{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"climate_tags":["green economy"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":441,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=green+economy","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=green+economy&page=2","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"issafri-000003","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/issafri-000003","title":"Tunisia Development Futures","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Security Studies","organization":"institute-for-security-studies"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2026-06-15","source_url":"https://futures.issafrica.org/geographic/countries/tunisia/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes Tunisia's development prospects up to 2043, comparing a 'Current Path' of modest growth with various sectoral scenarios. It finds that while Tunisia has strong foundations in education and health, it faces structural stagnation, high youth unemployment, and an energy deficit. A 'Combined scenario' integrating reforms in governance, manufacturing, agriculture, and trade could significantly boost GDP, reduce extreme poverty to 0.7%, and lower the Gini coefficient to 0.30, though a persistent energy gap remains.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Under the 'Current Path' scenario (2023–2043), Tunisia's economy is projected to grow at a modest average annual rate of 2.8%, with GDP increasing from US$43.05 billion in 2023 to US$75.1 billion by 2043.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Tunisia's demographic dividend is narrowing as the population ages; the working-age population share is expected to decline slightly from 66% in 2023 to 65.7% by 2043.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Combined scenario', integrating eight sectoral interventions, would raise GDP (MER) to US$100.88 billion, increase GDP per capita (PPP) to US$15,630, and reduce extreme poverty to 0.7% by 2043.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Targeted agricultural interventions could eliminate Tunisia's crop deficit by the 2037/2038 season, transitioning the country from a deficit of 4.4 million metric tons in 2023 to a surplus of 1.81 million metric tons by 2043.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Manufacturing scenario' would increase the manufacturing value-added share of GDP to 19.2% by 2043, driving job creation and reducing extreme poverty to 1.5%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Deepening integration through the AfCFTA could raise GDP per capita (PPP) to US$13,500 by 2043 and narrow the trade deficit to US$1.53 billion, compared to US$3.51 billion on the Current Path.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Tunisia faces a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs); cardiovascular-related deaths are projected to rise from 37,080 in 2023 to 62,200 by 2043 under the Current Path.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite significant growth in solar and wind energy under the Combined scenario, Tunisia will maintain a substantial energy deficit, with demand reaching 124.97 million BOE against a production of 48.75 million BOE by 2043.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Governance scenario' would increase GDP (MER) to US$77.33 billion by 2043 and reduce extreme poverty to 1.4%, the lowest among individual sectoral scenarios.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The informal sector's contribution to GDP is projected to decline from 23.2% in 2023 to 20.3% by 2043 on the Current Path, but would drop further to 17.2% under the Combined scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-000003#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Climate-smart agriculture","renewable energy","solar energy","wind energy","carbon dioxide emissions","energy transition","water management","climate change adaptation","green economy"],"geography_discussed":["North Africa","European Union","Algeria","Libya","Tunis"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario modelling","economic forecasting","sectoral analysis"]},{"id":"wri-000389","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wri-000389","title":"Shanxi, China Creates Over 1,000 Jobs for Displaced Coal Workers","publisher":{"name":"World Resources Institute","organization":"world-resources-institute"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2026-03-03","source_url":"https://www.wri.org/outcomes/shanxi-china-creates-over-1000-jobs-displaced-coal-workers","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"WRI collaborated with stakeholders in Shanxi, China, to implement a \"coal-to-tourism\" business model that created over 1,000 jobs for displaced coal workers and increased local household incomes by 10%-20%. The initiative led Shanxi to become the first Chinese province to formally integrate \"just transition\" principles into its government workplan, a model now being adopted by Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang provinces.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000389#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The transition of Shanxi's economy from coal to tourism resulted in the creation of more than 1,000 jobs for displaced coal workers in roles such as bus drivers, tour guides, and heritage restoration assistants. Additionally, households located near the new tourism sites experienced an increase in annual incomes of 10%-20% through rental incomes and heightened economic activity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000389#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Shanxi is the first province in China to formally incorporate \"just transition\" principles—which focus on equity and inclusion during the shift to a green economy—into its official government workplan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000389#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The \"coal-to-tourism\" model developed in Shanxi has received national recognition and is being adopted by the provinces of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Shaanxi. National planning institutions are also considering the inclusion of similar recommendations in the next five-year development plan for the coal sector.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000389#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["just transition","economic diversity","decarbonization","green economy","tourism industry"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Shaanxi","Inner Mongolia","Xinjiang"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]},{"id":"iejza-000317","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iejza-000317","title":"Ghana Renewable Energy Policy Scan","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Economic Justice","organization":"institute-for-economic-justice"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2026-02-23","source_url":"https://iej.org.za/resource/research-report/ghana-renewable-energy-policy-scan/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ghana Renewable Energy Policy Scan finds that while Ghana has comprehensive energy policies and ambitions for renewable energy deployment, there is a lack of coordination across sectors. Key gaps include the fragmentation of SMME policies, limited access to finance, and a failure to operationalise decent work and gender inclusion principles within renewable energy production networks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000317#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Ghana's energy policy architecture includes clear targets for renewable energy deployment and localisation, but actual expansion has lagged behind these ambitions. Furthermore, localisation goals are not consistently linked to support mechanisms for SMMEs, and coordination between different sectors remains limited.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000317#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Industrial and SMME policies are fragmented and often short-term, lacking alignment with long-term national development strategies. The development of domestic production capacity is hindered by infrastructure deficits, weak integration into renewable energy value chains, and a lack of deliberate mechanisms to provide SMMEs with necessary financing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000317#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the existence of the National Green Jobs Strategy, the operationalisation of decent work and gender equality in the renewable energy sector is insufficient. Provisions for gender mainstreaming are general, and there are few targeted measures to support women workers and entrepreneurs, risking the reproduction of existing labour market inequalities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000317#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["renewable energy","just transition","green economy","industrial policy","green job"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy scan","desktop review"]},{"id":"afripo-000106","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/afripo-000106","title":"Vom Kompromiss zur Synergie: Mineralien mit Mehrwert als Brücke zwischen Klimafinanzierung und Wirtschaftswachstum in Nigeria","publisher":{"name":"Africa Policy Research Institute","organization":"africa-policy-research-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2026-02-18","source_url":"https://afripoli.org/de/vom-kompromiss-zur-synergie-mineralien-mit-mehrwert-als-brucke-zwischen-klimafinanzierung-und-wirtschaftswachstum-in-nigeria-en","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines Nigeria's potential to leverage transition minerals—such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt—to drive industrialization and fund climate action. It contrasts the current 'extract-and-export' model, which has left the mining sector contributing only about 0.3% to GDP, with a beneficiation strategy that could significantly increase revenue and create high-skilled jobs. The author highlights the global demand surge for these minerals and the geopolitical opportunity created by the concentration of processing in China. While the Nigerian government has introduced policies to mandate local processing and revoke dormant licenses, the paper notes that a lack of infrastructure and persistent governance deficits, including illegal mining and revenue leakages, remain primary obstacles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000106#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Nigeria's mining sector currently contributes approximately 0.3% to the national GDP, a significant decline from over 4% in the 1960s and far lower than other resource-rich African nations like Botswana (40%), the Democratic Republic of Congo (25%), and South Africa (18%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000106#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The global demand for transition minerals is rising rapidly, with the International Energy Agency projecting that by 2040, demand for lithium could increase by over 40 times, while graphite, cobalt, and nickel could see 20 to 25-fold increases.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000106#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"China dominates the midstream processing of transition minerals, refining approximately 60–65% of the world’s lithium, 65–75% of cobalt, and 68% of nickel, creating a geopolitical risk that provides an opportunity for countries like Nigeria to attract processing investments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000106#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","Net-zero emissions","green economy","nickel"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Indonesia","Botswana","Democratic Republic of the Congo","South Africa","United States","European Union"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic analysis","policy assessment"]},{"id":"iisd-003636","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-003636","title":"Tracking Progress on Sustainable Jobs in Canada","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":"2026-02","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2026-02/tracking-progress-sustainable-jobs-canada.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines a comprehensive approach for Canada to track the socio-economic impacts of its energy transition. It analyzes 19 specific indicators across economic exposure, institutional preparedness, and employment quality, while providing case studies from Scotland, South Africa, and Ireland to illustrate effective monitoring and evaluation (MEL) strategies. The guide emphasizes the need for transparent data collection, the inclusion of qualitative lived experiences, and the use of existing data systems to avoid delaying progress.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Canada's energy transition success depends on demonstrating the creation of \"good, durable, and well-paying jobs for workers and communities,\" making the tracking of sustainable jobs essential for maintaining public and worker support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies 19 indicators to measure just transition progress in Canada, noting that while some data is available (such as the Gini coefficient and general Employment Insurance eligibility), many indicators currently have \"partial or no data available.\"","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Scotland employs a two-pronged monitoring approach consisting of \"whole-of-Scotland just transition\" and \"sector-specific approaches,\" using a theory of change to track outcomes like the Gini coefficient and social cohesion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"South Africa utilizes a monitoring and evaluation system that includes \"rapid evaluation exercises\" on specific sites, such as the decommissioning of the Komati Power Station, and the \"Voices of Transition\" project to collect community stories.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ireland's just transition approach is integrated into its Climate Action Plan, with a focus on the agriculture sector, which \"accounts for nearly 40% of national emissions.\"","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Canada, the Environmental and Clean Technology (ECT) sector showed strong growth, with real GDP growing 21% from 2011 to 2021, outpacing the overall economy's 15% growth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sustainable jobs in Canada's ECT sector typically offer higher pay than the national average; in 2019, the average salary was CAD 75,816 compared to the national average of CAD 56,783.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The guide recommends a pragmatic \"starting where you are\" approach, urging governments to use existing data and indicators rather than \"waiting for a perfect framework.\"","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Effective communication of progress is critical; the report suggests translating technical data into \"clear, accessible, and engaging formats\" and being honest about challenges to maintain public trust.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003636#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["just transition","energy transition","climate finance","fossil-fuel phase-out","green economy"],"geography_discussed":["Scotland","South Africa","Ireland","Nigeria","Brazil","New Zealand","Germany","Spain","Wales","Romania"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy guide","comparative analysis","indicator framework"]},{"id":"iisd-001244","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-001244","title":"Country Profile – Canada","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2026","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2026-02/country-profile-canada.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document details Canada's mining landscape, highlighting its significant reserves of potash, gold, and iron ore, and its strategic focus on critical minerals for the green and digital economies. It examines the sector's economic impact, where mining contributes 5% to GDP, and its environmental efforts to reduce GHG emissions. The report also outlines the regulatory environment, noting the shared jurisdiction between federal and provincial authorities and the importance of trade with the United States.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Canada has implemented a comprehensive Critical Minerals Strategy (CCMS) supported by significant federal funding, including CAD 3.8 billion allocated in the 2022 budget. Further 2025 investments include a CAD 2 billion Critical Minerals Sovereign Fund, a CAD 371.8 million First and Last Mile Fund for infrastructure, and an expanded Critical Minerals Exploration Tax Credit covering 12 additional strategic metals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The mining industry contributes 5% to Canada's GDP, with a robust ecosystem where non-mining sectors—including indirect support (such as mine finance), downstream activities, and processing/refining—account for nearly 60% of that contribution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Canada's mining sector is characterized by large-scale operations, with artisanal and small-scale mining being limited nationwide, though it is more active in the Yukon for placer gold extraction.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While southern Canada possesses modern transport and power infrastructure, northern regions face significant challenges, relying heavily on diesel or hybrid systems due to a lack of electrical grid integration and the low economic viability of renewable energy at scale.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Canada has reduced GHG emissions from mining subsectors between 2015 and 2023, driven by federal, provincial, and territorial regulatory frameworks and decarbonization initiatives such as fleet electrification and renewable energy investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women's employment in the mining, quarrying, and oil and gas industries has fluctuated, increasing from 15% in 1987 to 19% in 2020, before falling to 16% in 2023. Participation varies by group, with women making up 17% of the Indigenous, 22% of the immigrant, and 27% of the visible minority mining workforce.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mining regulation in Canada is primarily the responsibility of provincial and territorial legislation, though the federal government maintains jurisdiction over trade, investment, energy, and Indigenous rights, including a constitutional duty to consult Indigenous Peoples.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Canada's mining trade is heavily dependent on the United States, and while the USMCA has protected most exports, potential U.S. national security investigations under Section 232 could trigger tariffs on critical mineral imports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001244#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["critical minerals","green economy","decarbonization","greenhouse gas emissions","renewable energy","vehicle electrification"],"geography_discussed":["Yukon","Ontario","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["country profile","sectoral analysis","regulatory review"]},{"id":"afripo-000092","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/afripo-000092","title":"Über die Gewinnung hinaus: Afrikas strategischer Einfluss im Zusammenhang zwischen der EU und den BRICS-Staaten im Bereich kritischer Mineralien","publisher":{"name":"Africa Policy Research Institute","organization":"africa-policy-research-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2025-12-15","source_url":"https://afripoli.org/de/uber-die-gewinnung-hinaus-afrikas-strategischer-einfluss-im-zusammenhang-zwischen-der-eu-und-den-brics-staaten-im-bereich-kritischer-mineralien-en","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes the strategic role of BRICS+ countries in the global critical minerals market, focusing on the potential for African members to move up the value chain and the complex dynamics of their cooperation with the European Union.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"BRICS+ holds a dominant global position in critical minerals, controlling 72% of rare earths, 75% of manganese, 50% of graphite, 28% of nickel, and 10% of copper (excluding Iran).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The BRICS+ group lacks a formal treaty and is hindered by internal geopolitical rivalries, particularly between China and India, Iran and Saudi Arabia, and Egypt and Ethiopia, making it a flexible platform for selective cooperation rather than a unified bloc.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The European Union maintains significant dependencies on BRICS+ members for critical raw materials, receiving 98% of its rare earth elements from China and 71% of its platinum from South Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"African BRICS+ members have varying levels of strategic readiness; while South Africa launched a Critical Minerals and Metals Strategy in 2025 and is leveraging its G20 presidency, Egypt and Ethiopia have only recently begun implementing reforms to attract raw materials investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The concept of 'criticality' is politically contingent and differs by region: the US and EU define it by economic importance and scarcity, whereas China views minerals as critical when they are abundant domestically and can be used to strengthen global market dominance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A formal BRICS+-EU cooperation mechanism for critical raw materials is estimated to be at least a decade away, with the most likely near-term scenario being lower-level engagement at the ministerial and company levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afripo-000092#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["critical minerals","energy transition","green economy","decarbonization"],"geography_discussed":["European Union","People's Republic of China","Brazil","Russia","India","Indonesia","United Arab Emirates","Iran","Saudi Arabia","United States","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Gabon","Zimbabwe"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["strategic analysis","policy review"]},{"id":"iisd-000383","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000383","title":"Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-12-01","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/just-transition-coal-indonesia","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the impacts of coal phase-outs in East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, South Sumatra, Central Kalimantan, and Jambi, emphasizing the need for proactive investment in high-multiplier industries and green sectors to prevent economic shocks. It advocates for a combination of quantitative modelling and qualitative community research to design social protections and reskilling programs that specifically include women, youth, and informal workers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Provinces with high exposure to coal decline, specifically East Kalimantan and South Sumatra, can achieve economic renewal and job creation through targeted investments in green industries and food and beverage manufacturing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Jambi is characterized as a more diversified region that is already well-positioned to benefit from the transition opportunities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Evidence from East Kutai indicates that local communities are open to alternatives, provided there is inclusive planning, workforce reskilling, and strengthened social protection.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To ensure a just transition, the report recommends combining quantitative economic models with qualitative, community-based methods such as focus groups, participatory mapping, and ethnography.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report proposes specific governance measures to embed inclusion, including the mandate of inter-ministerial coordination and the assignment of focal points for social inclusion and gender equality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000383#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Coal phase-out","just transition","economic diversity","green economy","social protection","gender equality","social inclusion","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["East Kalimantan","South Kalimantan","East Kutai"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","qualitative field research","policy analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-001724","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-001724","title":"Navigating Inclusive Just Transitions in Indonesia","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2025-11","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2025-11/just-transition-coal-indonesia-summary.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the challenges of Indonesia's transition away from coal, highlighting the severe economic risks to coal-dependent provinces and vulnerable groups. It advocates for a mixed-method approach to planning that combines quantitative economic modelling with qualitative social analysis to ensure that women, youth, and informal workers are not marginalized. Key recommendations include strategic investment in labour-intensive green sectors, tailored social protection, and the empowerment of local governments to manage the transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Coal dependence is a major obstacle to Indonesia's 2030 emissions targets under the Paris Agreement, with some regencies deriving up to 80% of their gross domestic product from mining.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Quantitative analysis indicates that coal mine closures will lead to projected economic losses in output, sectoral income, and employment, with the most severe impacts occurring in East Kalimantan Province.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Informal workers, particularly women and youth in sectors like logistics and food service, are disproportionately vulnerable to mine closures and often lack access to reskilling, social protection, and the digital economy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant gap in vertical coordination, as local governments are often excluded from national energy planning despite being responsible for managing the local economic and social impacts of the transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Standard quantitative economic models are insufficient for just transition planning because they fail to capture gender and social inclusion (GEDSI) impacts, necessitating a mixed-method approach that includes qualitative research.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To mitigate economic shocks, the government should prioritize strategic investment in labour-intensive, regionally relevant sectors such as food processing, sustainable agriculture, and green construction.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001724#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Coal phase-out","just transition","green economy","climate change mitigation","gender equality","social protection","economic diversity","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["East Kalimantan","South Kalimantan","South Sumatra","Jambi","Central Kalimantan","East Kutai"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic analysis","qualitative study","policy analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-003193","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-003193","title":"Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-11","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2025-11/just-transition-coal-indonesia.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the potential economic shocks of phasing out coal in Indonesia, identifying East Kalimantan as the most vulnerable province. Using a mixed-methods approach, it demonstrates that while mine closures cause significant losses in output and employment, targeted stimulus in the food and beverage and green sectors can drive recovery. The study emphasizes the disproportionate impact on informal workers and women, recommending a transition roadmap that integrates gender equality, disability, and social inclusion (GEDSI) principles and expands social safety nets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"East Kalimantan is the most economically vulnerable province to coal phase-out, with projected output losses of IDR 628.35 trillion (USD 41.89 billion), sectoral income declines of IDR 82.65 trillion (USD 5.51 billion), and employment losses exceeding 490,000 jobs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"At the regency level, East Kutai and Muara Enim are the most economically exposed. East Kutai faces output losses exceeding USD 18 billion and employment losses over 18,000, while Muara Enim faces an output loss of USD 10 billion and higher job losses of approximately 24,500.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Scenario 2, which targets sectors with the highest output multipliers (specifically food and beverage), is the most effective for maximum GRDP recovery, though it requires the highest fiscal stimulus.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Scenario 3, focusing on green sector development, is the most cost-efficient for restoring output and maximizing employment gains, creating millions of jobs in provinces like South Sumatra (3.14 million) and East Kalimantan (2.58 million).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Informal workers are highly prevalent in coal-dependent communities; in the studied area of Swarga Bara village, 58.8% of respondents were informal workers, primarily in food and beverage services and retail.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women in coal mining communities often occupy dual roles, managing households while earning lower median incomes (IDR 1.25 million) through informal work, such as small food stalls or catering.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Existing Indonesian social protection tools, such as Kartu Prakeja and BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, are insufficient for a just transition because they were not designed for green jobs and often exclude informal or precarious workers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A mixed-methods research approach is recommended for just transition planning because quantitative modelling alone cannot capture gender and social inclusion (GEDSI) impacts, which require qualitative methods like focus group discussions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003193#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Coal phase-out","just transition","green economy","renewable energy","carbon dioxide emissions","economic diversity","nature restoration"],"geography_discussed":["South Kalimantan","Central Kalimantan","South Sumatra","Jambi","East Kutai","Tanah Bumbu","North Barito","Sarolangun","Swarga Bara","Sangatta"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","socio-economic impact assessment","policy scenario analysis","qualitative field research"]},{"id":"trendas-000116","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/trendas-000116","title":"Baru Setahun Sudah Represif-Otoriter?","publisher":{"name":"Trend Asia","organization":"trend-asia"},"document_type":"report","language":"id","date_published":"2025-10","source_url":"https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Bersihkan-Indonesia-Baru-Setahun-Sudah-Fasis-Otoriter.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes the first year of the Prabowo-Gibran administration, claiming a return to 'New Order' style governance. It highlights the centralization of economic power through the Danantara sovereign wealth fund, the expansion of the military's role in civilian bureaucracy and national development projects, and a surge in the criminalization of activists and protesters. The report argues that the administration prioritizes extractive industries and the interests of political loyalists and oligarchs over public welfare and democratic principles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The administration is described as establishing a 'new New Order' based on a triad of power consisting of the military (TNI), the National Nutrition Agency (BGN), and the Gerindra Party, mirroring the ABG (ABRI, Bureaucracy, Golkar) structure of the Soeharto era.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The government has significantly expanded the military's role in civilian governance, including the appointment of 4,472 active TNI personnel to civilian positions in ministries and agencies, and the creation of 'Territorial Development Battalions' to execute national programs like food security.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Danantara sovereign wealth fund is characterized as a political-economic instrument for the regime, managing assets of approximately Rp14,000 trillion with a leadership structure dominated by political loyalists and 'Politically Exposed Persons' (PEPs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Patriot Bonds' issued by Danantara, totaling over Rp50 trillion, are analyzed as a mechanism for 'political insurance' or 'protection money' used by conglomerates to secure business permits or legal safety rather than a purely financial investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There has been a marked increase in the criminalization of citizens, with over 1,000 people targeted in one year, including 80 individuals opposing the mining industry and thousands arrested during the August 2025 protests.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The administration's economic strategy is criticized for its heavy reliance on extractive industries (nickel, coal, palm oil) and 'command economy' tactics, which the report claims leads to fiscal fragility, increased debt (Rp458 trillion added between January-September 2025), and the marginalization of the middle class.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Free Nutritious Meal' (MBG) program is highlighted as a source of patronage, with several foundations affiliated with President Prabowo and his family managing the program's kitchens.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Legislative processes for key laws, such as the 2025 revisions to the TNI Law and the BUMN Law, are described as non-transparent and lacking meaningful public participation, with 14 formal challenges to these laws being rejected by the Constitutional Court.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000116#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["extractive industry","energy transition","critical minerals","nickel mining","coal-fired power station","biofuel","green economy","decarbonization","land grabbing","environmental degradation","hydroelectricity","waste-to-energy"],"geography_discussed":["Canada","Singapore"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["political analysis","economic assessment","human rights monitoring"]},{"id":"saiia-001215","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/saiia-001215","title":"Governance in Southern Africa: Insights from Civil Society","publisher":{"name":"South African Institute of International Affairs","organization":"south-african-institute-of-international-affairs"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-09","source_url":"https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/SAIIA_SR_GovernanceCivilSociety.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines governance in Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe, highlighting a systemic gap between the adoption of policy frameworks and their actual implementation. It identifies executive dominance as a primary barrier to the separation of powers and notes that corruption and structural inequality continue to undermine economic development. Environmentally, the report emphasizes that while Africa contributes the least to global emissions, it remains the most vulnerable region to climate change, with poor environmental practices and inadequate policy coordination exacerbating the crisis. The author argues that empowering civil society and youth is essential for building state resilience and achieving sustainable development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Across the studied countries, there is a recurring trend where the executive branch dominates the other arms of government, undermining the separation of powers and judicial independence. In Botswana, Parliament is described as an executive 'puppet', while in Tanzania, the executive has a history of disregarding or nullifying judicial decisions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Corruption remains a persistent challenge that erodes public trust and weakens service delivery. Anti-corruption bodies, such as the DCEC in Botswana and the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Offences in Lesotho, struggle with a lack of autonomy and political subjugation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Severe structural inequality and economic exclusion persist, exemplified by South Africa's 'dual economy' and Zimbabwe's 'man-made' humanitarian crisis. In Zimbabwe, over 7 million people are food insecure due to governance failures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Africa is the region most vulnerable to climate change despite its low contribution to global emissions. Specific impacts include water scarcity in Botswana, recurring floods and droughts in Malawi, and a projected 2% annual GDP loss in Tanzania due to climate-related events.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Poor environmental practices and inadequate institutional capacity aggravate climate vulnerabilities. Examples include groundwater contamination from mining in Namibia and the loss of arable land due to settlement encroachment in Lesotho.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant implementation gap between the adoption of democratic and environmental frameworks and their practical application. The report notes that while frameworks exist on paper, 'implementation and delivery often remain weak'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001215#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","sustainable development","environmental governance","emergency management","water scarcity","food security","deforestation","green economy","natural resource management"],"geography_discussed":["Africa"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","synthesis of civil society submissions"]},{"id":"trendas-000104","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/trendas-000104","title":"White Paper: Valuation of Losses from the Rempang Eco City Project","publisher":{"name":"Trend Asia","organization":"trend-asia"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-09","source_url":"https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/White-Paper_-Economic-Valuation-of-Rempang-Eco-City-eng-lytd.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates the impact of the Rempang Eco City project, a National Strategic Project (PSN) intended for solar panel and alumina industries. Through economic valuation, the study finds that the average household income on Rempang Island is IDR 32.77 million per month, contradicting government claims of IDR 3 million. The research estimates that the project causes environmental losses of approximately Rp109 million per household per month, driven by the destruction of mangrove ecosystems, loss of livelihoods in fisheries and agriculture, and forced relocation. The document criticizes the project's Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL) for lacking community participation and transparency, and recommends the complete cancellation of the project to ensure socio-ecological justice.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The economic valuation of household income on Rempang Island reveals an average of IDR 32.77 million per month, which is significantly higher than the government's claim of IDR 3 million per month.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Potential environmental losses for households are estimated at Rp109 million per month, a figure approximately 3.33 times greater than the actual average household income.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The total annual value of environmental impacts from the Rempang Eco City project is estimated at Rp107,590,587,432.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project's first phase covers approximately 2,300 hectares and is divided into three zones: Zone 1 for solar panel manufacturing (1,154 ha), Zone 2 for an alumina refinery (800 ha), and Zone 3 for residential and commercial use (371.4 ha).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mangrove ecosystems provide critical indirect economic values, including wave-breaking functions valued at Rp18,518,085,600 per year and seawater intrusion prevention estimated at Rp36,196,644 per household per year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies severe failures in the Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL) process, noting that project activities began before environmental approval was issued and that community participation was minimal and 'conditioned'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project has led to the criminalization of local residents, with approximately 43 people named as suspects in 2023 for opposing the development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite government promotion of Xinyi Group as a major investor, the company stated in February 2025 that it had not initiated any eco-friendly city project nor reached any agreement or contract regarding the development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study estimates specific rehabilitation and mitigation costs, including Rp28,005,120,000 for mangrove restoration and Rp37,497,600,000 for the construction of seawalls to mitigate abrasion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"trendas-000104#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["green economy","energy transition","carbon neutrality","Just Energy Transition Partnership","environmental impact assessment","biodiversity"],"geography_discussed":["Batam","Riau Islands","Indonesia","People's Republic of China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic valuation","environmental impact analysis","social network analysis","policy review"]},{"id":"afrodad-000025","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/afrodad-000025","title":"DÉCLARATION DE SOLIDARITÉ POUR LA JOURNÉE INTERNATIONALE DE LA JEUNESSE 2025","publisher":{"name":"African Forum and Network on Debt and Development","organization":"african-forum-and-network-on-debt-and-development"},"document_type":"statement","language":"fr","date_published":"2025-08-12","source_url":"https://www.afrodad.org/campaign/statements/declaration-de-solidarite-pour-la-journee-internationale-de-la-jeunesse-2025","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Youth For Tax Justice Network and AFRODAD argue that unsustainable sovereign debt and unfair global tax rules hinder the potential of Africa's youth, demanding a UN Tax Convention and a UN Framework Convention on Sovereign Debt to prioritize people and the planet over creditors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afrodad-000025#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Africa possesses a significant youth population of over 400 million, characterized by high levels of entrepreneurship, with 22% of working-age Africans engaged in early-stage entrepreneurial activities according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afrodad-000025#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Youth in sub-Saharan Africa face a severe lack of productive employment; in 2023, the NEET rate (not in employment, education, or training) was 21.9%, exceeding the global average of 20.4%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"afrodad-000025#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","climate resilience","climate change adaptation","green economy","Sustainable Development Goals"],"geography_discussed":["Kenya","Nigeria","Uganda","Burkina Faso"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy advocacy","socio-economic analysis"]},{"id":"rmi-000374","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000374","title":"Maharashtra’s Pathway to Become a Green Hydrogen Hub","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2025-07-28","source_url":"https://rmi.org/resources/maharashtras-pathway-to-be-the-green-hydrogen-hub/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Maharashtra aims to produce 500 kilotons of green hydrogen annually by 2030. While green hydrogen is not yet cost-competitive with grey hydrogen, the report finds that state capital expenditure subsidies could reduce the levelized cost of hydrogen by 21–25 percent, from $4.5 per kg to under $3.5 per kg. On-site projects currently offer the lowest cost at approximately $4/kg, though they are limited by land constraints. The report identifies Raigarh and Ratnagiri as potential early-mover hubs and proposes a Green Hydrogen Readiness Plan focusing on seven impact areas across the value chain.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000374#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Green hydrogen in Maharashtra is currently not cost-competitive with grey hydrogen, although specific project models and incentives affect the price. On-site projects are the cheapest option at roughly $4/kg but are hindered by land constraints, while third-party models increase utilization but are more expensive.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000374#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"State-level financial interventions can significantly lower production costs. Capital expenditure subsidies can reduce the levelized cost of hydrogen by 21–25 percent, moving it from $4.5 per kg to below $3.5 per kg. Additionally, projects linked to India’s Central Transmission Utility and anchor units can see cost reductions of up to 30 percent through combined capital and operational subsidies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000374#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The state has a target to produce 500 kilotons of green hydrogen annually by 2030 and has identified Raigarh and Ratnagiri as potential early-mover hubs for this development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000374#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["green hydrogen","decarbonization","energy infrastructure","green economy"],"geography_discussed":["Raigad district","Ratnagiri district","India"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic assessment","policy analysis"]},{"id":"sei-000867","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000867","title":"National Comprehensive Green Transition Assessment Report","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-05-30","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/green-transition-assessment-moldova/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The National Comprehensive Green Transition Assessment Report evaluates Moldova's progress toward a green economy and EU alignment. Based on research conducted between November 2023 and December 2024, the document analyzes policy planning, implementation, and institutional collaboration across sectors including energy, transport, and biodiversity. It aims to identify priority areas for government reform and targeted investments from international development partners to enhance Moldova's energy security and climate resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000867#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The report evaluates Moldova's readiness for a green transition by benchmarking its progress against EU alignment and the European Green Deal, specifically examining policy planning capacities, implementation levels, institutional collaboration, R&D, digitalization, and stakeholder integration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000867#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The assessment covers a wide range of thematic areas including climate, energy, buildings and renovation, industry and circular economy, zero pollution, farm to fork, transport, and biodiversity, while also analyzing cross-cutting elements such as sustainable finance and just transition policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000867#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["green economy","climate change mitigation","energy transition","energy security","circular economy","transportation","biodiversity","sustainable finance"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["benchmarking","readiness assessment"]},{"id":"geconco-000056","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/geconco-000056","title":"Mongolia – the intertwined issue of air and soil pollution in Ulaanbaatar","publisher":{"name":"Green Economy Coalition","organization":"green-economy-coalition"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2025-05-22","source_url":"https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/news-and-resources/mongolia-the-intertwined-issue-of-air-and-soil-pollution-in-ulaanbaatar","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document details a multi-phase initiative in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, to combat pollution caused by the use of raw coal in 'ger' settlements. It highlights the role of the Economic Policy and Competitiveness Research Centre (EPCRC) in transitioning the community toward fuel-efficient briquettes, improving sanitation to prevent soil contamination, and influencing national green economy policies and legislation for women entrepreneurs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000056#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Ulaanbaatar's ger districts, which house 60% of the city's population, suffer from severe air and soil pollution due to the use of subsidised unwashed coal for heating during winters where temperatures drop below -40c.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000056#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the Mongolian government banned raw coal in ger districts in 2018 and introduced fuel-efficient compressed briquettes, soil pollution remains a critical issue, specifically the percolation of coal dust into soil and groundwater during spring snowmelt.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000056#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EPCRC has influenced national policy by contributing to the 'Green Economy Policy Assessment: Mongolia' (2018) and the 'Green Economy Policy Review of Mongolia’s Green Development Policy: Mid-Term Review' (2021), with findings integrated into 'Mongolia’s Vision-2050'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000056#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Participatory interventions by the EPCRC led to community-led sewage management schedules and the drafting of a new Law on Enhancing Economic Participation of Women Entrepreneurs to address financial barriers for female entrepreneurs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000056#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["air pollution","green economy","renewable energy","sustainable finance","climate change","waste management","sanitation","gender equality"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]},{"id":"sei-001194","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001194","title":"STRATEGIE DE DEVELOPPEMENT A LONG TERME A FAIBLE EMISSION DE CARBONE ET RESILIENT AU CLIMAT DU TOGO","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":"2025-04","source_url":"https://cdn.leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5174.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Togo's LT-LEDS 2025-2060 aims for carbon neutrality by 2060 through a 'conforming' scenario, focusing on the AFAT (Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use) and Energy sectors. The strategy requires an estimated investment of 11,920.59 billion FCFA (19.87 billion USD), with 67% allocated to mitigation and 28% to adaptation. Key goals include increasing forest cover to 30% by 2050 and achieving 75% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2060. The document also details a comprehensive adaptation plan for sectors including health, water resources, and coastal zones, while integrating gender equity and social inclusion into climate action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Togo aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 under its 'conforming' scenario, which is described as the most realistic path based on sector-specific targets and planning documents.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The total investment required to implement the LT-LEDS by 2060 is estimated at 11,920.59 billion FCFA (approximately 19.87 billion USD).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Investment needs are distributed as 8,014.93 billion FCFA (67%) for mitigation, 3,344.66 billion FCFA (28%) for adaptation, and 561 billion FCFA (5%) for transversal aspects such as education, research, and ICT.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The AFAT (Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use) sector is identified as the primary contributor to carbon neutrality, with a specific goal to increase forest cover to 30% by 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The energy sector, including transport, is the second most critical area for mitigation, targeting a renewable energy share of 75% in the energy mix by 2060.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economic analysis indicates a high return on investment for the strategy, with a cost-benefit ratio (CBR) of 9.31 and a net present value (NPV) of 32,987.2 billion FCFA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The energy sector is the most profitable investment area with a CBR of 28.1, while the waste sector is the least profitable with a CBR of 1.5.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Togo's coastal zone is highly vulnerable, with coastal erosion causing a shoreline retreat of 3 to 5 meters per year on average, and up to 10 to 12 meters in extreme segments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate projections for 2030 indicate temperature increases across all regions, with the Kara region expected to see a rise of 1.94 to 1.96°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The strategy identifies significant gender-based vulnerabilities, noting that women are overrepresented in subsistence agriculture and face limited access to land and financial resources.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To manage the LT-LEDS, Togo proposes a governance structure led by the Ministry of Planning and Development, with the Ministry of Environment as the technical arm and the Ministry of Economy and Finance as the financial arm.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The strategy includes 178 total measures: 55 for mitigation and 123 for adaptation across priority sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001194#insight-12","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon neutrality","climate finance","renewable energy","afforestation","climate change adaptation","electromobility","sustainable agriculture","coastal erosion","waste management","energy efficiency","green economy","climate resilience","Industrial decarbonization"],"geography_discussed":["Savanes Region","Kara","Centrale Region","Plateaux Region","Maritime","Lomé","Sokodé"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario modeling","cost-benefit analysis","vulnerability assessment"]},{"id":"iejza-000002","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iejza-000002","title":"Fiscal Policy and a Just Energy Transition","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Economic Justice","organization":"institute-for-economic-justice"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2025-02-28","source_url":"https://iej.org.za/resource/working-paper/fiscal-policy-and-a-just-energy-transition/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The paper proposes a state-led fiscal strategy for South Africa's energy transition, centered on a climate response fund. It recommends mobilizing domestic resources through carbon taxes, fuel levies, and mineral royalties, alongside the issuance of climate bonds. The goal is to protect vulnerable workers, particularly in coal-dependent regions like Mpumalanga, and provide an estimated R100 billion annually for climate priorities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"South Africa should establish a climate response fund supported by specific earmarked revenues: 30% of the General Fuel Levy (which earned R93 billion in 2023/24), all mineral and petroleum royalties (estimated at R15 billion annually), and half of the revenue from a progressive carbon tax.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To fund renewable energy infrastructure, the document recommends the issuance of government-issued climate bonds to create a predictable and credible funding mechanism.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Fiscal reforms, such as capping retirement contributions, could generate R20 billion annually to be redirected toward climate action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A worker-centric approach is necessary to support vulnerable workers in coal-dependent areas, specifically mentioning Mpumalanga, to ensure that poorer households are not disproportionately affected by the transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed fiscal measures could result in an estimated R100 billion annually being allocated to climate priorities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000002#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","just transition","carbon tax","green industrial policy","fiscal policy","green economy"],"geography_discussed":["Mpumalanga"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy recommendation","fiscal analysis"]},{"id":"geconco-000046","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/geconco-000046","title":"Unlocking the potential of Green Enterprises in Peru","publisher":{"name":"Green Economy Coalition","organization":"green-economy-coalition"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2025-02-07","source_url":"https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/news-and-resources/unlocking-the-potential-of-green-enterprises-in-peru","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the Collective Benefit Enterprise (BIC) initiative in Peru, noting that while the law was passed in February 2021, progress has been stalled by a 2022 political crisis and systemic barriers. Research by the Libélula Institute for Global Change reveals minimal awareness of the BIC status among consumers and organisations, with only 45 certified entities currently existing. Key obstacles include cumbersome legal processes, a lack of clear government guidance, the high cost of compliance for small enterprises, and inconsistent requirements for annual impact reports. The report argues that the Ministry of Production's ID Produce department must lead the initiative's reactivation, supported by the 'Tu Empresa' service and a network of private sector, academic, and financial partners to expand the green enterprise community.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Collective Benefit Enterprise (BIC) law, passed in February 2021 to certify green organisations and increase consumer awareness, has seen very slow progress due to the 2022 Peruvian political crisis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant lack of awareness regarding the BIC initiative among potential organisations and consumers, resulting in only 45 certified organisations, most of which are universities or entities that proactively sought the status.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Several systemic barriers hinder the adoption of BIC status, including a lack of clear government guidance, the high cost of legal compliance for small enterprises, and the absence of a consistent format or regulation for mandatory annual impact reports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Tu Empresa' government service, intended to advise MSE entrepreneurs, is currently ineffective in promoting the BIC initiative because its staff possess limited knowledge of the programme.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Successful revitalisation of the BIC initiative requires leadership from the Innovation, Technology, Digitalization, and Formalisation Department (ID Produce) within the Ministry of Production, supported by academia, NGOs, and financial institutions like rural banks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"geconco-000046#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["green economy"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study"]}]}