{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["technological feasibility study"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'technological feasibility study' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":3,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=technological+feasibility+study","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"wri-000767","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wri-000767","title":"The Future of Sustainable Aviation Fuel in the Midwestern United States: Finding Alternatives to Crop-Based Biofuels","publisher":{"name":"World Resources Institute","organization":"world-resources-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2026-06-08","source_url":"https://www.wri.org/research/future-sustainable-aviation-fuel-midwestern-united-states-alternatives-crop-based-biofuels","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The research evaluates the feasibility and economic benefits of transitioning from food-crop biofuels to residue-based SAFs and e-fuels in the Midwestern United States. It finds that producing three billion gallons of SAF annually from corn stover could contribute between $9 billion and $32 billion to regional GDP and support up to 214,000 jobs, provided there is sufficient policy support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000767#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The production of three billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) annually using corn residues is feasible within sustainable supply limits, requiring between 18 and 89 million tons of stover out of an estimated 90 million tons available.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000767#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A residue-based or e-fuel SAF and CDR industry producing three billion gallons of fuel per year in the Midwest could generate significant economic benefits, including $9 billion to $32 billion in regional GDP value, $7 billion to $15 billion in labor income, $4 billion to $10 billion in annual tax revenue, and between 99,000 and 214,000 jobs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000767#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Several specific technologies can leverage the abundant resources of the US Midwest, such as corn stover, to produce SAF or achieve carbon dioxide removal (CDR). These include alcohol-to-jet (AtJ), Fischer-Tropsch (FT), power- and biomass-to-liquid (PBtL), power-to-liquid (PtL), and pyrolysis for CDR.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000767#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While residue-based fuels are more climate-friendly than conventional biofuels made from food and feed crops like soy and corn—which impact food prices and deforestation—current U.S. policies continue to incentivize food crop-based SAFs to support the domestic agricultural economy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-000767#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Sustainable Aviation Fuel","carbon dioxide removal","biofuel","greenhouse gas emissions","land use"],"geography_discussed":["United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic impact assessment","technological feasibility study"]},{"id":"client-000225","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/client-000225","title":"Assessment of Options for Replacement of Bełchatów Lignite Power Plant","publisher":{"name":"ClientEarth","organization":"clientearth"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-07","source_url":"https://www.clientearth.org/media/1mefgnew/assessment-of-options-for-replacement-of-the-belchatow-lignite-power-plant-ext-en.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates options for replacing Poland's Bełchatów Lignite Power Plant, concluding that a 'Coal Exit' strategy by 2035—replacing coal with renewables (RES) and gas—is more cost-efficient and beneficial for health and employment than maintaining current policies. The Coal Exit scenario is projected to reduce CO2 emissions by 38% and total system costs by €64 billion compared to the Reference scenario, while increasing total employment by 76%. Specifically, phasing out Bełchatów earlier contributes €4 billion to these savings and approximately 50 million tonnes to the overall CO2 reduction.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A 'Coal Exit' strategy by 2035 is more cost-efficient than the Reference scenario, with total system cost savings of €64 billion, which represents 9.5% of overall system costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Coal Exit scenario significantly reduces emissions compared to the Reference scenario, lowering CO2 emissions by 38% and other emissions (such as SOx, NOx, and dust) by 42-64%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Phasing out the Bełchatów Lignite Power Plant earlier than in the Reference scenario specifically contributes €4 billion to the total system savings and approximately 50 million tonnes to the total CO2 reduction of the Coal Exit scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The transition to a Coal Exit scenario is projected to increase employment opportunities for the Polish workforce, with direct employment estimated to be 45% higher and total employment (including indirect effects) 76% higher than in the Reference scenario.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Security of supply in the Coal Exit scenario is maintained through the use of natural gas and potential storage as back-up, while the increased deployment of renewables reduces Poland's dependency on power imports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the Coal Exit scenario reduces coal reliance, it leads to increased natural gas demand, which the report states is consistent with Poland's strategy to diversify gas sources via LNG and the Baltic pipeline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"client-000225#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["renewable energy","offshore wind power","photovoltaics","natural gas","carbon dioxide emissions","energy transition","Levelized cost of energy","air pollution","European Union Emission Trading Scheme 1"],"geography_discussed":["Europe"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic assessment","technological feasibility study","scenario modelling"]},{"id":"ucs-000219","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ucs-000219","title":"A Bright Future for the Heartland","publisher":{"name":"Union of Concerned Scientists","organization":"union-of-concerned-scientists"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2011-07","source_url":"https://www.ucs.org/sites/default/files/2019-09/A-Bright-Future-for-the-Heartland.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the potential for the Midwest to transition to a clean energy economy by adopting the Midwestern Governors Association's (MGA) targets: reducing electricity use by 2% annually and sourcing 30% of electricity from renewables by 2030. Using a modified National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), the Union of Concerned Scientists finds that these goals are achievable and would lead to significant job creation, consumer savings, and carbon emission reductions. The analysis highlights wind and biopower as the most competitive resources, while noting that transmission capacity remains a primary barrier. The report argues that regional targets would complement a federal carbon policy, making such a policy more affordable for consumers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Midwest is heavily dependent on coal, which accounted for 68% of the region's electricity generation in 2009. This reliance is characterized by significant imports, with the region importing 190 million tons of coal in 2008 at a cost of $7.5 billion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Implementing the MGA's Energy Roadmap targets would result in a diverse renewable energy mix by 2030, with wind power providing more than two-thirds of the renewable electricity. Non-hydro renewable capacity would grow to 63,000 MW, a nearly fivefold increase from 2010 levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The transition to clean energy is projected to create significant economic benefits, including a net increase of 85,000 jobs in Midwest states by 2030. This would generate an additional $4.1 billion in income and $2.7 billion in gross state product in that year compared to existing policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Consumer energy bills would decrease significantly under the Energy Roadmap targets. Cumulative savings on electricity and natural gas bills for Midwest consumers are estimated to reach $11.3 billion by 2020 and $42.8 billion by 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Energy Roadmap targets would substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lowering CO2 from Midwest power plants by more than 120 million metric tons annually by 2030, which is 16% below base-case levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Inadequate transmission capacity is identified as a primary barrier to utility-scale renewable energy. Currently, 95,000 MW of wind projects are in the interconnection queue in the Midwest, with many stalled due to this lack of capacity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Energy efficiency is a highly cost-effective strategy, with implementation costs ranging from 1.5 to 7 cents per kilowatt-hour saved, which is lower than the average Midwest retail electricity price of 7.57 to 8.91 cents per kWh in 2009.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A federal carbon policy combined with the Energy Roadmap targets would be more affordable for consumers than a federal policy alone, resulting in cumulative energy bills 2% lower by 2030 than the base case, whereas a federal policy alone would increase costs by 3%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000219#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["wind power","photovoltaics","energy efficiency","carbon capture and storage","nuclear power","electric vehicle","electric power transmission","carbon dioxide emissions","land-use change","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Ohio","Iowa","South Dakota","North Dakota","Minnesota","Wisconsin","Indiana","Michigan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modeling","policy assessment","technological feasibility study"]}]}