.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Lethabo-Annual-Emissions-Report-2015-2016.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a formal letter and annual emission report from Eskom's Lethabo Power Station to the Fezile Dabi District Municipality, detailing verified emissions for the 2015/2016 financial year (April 1, 2015, to March 31, 2016).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001099#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"For the 2015/2016 financial year, Lethabo Power Station reported total verified emissions of 20,736,085 tons of CO2, 168,856 tons of SO2, 95,061 tons of NOx, 9,703 tons of Particulate Matter (PM), and 327 tons of N2O.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001099#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The report states that the observed emission trends for the period largely correspond to the load of the power station.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001099#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Lethabo Power Station reported that no major upgrades or projects took place during the reporting period.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001099#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["carbon dioxide","sulfur dioxide","nitrogen oxides","particulate matter","power plants","emissions reporting"],"geography_discussed":["Fezile Dabi District Municipality","Free State","South Africa"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["emissions inventory"]},{"id":"cer-001164","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001164","title":"matimba-power-station-2eb8c89799a9a43e.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Matimba-Power-Station.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is an annual emissions report for the Matimba Power Station, submitted by Eskom to the Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism. It covers the reporting period from April 2016 to March 2017, detailing verified emissions of carbon dioxide, particulates, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, as well as compliance with atmospheric emission licenses.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001164#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"For the 2016/2017 financial year, Matimba Power Station's total emissions included 28,639,290.383 tons of CO2, 429,036.38 tons of SO2, 76,811.485 tons of NOx, and 2,060.793 tons of particulate matter (PM). The majority of these emissions originated from coal-fired sources, with fuel-oil emissions contributing 21,092 tons of CO2 and 394.08 tons of SO2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001164#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The power station experienced sporadic exceedances of the 48-hour grace period for high SO2 emissions between April 2016 and March 2017. Eskom attributed these exceedances to the \"high sulphur content in coal\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001164#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"To address SO2 emission exceedances, Matimba Power Station engaged with the Exxaro coal mine to reduce sulfur content in received coal, replaced air heater packs in Unit 2 to eliminate air ingress, and initiated further investigations into contributory causes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001164#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Monitoring data availability for the station's five units remained high, with availability for PM, SO2, NOx, and CO2 ranging from 98.9% to 100.0% across all units.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001164#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["carbon dioxide","coal-fired power","sulfur dioxide","nitrogen oxides","particulate matter"],"geography_discussed":["Lephalale","Waterberg District Municipality"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["emissions reporting","compliance monitoring"]}]}