{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"climate_tags":["fugitive emissions"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'fugitive emissions' for facet 'climate_tags' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=fugitive+emissions","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"cer-001135","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001135","title":"LIFE AFTER COAL COMMENTS ON DRAFT 8TH NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"statement","language":"en","date_published":"2022-08-31","source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Life_After_Coal_Comments_-_Draft_8th_National_Greenhouse_Gas_Inventory_Report_31_August_20221-1.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Centre for Environmental Rights, representing the Life After Coal/Impilo Ngaphandle Kwamalahle Campaign, submitted comments on the Draft 8th National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report (NGHGIR) on 31 August 2022. The submission argues that the draft significantly undercounts methane emissions due to the omission of fugitive emissions from the oil and gas industry, pipeline transport, and abandoned mines, and criticizes the use of outdated global warming potential (GWP) metrics and low emission factors for coal mining.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Draft 8th NGHGIR uses a methane global warming potential (GWP) of 21 times that of CO2 based on the 1996 IPCC Second Assessment Report, which the Campaign argues grossly understates the actual impact compared to a 20-year horizon GWP of 84.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The report fails to estimate fugitive methane emissions from oil and natural gas industries, despite a commitment in the 7th NGHGIR (2017) to include them in the next submission.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Methane emissions from pipeline transport (Item 1A3ei) have not been estimated, despite a network totaling 2,618 km, including the ROMPCO pipeline from Mozambique to Sasol’s Secunda plant and networks operated by Sasol Gas and PetroSA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The Draft 8th NGHGIR has not estimated methane emissions from abandoned mines (IPCC Category 1B1ai2), despite these being identified as necessary in the 7th NGHGIR.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The emission factors used for coal mining and handling are criticized as being extremely low, with underground mining factors at 1/24th of the IPCC default and surface mining factors set to zero.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The Campaign expresses concern that the lack of baseline methane estimates occurs while the Gas Master Plan envisions increasing gas usage from 2.6% to 15.7% of South Africa's total energy mix.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The submission recommends that the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment increase transparency by making GHG emission reports and pollution prevention plans automatically available online.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001135#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas inventory","methane","fugitive emissions","coal phase-out","natural gas","transparency"],"geography_discussed":["Mozambique"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Policy Comment","Technical Critique"]},{"id":"cer-000422","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000422","title":"R307-205-5. Fugitive Dust","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":"2005-07-07","source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Annexure-B-Utah-Standards-for-Fugitive-Emissions-and-Fugitive-Dust.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This documentS document outlines regulatory standards for the minimization of fugitive dust across various activities, including material storage, construction, demolition, road maintenance, mining, and the management of tailings piles and ponds.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Persons owning or operating material storage, handling, or hauling operations are required to minimize fugitive dust using methods such as covers, enclosures, or stabilization, as approved by the director.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"For construction and demolition, specific dust minimization steps are required for land clearing, leveling, earthmoving, or excavation on areas larger than one-quarter acre, as well as for the demolition of structures and removal of paving materials. Control measures may include watering, chemical stabilization, synthetic or vegetative covers, and wind breaks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Road-related fugitive dust is managed by requiring the prompt cleaning of paved roads after the deposit of dust-creating materials. Additionally, the director may request traffic count information from road owners or operators to evaluate the adequacy of existing control techniques.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Mining operations are subject to specific regulations (R307-205-7) distinct from general fugitive dust rules. Operators must minimize dust during site preparation, mining, and reclamation using a wide array of techniques, including paving or watering unpaved roads, restricting vehicle speeds, using conveyor systems instead of haul trucks, and implementing prompt revegetation of regraded lands.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Tailings piles and ponds are regulated under R307-205-8. Operators must take steps to minimize dust resulting from erosion, grading, excavating, or depositing, utilizing methods such as watering, chemical or synthetic covers, vegetative covers, wind breaks, and restricting vehicle speeds.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000422#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["air pollution","fugitive emissions","mining","tailings"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["regulatory standards"]},{"id":"cer-000319","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000319","title":"anglo-ghg-report-ea3842a6ba3ee0e7.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Anglo-GHG-report.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document consists of greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting notes and data tables submitted in March 2019 for Anglo American operations in South Africa. It details the calculation methodologies for fugitive methane and carbon dioxide emissions from coal mining for Anglo Operations (Pty) Ltd and provides emission data for Anglo American Platinum and Anglo American Inyosi Coal for the year 2018.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000319#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Anglo American Coal South Africa utilizes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2006 Tier 2 methodology to estimate CO2 and CH4 emissions, following the April 2017 Technical Guidelines from the Department of Environmental Affairs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000319#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Under the applied methodology, fugitive emissions from opencast coal mines are recorded as zero, regardless of the volume of tonnes produced.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000319#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Anglo Operations (Pty) Ltd (AOPL) comprises four specific operations: Greenside Underground, Goedehoop Underground, Khwezela Opencast, and Isibonelo.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000319#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"For the 2018 data year, Anglo American Platinum reported total emissions of 495,099 tonnes of CO2, 14.04 tonnes of CH4, and 2.86 tonnes of N2O across its Polokwane Smelter, Waterval Smelter & ACP, Mortimer Smelter, and Rustenburg Base Metals Refinery.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000319#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas reporting","fugitive emissions","coal mining","methane","carbon dioxide"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Regulatory Reporting","Emissions Inventory"]},{"id":"cer-000909","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000909","title":"eskom-hendrina-april-2014-to-march-2015-annual-report-scanned-report-45d087b922d981c6.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Eskom-Hendrina-April-2014-to-March-2015-Annual-Report-Scanned-report.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This annual report details dust deposition monitoring at the Eskom Hendrina Power Station from April 2014 to March 2015. Using a network of twenty single-bucket monitors, the study measured dust fallout rates against the South African National Dust Control Regulations, 2013. The findings indicate that the vast majority of sites remained within residential limits, with only two non-residential sites recording temporary exceedances.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The dust monitoring network consisted of twenty single-bucket monitors commissioned in April 2014, achieving 100% data availability for the period from April 2014 to March 2015.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Most dust fall measurements fell within the residential category (99%), with only two instances of non-residential category levels recorded.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Two non-residential sites exceeded the residential dust fall limit during specific months: Coal Stockyard 2 in August and Coal Stockyard 3 in July. These exceedances were deemed permissible due to the sites' non-residential classification.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"All monitoring sites recorded annual average dust fall rates below the residential threshold limit. The highest annual average was 306 mg/m²/day at Coal Stockyard 2, and the lowest was 52 mg/m²/day at Quarry 1.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Meteorological data from the Ermelo weather station showed that winds predominantly blew from the East during the monitoring period. Total annual rainfall for April 2014 to March 2015 was 466 mm, with the highest monthly rainfall occurring in December 2014 (111.4 mm) and no rainfall recorded in May and July 2014.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000909#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["dust deposition","air quality","environmental monitoring","fugitive emissions"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["monitoring report","compliance assessment"]}]}