{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"climate_tags":["emission monitoring"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'emission monitoring' for facet 'climate_tags' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":7,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?climate_tags=emission+monitoring","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"cer-000323","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000323","title":"ankerlig-power-station-_-inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-160428-b61b9d8bcd352ce6.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ankerlig-Power-Station-_-Inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-160428.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a work package guide (Doc No.: 192/E/6, Revision 2) for the inspection and calibration of the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) at the Ankerlig Power Station. It outlines the safety precautions, required tools, and step-by-step technical procedures for maintaining general equipment and calibrating NO, CO, and SO2 analysers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000323#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment is a yearly requirement that requires one competent person and a planned duration of approximately 3 hours.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000323#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"General equipment checks include verifying the operation of the air conditioner and heater, testing indication panel lamps, and inspecting filters for fouling, which is indicated by brown or yellow discoloration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000323#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The oxygen sensor must be replaced if its voltage drops below 6 mV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000323#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Calibration checks for NO, CO, and SO2 using the Ultramat gas analyser require a test gas flow of 60 to 80 l/h at a pressure of approximately 0.2 bar; the analyser must be recalibrated if there is a deviation of more than 2%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000323#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","power station maintenance","air quality"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["technical guide","maintenance procedure"]},{"id":"cer-000324","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000324","title":"ankerlig-power-station-_-inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-160915-c1b41b82fbe0bf39.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ankerlig-Power-Station-_-Inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-160915.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a work package (Doc No.: 192/E/6, Revision 2) for the inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment within the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) at the Ankerlig Power Station. It outlines the safety precautions, required tools, and step-by-step technical procedures for checking general equipment and calibrating NO, CO, and SO2 analysers using an Ultramat gas analyser.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000324#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment is a yearly requirement that is planned to take approximately 3 hours and requires one competent person.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000324#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"General equipment checks include testing indication panel lamps, cleaning the compartment with a vacuum cleaner, verifying the operation of the heater and air conditioner, and inspecting filters for fouling, which is indicated by brown or yellow discoloration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000324#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The procedure for calibrating NO, CO, and SO2 analysers involves using a gas bottle and an Ultramat gas analyser. The system must be purged with test gas for at least 5 minutes; if the analyser display readings deviate by more than 2% from the test certificate values, the analyser must be recalibrated.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000324#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Specific maintenance thresholds are defined for the oxygen sensor, which must be replaced if its voltage drops below 6 mV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000324#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","power station maintenance"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["technical procedure","maintenance guide"]},{"id":"cer-000326","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000326","title":"ankerlig-power-station-_-inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-161203-44e45bb7d5b922a6.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ankerlig-Power-Station-_-Inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-161203.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a work package and task list (Doc No.: 192/E/6, Revision 2) for the inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment at the Ankerlig Power Station. It outlines the safety precautions, required tools, and step-by-step technical procedures for maintaining the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS), specifically focusing on the calibration of NO, CO, and SO2 analysers using an Ultramat gas analyser.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000326#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment is a yearly requirement that is planned to take approximately 3 hours and requires one competent person.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000326#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"General equipment checks include testing indication panel lamps, cleaning the compartment with a vacuum cleaner, verifying the operation of the heater and air conditioner, and inspecting filters for fouling, which is indicated by brown or yellow discoloration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000326#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The calibration procedure for NO, CO, and SO2 analysers involves using a test gas cylinder with a pressure above 5 bar, maintaining a flow of 60 to 80 l/h at a pressure of +/- 0.2 bar, and purging the system for at least 5 minutes. If the analyser display deviates by more than 2% from the test certificate values, it must be recalibrated.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000326#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Specific maintenance thresholds are set for the oxygen sensor, which must be replaced if its voltage drops below 6 mV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000326#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","power station maintenance","air quality monitoring"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["technical procedure","maintenance guide"]},{"id":"cer-000327","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000327","title":"ankerlig-power-station-_-inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-170228-ee7c388f2b6e4387.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ankerlig-Power-Station-_-Inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-170228.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a technical procedure and work package record for the inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment at the Ankerlig Power Station, specifically focusing on the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000327#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The general equipment check procedure for the emission monitoring system includes testing indication panel lamps, vacuuming the compartment, verifying the operation of the heater and air conditioner, and inspecting filters for fouling, which is indicated by brown or yellow discoloration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000327#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Maintenance of the oxygen sensor requires replacement if the voltage drops below 6 mV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000327#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The calibration check process for NO, CO, and SO2 analysers involves switching the system to maintenance mode, using test gas at a pressure of +/- 0.2 bar and a flow of 60—80 l/h, and purging the system for at least 5 minutes. If the analyser display readings deviate by more than 2% from the test certificate values, the analyser must be recalibrated.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000327#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The calibration of IR channels on the Ultramat gas analyser is performed through a specific menu sequence: selecting \"Calibration\", then \"Calibrate IR channels\", \"Choose component\", \"Set span gas values\", and finally \"Start calibration\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000327#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","power station maintenance","cems"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["technical procedure","maintenance record"]},{"id":"cer-000328","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000328","title":"ankerlig-power-station-_-inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-170316-3ef2eace2a20d912.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"guide","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ankerlig-Power-Station-_-Inspection-and-calibration-of-equipment-170316.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a technical guide and work package record for the inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment at the Ankerlig Power Station, operated by Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd. It outlines the safety precautions, required tools, and step-by-step procedures for maintaining the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS), specifically focusing on the calibration of NO, CO, and SO2 analysers using an Ultramat gas analyser.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000328#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The inspection and calibration of emission monitoring equipment is a yearly requirement that takes approximately 3 hours and requires one competent person.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000328#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"General equipment checks include testing indication panel lamps, cleaning the compartment with a vacuum cleaner, verifying the operationS operation of the heater and air conditioner, and inspecting filters for fouling, which is indicated by brown or yellow discoloration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000328#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The procedure for calibrating NO, CO, and SO2 analysers involves using an Ultramat gas analyser and test gas cylinders. The system must be purged with test gas for at least 5 minutes, and if the deviation between the analyser display and the test certificate values exceeds 2%, the analyser must be recalibrated.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000328#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Specific maintenance thresholds are set for the oxygen sensor, which must be replaced if the voltage drops below 6 mV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000328#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","s"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["energy transition"]},{"id":"cer-000424","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000424","title":"annexure-b_gem08_l227-working-group-5-submission-jan09-1-7b1588d13bd348ca.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"statement","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Annexure-B_GEM08_L227-Working-group-5-submission-Jan09-1.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a submission from Eskom to Working Group 5 of the SABS Sub-Committee 146A regarding the setting of Minimum Emission Standards. The proposal, adapted from European Union Directive 2001/80/EC, outlines Eskom's recommendations for emission monitoring, reporting, and compliance assessment, specifically tailored for the power generation sector in South Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000424#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Eskom proposes specific continuous emission monitoring requirements based on plant type and capacity. For coal-fired plants with a rated thermal input of 300 MW or more, dust concentrations must be measured continuously for each flue, while SO2 and NOx should be measured continuously for at least one unit per plant. Eskom intends to have continuous emission monitoring systems installed on all units of existing coal-fired power stations by 2074, and on all units of new coal-fired plants of 300 MW or more constructed from 2010 onwards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000424#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The submission outlines technical standards for monitoring and reporting. Continuous measurements of oxygen content, temperature, pressure, and velocity of waste gases are proposed from 2014. Automated measuring systems should undergo correlation tests at least every four years, with spot measurements two years later. Emissions should be reported to the relevant authority every 3 months if continuous monitoring or monthly calculations are used.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000424#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Eskom defines compliance with emission limit values based on validated average values. Compliance is met if no validated monthly average exceeds the limit and 90% of validated hourly average values over the year do not exceed 200% of the limit, or if the limit is exceeded for no more than 30 hours per unit per month. Values measured during start-up, shut down, emergency generation, on-load rebags, and granted exemption periods are to be disregarded in these calculations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000424#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"The proposal recommends that abnormal emissions during plant start-ups, shut-downs, and upset conditions be excluded from compliance evaluations. For coal-fired plants, emission levels should fall below the limit value within 72 hours of the unit synchronising; otherwise, the power station must take immediate corrective action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000424#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["emission monitoring","air pollutants","power generation","minimum emission standards","coal-fired power plants"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Policy proposal","Technical recommendation"]},{"id":"cer-000896","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-000896","title":"emission-monitor-availability-and-correlation-reports-00c75c1a1ef36e05.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Emission-Monitor-Availability-and-Correlation-Reports.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"A letter from Eskom to the Nkangala District Municipality reporting on the availability of continuous emission monitors at Kriel Power Station for the 2015/16 financial year, as required by the Minimum Emission Standards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000896#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Kriel Power Station reported zero data availability for SO and NOx between 01 April 2015 and 31 May 2015. This failure was attributed to damaged gas monitor analyzers caused by an insufficient compressor air supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000896#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"While average continuous emission monitor availability generally exceeded 80% for all measured parameters, the South Stack's SOx and NOx monitors were exceptions. The underperformance was caused by damaged electro-cells inside analyzers and gaseous monitor filters that frequently blocked due to condensation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000896#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"To resolve the issues with monitor filter blockage, dedicated compressed air dryers were installed in each stack to maintain dry conditions for the filters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-000896#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["air pollution","emission monitoring","power generation"],"geography_discussed":["Nkangala District Municipality"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Compliance reporting"]}]}