{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"climate_tags":["global warming"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'global warming' for facet 'climate_tags' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":6,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=global+warming","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"cambioco-000002","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cambioco-000002","title":"¿Qué son los glaciares y cuál es el impacto de su derretimiento?","publisher":{"name":"Somos El Cambio","organization":"somos-el-cambio"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"es","date_published":"2023-01-23","source_url":"https://cambio.com.co/articulo/que-son-los-glaciares-y-cual-es-el-impacto-de-su-derretimiento/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This fact sheet explains the formation and types of glaciers, the drivers and consequences of their melting due to global warming, and the importance of legal protections for these freshwater reserves, highlighting Argentina's National Glacier Law.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000002#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Glaciers are categorized into two types: alpine or mountain glaciers, which form in high mountain ranges and cover approximately 706,000 square kilometers globally, and continental or ice cap glaciers, which formed during the Ice Age at the poles, such as those in Greenland (1.8 million square kilometers) and Antarctica (13 million square kilometers).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000002#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Between 2000 and 2019, Earth's glaciers lost an average of 267 gigatonnes of ice per year, contributing between 18% and 23% of the observed sea level rise. Climate change effects have contributed 27 millimeters to the average global sea level increase, leading to coastal soil erosion, wetland flooding and pollution, climate-driven migrations, loss of flora and fauna, and more powerful hurricanes and typhoons.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000002#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Argentina has implemented the National Glacier Law, which is currently the only such law in Latin America. This legislation establishes a minimum budget regime to preserve glaciers and periglacial environments, treating them as strategic water reserves, sources of scientific information, biodiversity protectors, and tourist attractions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000002#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["glaciers","sea level rise","global warming","freshwater reserves","climate policy"],"geography_discussed":["Greenland","Antarctica","Bolivia","Argentina"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Fact sheet"]},{"id":"cambioco-000004","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cambioco-000004","title":"¿Qué es el calentamiento global y cómo afecta a nuestro planeta?","publisher":{"name":"Somos El Cambio","organization":"somos-el-cambio"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"es","date_published":"2023-01-06","source_url":"https://cambio.com.co/articulo/que-es-el-calentamiento-global-y-como-afecta-a-nuestro-planeta/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This fact sheet defines global warming as the excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, explains its causes rooted in human activity, details its environmental consequences, and outlines global political commitments and individual actions to mitigate the phenomenon.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000004#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global warming is caused by an excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the Earth's atmosphere, which trap heat and lead to high temperatures. While the greenhouse effect is a natural process, the increased concentration of these gases in recent decades has created a temperature imbalance. Global warming is identified as one of the factors that trigger climate change by altering weather patterns.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000004#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Human activities are the primary drivers of increased GHG emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Key contributing activities include: the burning of fossil fuels (natural gas, oil, and coal) for energy; agricultural practices, which increase methane through animal digestion, promote deforestation, and release nitrous oxide via fertilizers; and the decomposition of industrial and household waste, which NASA identifies as a source of highly active methane.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000004#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The consequences of global warming include the melting of polar ice caps and rising sea levels that threaten coastal areas, changes in ocean pH levels leading to the loss of marine organisms, and the occurrence of extreme weather events. Additionally, it causes ecosystem imbalances, the extinction of flora and fauna due to habitat modification, and mass migrations of climate refugees.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000004#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Global efforts to combat global warming include the establishment of the IPCC in 1988, the 1992 creation of the UNFCCC, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the Convention to Combat Desertification. Other key milestones include the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to reduce GHG emissions, the 2009 COP 15 agreement to limit temperature increases to 1.5º, and the 2015 Paris Agreement, which commits countries to reversing the current trend of global warming.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cambioco-000004#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["global warming","greenhouse gases","climate change","fossil fuels","deforestation","paris agreement","ipcc"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["fact sheet"]},{"id":"iai-000916","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000916","title":"Decisión XXVI/12, Decisión XXVI/13 y Decisión XXVI/14: Rede Clima, Asociación Americana para el Avance de la Ciencia (AAAS), y Tierra Futura","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"es","date_published":"2019-04-09","source_url":"https://archive.iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/iai-cop-27-13-sp_0.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This briefing document, prepared by the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), provides an update on the implementation of decisions to invite Rede Clima, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and Terra Futura as Associates. It also proposes a review of the mechanisms used to establish the IAI's regional network of cooperating entities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The IAI is continuing discussions with Rede Clima regarding its role as an Associate, including the potential establishment of a Nitrogen Center of Excellence in partnership with the National Institute for Space Research. This follows findings from the IAI CRN3005 network that the region lacks common directives, frameworks, or specific nitrogen policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) became an Associate following an invitation sent on July 9, 2018, and the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding in Washington, DC, on September 14, 2018. The AAAS supports the IAI in organizing capacity-building workshops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Terra Futura was invited to be an Associate on July 9, 2018, following a long-term relationship and a 2017 Memorandum of Understanding. Cooperation activities include a side event at COP-24 with the German Terra Futura Committee to discuss the IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C and the 2030 Agenda, focusing on regional and national risks to human well-being and ecosystems.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The IAI currently has five Associates: the International Earth Information Network Center, the Humid Tropics Water Center for Latin America and the Caribbean, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Terra Futura. However, only one Research Center has been established: AQUASEC (IAI Center of Excellence for Water Security) at the University of Arizona and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. No Affiliated Research Institutions have ever been established under Article X of the Agreement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The IAI Executive Directorate recommends that the Conference of the Parties direct it to work with the Scientific Advisory Committee and the Science and Policy Advisory Committee to review the implementation of Articles IX, X, and XI of the Agreement. The goal is to recommend a process to increase the number of Affiliated Research Institutions and Research Centers by the 28th meeting of the Conference of the Parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000916#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["capacity building","nitrogen policies","water security","ecosystem risks","global warming"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["institutional update","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"ciel-000136","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ciel-000136","title":"(Mis)Calculated Risk and Climate Change – Are Rating Agencies Repeating Credit Crisis Mistakes?","publisher":{"name":"Center for International Environmental Law","organization":"center-for-international-environmental-law"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2015-06-24","source_url":"https://www.ciel.org/reports/miscalculated-risk-and-climate-change-are-rating-agencies-repeating-credit-crisis-mistakes-june-2015/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that credit rating agencies may be artificially inflating the value of companies contributing to global warming by failing to account for climate risks, potentially repeating the systemic underestimation of risk seen during the credit crisis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000136#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Credit rating agencies may be repeating the errors of the credit crisis by underestimating risk, which could negatively impact the global financial system because they do not adequately account for climate risks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000136#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"By adopting a 'business as usual' approach to fossil fuel investment, rating agencies are assuming a trajectory that would lead to global warming of 4° Celsius or more, despite nearly 200 nations agreeing to limit warming to below 2°C, and some calling for below 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000136#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The failure to incorporate climate risk into assessments may lead to the artificial inflation of financial values and credit ratings for companies that contribute to global warming, creating risks for the climate and investors, and potentially exposing the rating agencies to legal liability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000136#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["climate risk","fossil fuel investment","global warming","credit rating agencies"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["risk assessment","financial analysis"]},{"id":"eesi-000133","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/eesi-000133","title":"The Montreal Protocol and its Implications for Climate Change","publisher":{"name":"Environmental and Energy Study Institute","organization":"environmental-and-energy-study-institute"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2009-10-06","source_url":"https://www.eesi.org/papers/view/issue-brief-the-montreal-protocol-and-its-implications-for-climate-change","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags"],"summary":{"text":"The Montreal Protocol has successfully phased out ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) to restore the ozone layer, but it failed to address the high global warming potential of ODSs and their substitutes, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). The document highlights the risk of unaddressed ODS banks and the rapid rise of HFC emissions, which could account for 9-19% of global CO2-equivalent emissions by 2050 under business-as-usual scenarios.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000133#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Montreal Protocol successfully targeted the phase-out of ozone depleting substances (ODSs) to restore stratospheric ozone to pre-1980s levels by the second half of this century, but it failed to address the global warming potential of these substances and their substitutes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000133#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Existing banks of ODSs remain a significant risk because the treaty did not incentivize their controlled destruction; if not addressed in the next 20 years, these chemicals may be released, impacting both ozone depletion and global warming.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000133#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The transition to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) as ODS substitutes has increased atmospheric prevalence of gases with high global warming potential. HFCs have a GWP 100 to 12,500 times that of CO2 by mass, and a 2009 study suggests they could account for 9 to 19 percent of projected global CO2-equivalent emissions by 2050 under a business-as-usual scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000133#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas","ozone depletion","global warming"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":[]},{"id":"ciel-000193","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ciel-000193","title":"Petitioning for Adverse Impacts of Global Warming in the Inter-American Human Rights System","publisher":{"name":"Center for International Environmental Law","organization":"center-for-international-environmental-law"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2002-01-01","source_url":"https://www.ciel.org/reports/petitioning-for-adverse-impacts-of-global-warming-in-the-inter-american-human-rights-system-2002-cielearthjustice-goldberg-wagner-2/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This research paper explores the potential for bringing human rights complaints against the United States due to the adverse impacts of global warming, particularly focusing on the threats to the fundamental rights of indigenous inhabitants of the Arctic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000193#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global warming, caused by human activities, results in direct impacts such as sea-level rise, higher temperatures, and melting glaciers, which lead to indirect consequences including decreased crop yields, increased illness in poor communities, and damage to essential resources like drinking water and fisheries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000193#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"For indigenous peoples in the Arctic, such as the Inuit, Yupik, and Inupiat, global warming threatens fundamental rights including the rights to life, personal security, health, means of subsistence, and the benefits of culture.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000193#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The paper analyzes the feasibility of human rights complaints against the United States, noting that while states have primary responsibility, there may also be grounds for claims against U.S. corporations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ciel-000193#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["global warming","human rights","indigenous peoples","arctic","climate litigation"],"geography_discussed":["Arctic"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["legal analysis"]}]}