{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["tracking"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":10,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=tracking","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"gem-000044","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000044","title":"Ascensão e Queda 2025 Rastreamento global das usinas de carvão","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"pt","date_published":"2025-04","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-and-Bust-Coal-2025-Portuguese_3.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"In 2024, the world commissioned the lowest amount of new coal capacity in twenty years (44 GW), though global capacity still saw a net increase of 18.8 GW. While the EU27 quadrupled its retirements and the UK closed its last coal plant, China and India saw record construction starts and proposals, respectively. Outside these two nations, development capacity has fallen for ten consecutive years. In Latin America, new proposals are nearly zero, though Brazil continues to provide significant government subsidies to keep existing plants operational despite the competitiveness of renewables.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The year 2024 marked the lowest level of new coal power production in two decades, with 44 GW commissioned, which is nearly 30 GW below the 2004-2024 annual average of 72 GW.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite low new production, global coal capacity increased by a net 18.8 GW in 2024 because the 44 GW of new capacity exceeded the 25.2 GW retired.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"China and India dominated new coal developments in 2024, together accounting for 92% of the world's proposed coal capacity (107 GW out of 116 GW). China had its highest number of construction starts since 2015 (94 GW), and India saw a record 38 GW in new proposals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The European Union (EU27) saw coal retirements quadruple in 2023, rising from 2.7 GW to 11 GW, with Germany leading the trend at 6.7 GW. The United Kingdom became the sixth country to fully eliminate coal power since the 2015 Paris Agreement by closing its last plant.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Brazil, government subsidies maintain coal plants despite their high costs and the competitiveness of renewables. Between 2020 and 2024, the government spent an average of R$ 1.07 billion (US$ 185 million) annually on coal generation subsidies. There is a risk that legislative actions could reinstate R$ 92 billion (US$ 16 billion) in contracted subsidies, potentially extending the operation of plants like Jorge Lacerda until 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Latin American coal proposals are nearly non-existent, with development capacity falling to 0.8 GW in 2024. Chile has closed 11 plants since 2018 and has committed to further retirements of 2.1 GW in 2025. Panama has committed to a total coal phase-out by 2026.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the OECD countries, coal plant proposals dropped from 142 in 2015 to five currently. However, to meet the Paris Agreement, annual retirements in the region must increase from 19 GW in 2024 to 70 GW by 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000044#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["coal-fired power station","energy transition","climate finance","fossil fuel subsidy","Paris Agreement","renewable energy","just transition","Cofiring","Nationally Determined Contributions"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","India","European Union","United Kingdom","United States","Indonesia","Brazil","Chile","Colombia","Panama","Dominican Republic","Germany","Japan","South Korea","Zimbabwe","Zambia","South Africa","Honduras","Mexico","Argentina"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","policy assessment"]},{"id":"clipolin-000143","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000143","title":"Public Development Banks' Climate Commitments 2024","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2024-12-18","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/public-development-banks-climate-commitments-2024/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report tracks 170 public development banks (PDBs) holding USD 21.8 trillion in assets, finding that climate ambition is plateauing. Despite the need for a six-fold increase in global climate finance flows by 2030, fewer than half of the tracked institutions have pledged full alignment with the Paris Agreement, and the rate of new commitments is declining.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000143#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Climate ambition among public development banks is plateauing, with a declining rate of new commitments despite the urgent need for scaled-up climate finance support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000143#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Less than half of the 170 tracked public development banks—specifically 70 institutions—have committed to fully aligning their operations with the Paris Agreement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000143#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Between 2016 and 2022, a polarization of climate ambition occurred where institutions either adopted comprehensive commitments or very limited ones, with few moving between these two states.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000143#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To meet average global climate finance needs by 2030, global climate finance flows must increase six-fold compared to the levels tracked in 2022.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000143#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","assessment"]},{"id":"gem-000060","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000060","title":"2024 活況と不況－石炭 世界の石炭火力発電所の計画追跡","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"ja","date_published":"2024-04","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2024-Japanese_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This document is a Japanese translation of an excerpt from the 'Boom & Bust Coal 2024' report by Global Energy Monitor and its partners. It tracks global coal-fired power plant plans as of April 2024, highlighting a contradiction where global coal capacity reached record highs in 2023 despite a general trend of shrinking development pipelines in most countries except China.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000060#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global coal-fired power capacity increased by 48.4 GW (2%) in 2023, reaching a total of 2,130 GW, with China accounting for two-thirds of this growth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000060#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"While new coal construction starts reached their lowest level since 2015 outside of China, China saw a contrary trend with new starts increasing for four consecutive years, reaching an eight-year high.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000060#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Japan ranks 4th globally in coal capacity, reaching 55.1 GW in 2023 after the completion of the Kobe, Saijo, and Yokosuka plants. Despite a 97.6% decrease in new plans since 2015, one 'zombie' project remains: the 0.5 GW GENESIS Matsushima plant planned by J-POWER for a 2026 start, which utilizes biomass, ammonia, and hydrogen co-firing and CCS technology.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000060#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Japan lacks a planned coal phase-out target, with only 1.9 GW (3.4%) of its operating capacity having scheduled closure dates. The document notes Japan's opposition during the April 2023 G7 meeting to adopting 2030 as a formal phase-out date for unabated coal power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000060#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["coal-fired power","energy transition","phase-out","paris agreement","carbon capture and storage (ccs)"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","India","European Union","United Kingdom","United States","Turkey","Indonesia","Pakistan","Bangladesh","Laos","Philippines","South Korea","Australia","Central Asia","Middle East and North Africa","sub-Saharan Africa","Latin America and the Caribbean","Zimbabwe","Brazil"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Tracking","Policy Analysis"]},{"id":"napglob-000349","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000349","title":"Seguimiento de los avances en la integración de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza en los procesos de los planes nacionales de adaptación","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"es","date_published":"2024","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/napgn-es-2025-tracking-progress-nbs-eba-nap-processes.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document reports a growing trend of integrating nature-based solutions (NbS) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) into National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), noting that all analyzed NAPs include at least one such measure. While most NAPs identify biodiversity and ecosystems as priority sectors, only 53% reference a national biodiversity plan or strategy, suggesting a need for closer synergy between climate and biodiversity planning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000349#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is an increasing trend of incorporating the terms nature-based solutions (NbS) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) into NAP documents, with all NAPs now including one or more measures related to NbS and/or EbA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000349#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"NAPs frequently identify biodiversity, ecosystems, and the environment as priority sectors, with specific ecosystem types mentioned across various plans: forests (44 NAPs), coastal or marine zones (42 NAPs), agricultural lands (37 NAPs), freshwater (34 NAPs), and wetlands (18 NAPs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000349#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Commonly implemented NbS/EbA measures in NAPs include sustainable management (52 NAPs), restoration (48 NAPs), conservation (40 NAPs), climate-smart agriculture (31 NAPs), and protection (19 NAPs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000349#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["nature-based solutions","ecosystem-based adaptation","national adaptation plan","biodiversity","climate change adaptation","Climate-smart agriculture","ecological restoration"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","policy analysis"]},{"id":"gem-000050","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000050","title":"活況と不況－石炭 世界の石炭火力発電所の計画追跡","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"ja","date_published":"2023-04","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Japanese_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report indicates that while global coal power is trending toward an end, the pace of phase-out is insufficient to meet Paris Agreement targets. China is a major outlier, with a surge in new plant approvals and construction that contrasts with a general decline in new projects outside its borders. In Japan, while new project scales are shrinking, operational capacity increased in 2022, and very few plants have confirmed closure dates.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000050#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global coal power capacity is increasingly subject to climate targets, with one-third of operational capacity (580 GW) having set closure dates and another 1,400 GW covered by carbon neutral goals, leaving only 5% of global plants outside national commitments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000050#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"China's coal expansion is diverging from global trends; in 2022, China's capacity under development increased by 38% (from 266 GW to 366 GW), while capacity in the rest of the world decreased by 20% (from 214 GW to 172 GW). China now accounts for 68% of the world's total coal capacity under development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000050#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The G7 holds 15% (323 GW) of global operational coal capacity and committed in 2022 to phase out unabated coal power by 2035, though the report notes that achieving this requires action by 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000050#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["coal-fired power station","energy transition","Paris Agreement","carbon neutrality","decarbonization","climate finance","Cofiring","carbon capture and storage"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Japan","United States","European Union","India","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","assessment"]},{"id":"eesi-000214","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/eesi-000214","title":"2022 Climate, Environmental, and Energy Congressional Hearings Tracker","publisher":{"name":"Environmental and Energy Study Institute","organization":"environmental-and-energy-study-institute"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2022-12-16","source_url":"https://www.eesi.org/files/EESI_s_2022_Climate%2C_Environmental%2C_and_Energy_Congressional_Hearing_Tracker.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The 2022 Climate, Environmental, and Energy Congressional Hearings Tracker catalogs hearings held by various U.S. House and Senate committees. The tracker covers a wide array of topics including the Inflation Reduction Act, the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, electric vehicle infrastructure, methane pollution, and agricultural resiliency. It details the specific dates and titles of hearings across committees such as the House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis and the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The House of Representatives conducted hearings across 13 different committees on climate and energy topics, with the Science, Space, and Technology Committee holding the most sessions (15), followed by the Agriculture Committee (14) and the Natural Resources Committee (12).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Senate conducted hearings across 11 different committees, with the Environment and Public Works Committee holding the highest number of sessions (17), followed by the Energy and Natural Resources Committee (14).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Congressional focus in 2022 included the implementation of major legislation, specifically the \"Bipartisan Infrastructure Law\" and the \"Inflation Reduction Act\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Substantive legislative and policy attention was given to the transition to electric vehicles, including manufacturing, battery supply chains, and workforce development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hearings addressed specific environmental hazards and pollutants, including methane emissions from the oil and gas sector, leaded aviation fuel, and PFAS in Michigan communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000214#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["electric vehicle","regenerative agriculture","Resilience (power system)","climate change adaptation","energy efficiency","methane leak","Inflation Reduction Act of 2022","hydropower","recycling","forest conservation","Sustainable Development Goals","offshore wind power","bioenergy","critical minerals","water distribution system","carbon capture and utilization"],"geography_discussed":["Oregon","Gulf of Mexico","Puerto Rico","United States Virgin Islands","Europe","Arctic","Antarctic","Michigan","Arizona","Alaska","Canada"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking"]},{"id":"clipolin-000798","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000798","title":"Public Financial Institutions' Climate Commitments","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-10","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/public-financial-institutions-climate-commitments.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that public financial institutions are lagging behind private counterparts in setting credible climate targets. While some Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) show leadership, national and subnational development banks, as well as institutions in non-OECD countries, have very few Paris-aligned or net-zero commitments. Key barriers include a lack of government guidance and insufficient accountability mechanisms within global coalitions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A small minority of the largest public financial institutions have set high-ambition mitigation targets; only 20 institutions, representing 25% of tracked assets, have established net zero or Paris alignment targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) lead in climate commitments, whereas other public financial institutions, particularly national and subnational development banks, are falling behind. National development banks make up 53% of the sample but only 11% of Paris-aligned or net-zero targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate finance and sustainability goals are the most common type of commitment, but they frequently lack the sectoral or geographical specificity needed to direct capital to high-need areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a critical shortage of explicit commitments to climate adaptation finance. Only six institutions have set goals mentioning adaptation, and all but one (the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development of India) are MDBs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Fossil fuel divestment is limited in scope; only nine institutions have pledged to phase out all fossil fuel financing without exception, and many other policies contain caveats.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Institutional integration of climate goals is slow, with only 54% of the sample having a standalone climate strategy. Most of these strategies are found in global institutions or those in OECD countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global coalitions like the IDFC and Finance in Common often produce high-level ambitions that institutions fail to codify into specific, quantifiable internal strategies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant gap exists between national government climate policies and the commitments of their respective public financial institutions; 33 national institutions operate in countries with net-zero policies, but only four have their own net-zero or Paris-aligned targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000798#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","climate target","carbon neutrality","climate change adaptation","fossil-fuel divestment","climate risk management","sustainable finance","climate bond","Nationally Determined Contributions"],"geography_discussed":["India","People's Republic of China","Brazil"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["assessment","tracking"]},{"id":"clipolin-000287","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000287","title":"Private Financial Institutions Commitments to Paris Alignment","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10-18","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/private-financial-institutions-commitments-to-paris-alignment/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Climate Policy Initiative analyzed public climate commitments from over 350 private financial institutions across four sectors. While assets committed to net zero have grown to over USD 93 trillion, the report finds a significant lack of interim targets, detailed transition plans, and comprehensive fossil fuel phase-out strategies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000287#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"As of the report's release, at least 301 major financial institutions have committed to achieving net zero by 2050 at the latest, representing USD 93.3 trillion in financial assets. This reflects significant growth in 2021, with 65% of global assets under management and 17% of global financial assets now covered by such commitments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000287#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Despite the increase in net zero commitments, there is a lack of specific implementation details. Only 10% of entities with net zero targets have published public interim emission reduction targets, and none of the sampled entities provided details on the timing or method of using carbon offsets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000287#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Cumulative investments pledged to climate solutions by 2030 are tracked at almost USD 6 trillion, nearly double current private finance trends. However, these pledges often lack detail regarding target regions and sectors, and historically have not been directed toward hard-to-abate sectors or developing economies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000287#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Divestment and exclusion policies are primarily focused on coal, but often use broad thresholds that still allow for the financing of coal projects. There is a lack of a comprehensive global shift away from oil and gas financing, with most efforts limited to specific locations like tar sands or Arctic drilling.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000287#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["net zero","climate finance","divestment","carbon offsets","fossil fuel phase-out"],"geography_discussed":["Western Europe","United States","Canada","East Asia and Pacific","Latin America & Caribbean","Oceania","Middle East and North Africa","European Union","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Tracking","Taxonomy development"]},{"id":"clipolin-001069","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-001069","title":"Private Financial Institutions’ Commitments to Paris Alignment","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/CPI_Private-FI-Commitments-Tracking-1.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while net zero commitments from private financial institutions have grown rapidly, reaching USD 93.3 trillion in assets, they often lack the interim targets, detailed transition plans, and specificity in regional or sectoral investment needed for genuine Paris alignment. It highlights a strong focus on coal divestment but a significant lag in phasing out oil and gas financing and addressing biodiversity loss.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"As of October 11, 2021, at least 301 major financial institutions, representing USD 93.3 trillion in assets, have committed to achieving net zero emissions by 2050 at the latest. These commitments cover approximately 65% of global assets under management and 17% of the global financial industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant lack of detailed implementation plans; only 10% of entities with net zero targets have published public interim emission reduction targets. Additionally, no entities in the sample provided details on the timing or methodology for using carbon offsets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial institutions have pledged nearly USD 6 trillion cumulatively to climate solutions by 2030, with commercial banks providing the vast majority at USD 5.6 trillion. However, these goals lack specificity regarding target regions and sectors, with USD 3.5 trillion allocated to a general \"green finance\" category.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Fossil fuel exclusion policies are predominantly focused on coal, but a comprehensive shift away from all fossil fuels is missing. Many coal exclusions use broad revenue thresholds—ranging from 5% to 40%—that effectively allow continued financing of some coal projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Commitments to exclude oil and gas are less than one-third of all fossil fuel exclusion announcements and are typically limited to specific high-risk areas like Arctic drilling and tar sands rather than a global reduction in new infrastructure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Commitments regarding biodiversity and deforestation are extremely sparse, with only four tracked commitments to exclude financing for activities contributing to deforestation and zero commitments on biodiversity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"EU-27 institutions lead in the number of commitments, likely driven by the market size and the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR), which mandates climate risk disclosure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial institutions are adopting various business practices to meet goals, most notably the launch of new ESG-related products (28 of 69 tracked practices). Other internal changes include linking management compensation to sustainability ratings.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001069#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Net-zero emissions","Paris Agreement","climate finance","fossil-fuel divestment","carbon offset","biodiversity","deforestation"],"geography_discussed":["Western Europe","United States","Canada","East Asia and Pacific","Latin America & Caribbean","Middle East and North Africa","Oceania","European Union","United Kingdom","Japan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","assessment"]},{"id":"iisd-000605","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000605","title":"G20 Coal Subsidies: Tracking government support to a fading industry","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-06-25","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/g20-coal-subsidies-tracking-government-support-fading-industry","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report tracks G20 nations' efforts to phase out coal subsidies, finding that despite a 2009 commitment, these governments continue to spend at least USD 63.9 billion annually on coal and have failed to fully document the extent of this support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000605#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"G20 countries are responsible for 79 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions and committed in 2009 to phase out fossil fuel subsidies in the medium term.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000605#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ten years after their commitment, G20 governments spend at least USD 63.9 billion per year on coal subsidies and have not properly defined or documented the total amount of subsidies provided.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000605#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["fossil fuel subsidy","greenhouse gas emissions","coal-fired power station","public finance"],"geography_discussed":["World"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["tracking","assessment"]}]}