{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["survey"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":189,"relation":"eq"},"page":4,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=survey&page=4","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=survey&page=5","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iisd-002517","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002517","title":"L’EXPLOITATION MINIÈRE ARTISANALE ET À PETITE ÉCHELLE ET LA COVID-19 : ENQUÊTE SUR LES DIFFICULTÉS ET OPPORTUNITÉS MENÉE AUPRÈS DES MEMBRES DU IGF","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":"2020-11","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/artisanal-small-scale-mining-covid-survey-fr.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details how COVID-19 negatively impacted artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) through health crises, economic contraction, and disrupted supply chains. While many governments maintained basic support, the pandemic exacerbated existing vulnerabilities, increased illicit mining activities, and disproportionately affected women's livelihoods. The document argues that formalization of the sector is essential to reduce future vulnerability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe health risks for ASM miners due to the remote nature of mining sites, which lack essential protective equipment such as masks and disinfectants, and have insufficient health infrastructure for testing and contact tracing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economic impacts include job losses, reduced income, and disrupted supply chains, which in some cases halted operations because parts and equipment could not be imported. Additionally, the suspension of certification programs limited the export of responsibly mined products.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The pandemic led to an increase in illegal and irresponsible mining activities because travel restrictions hindered the ability of governments to monitor sites and enforce regulations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the pandemic affected both genders, women faced specific burdens including the loss of livelihoods from small support businesses, increased food insecurity due to their role in providing meals, and higher exposure to gender-based violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Government support varied; over half of the respondents could not provide pandemic-specific support, but those who did offered health equipment, monetary and food aid, and gold purchasing programs to compensate for the lack of international markets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Future challenges for the next 6 to 12 months include continued illicit mining, potential price spikes due to pent-up demand upon border reopening, and the risk that school closures will push children into ASM and gold searching.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002517#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["food insecurity"],"geography_discussed":["Central African Republic","West African Economic and Monetary Union"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","impact assessment"]},{"id":"iisd-000831","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000831","title":"Trading Services for a Circular Economy","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-10-05","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/trading-services-circular-economy","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines how firms utilize services to support circular economy activities and the impact of digitalization on this transition. Based on a survey of 96 firms, it finds that a high proportion of small and medium-sized enterprises engage in international services trade, particularly through digital trade and offshore commercial presence. While 40% of respondents faced no barriers, others identified regulatory differences concerning waste treatment and environmental impact reporting as significant obstacles to trade.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000831#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A diverse array of services supports the circular economy, specifically including IT services, research and development, and recycling services.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000831#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A surprisingly high number of specialized micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises participate in international services trade, primarily utilizing digital trade (mode 1) and offshore commercial presence (mode 3).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000831#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While 40% of surveyed firms reported no barriers to importing or exporting circular economy services, others cited regulatory discrepancies regarding environmental impact reporting standards and the treatment of waste as primary barriers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000831#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["circular economy","resource efficiency"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["empirical research","survey","interviews"]},{"id":"commgmu-000075","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/commgmu-000075","title":"COVID-19 trusted information","publisher":{"name":"Center for Climate Change Communication","organization":"center-for-climate-change-communication"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-06-04","source_url":"https://climatecommunication.gmu.edu/all/covid19-trusted-information/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that while trust in media and government officials varies, there is high and consistent trust across all 50 U.S. states in doctors, infectious disease experts, the CDC, and family and friends. Local TV and local/state government officials are the most trusted media and government sources, respectively, while President Trump is the only source trusted by fewer than half of Americans.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000075#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is high, consistent trust across all 50 U.S. states in medical professionals and public health authorities, with over 90% of Americans trusting their own doctors and over 87% trusting infectious disease experts and the Center for Disease Control (CDC). Additionally, over 80% of Americans in every state trust their family and friends.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000075#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Trust in media and government sources varies significantly. Local TV is the most trusted media source at 82%, while national networks like CNN (57%), MSNBC (52%), and FOX News (52%) are trusted by fewer people. Local (74%) and state (72%) government officials are the most trusted government sources, whereas President Trump is the only source trusted by less than 50% of Americans (48%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000075#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite increasing political partisanship, there is minimal geographic variation in trusted information sources across the United States, with the range of variability across all 50 states being no more than 4 percentage points for any given source.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000075#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","geographic mapping"]},{"id":"commyale-000087","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/commyale-000087","title":"Who do Americans trust most for information about COVID-19?","publisher":{"name":"Yale Program on Climate Change Communication","organization":"yale-program-on-climate-change-communication"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-06-04","source_url":"https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/publications/who-do-americans-trust-most-for-information-about-covid-19/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that a vast majority of Americans across all 50 states trust their own doctors, infectious disease experts, the CDC, and family and friends for COVID-19 information. While trust in media and government varies—with local TV and local/state officials being more trusted than national networks and federal figures—there is very little geographic variation in these trust levels, with a maximum range of 4 percentage points across states.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commyale-000087#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In every U.S. state, there is an overwhelming level of trust in medical professionals and public health authorities, with over 90% of Americans trusting their own doctors and over 87% trusting infectious disease experts and the Center for Disease Control (CDC).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commyale-000087#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Personal networks are highly trusted, with more than 80% of Americans in every state trusting their family and friends for COVID-19 information.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commyale-000087#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Trust in media and government sources is more fragmented; local TV is the most trusted media source (82%), while national networks like CNN (57%), MSNBC (52%), and FOX News (52%) have lower trust levels. Local (74%) and state (72%) government officials are more trusted than Members of Congress (55%) and President Trump, who is the only source trusted by fewer than half of Americans (48%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commyale-000087#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite general political partisanship, there is minimal geographic variation in trust for COVID-19 information, with the range of variability across all 50 states not exceeding 4 percentage points for any source.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commyale-000087#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","geographic analysis"]},{"id":"commgmu-000237","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/commgmu-000237","title":"American Adolescents’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Sources of Information on Climate Change","publisher":{"name":"Center for Climate Change Communication","organization":"center-for-climate-change-communication"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-06","source_url":"https://climatecommunication.gmu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/teen-report-1.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes a May 2018 survey of 1,257 American adolescents to determine how they learn about climate change, their level of scientific understanding, and their emotional responses to the issue. Key findings indicate that while a large majority of teens recognize climate change is happening and trust NASA scientists, their understanding of the underlying science is often incomplete. Social media and television are the most common general news sources, while science teachers are the most frequent source of climate-specific information. The report also highlights a significant level of worry among teens, with many believing their generation will suffer more harm than their parents' generation and feeling that adults are not doing enough to protect them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Adolescents primarily use social media (56%) and television (46%) as general news sources, while fewer use radio (16%), online newspapers (21%), or print newspapers (10%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Science teachers are the most frequent source of climate change information for teens, with 78% hearing them discuss the topic at least sometimes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"NASA scientists are the most trusted source of information on climate change, with nearly 90% of adolescents trusting them, including 60% who strongly trust them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While 80% of adolescents believe climate change is happening, their understanding of the science is partial; for example, 40% incorrectly believe industrial activities have reduced greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Adolescents generally underestimate the level of scientific consensus on human-caused climate change, estimating it at 70.5% when the actual consensus is 97% or higher.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Two-thirds of adolescents are worried about climate change, and 81% believe it is at least somewhat personally important to them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong perception of intergenerational inequity, with 60% of adolescents expecting their generation to be harmed more by climate change than their parents' generation, and 56% believing parents are not doing enough to protect them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite their worries, over half of adolescents (58%) disagree that there is nothing their generation can do about climate change, and 50% believe they will be able to adapt to its effects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Adolescents are most interested in learning about climate solutions (30%), with the most frequent specific question being whether it is too late to reduce climate change (14%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Older adolescents tend to be more emotionally engaged and critical of their parents' responses, although their estimates of harm to themselves and future generations do not differ significantly from younger adolescents.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000237#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","climate education","fossil fuel","carbon dioxide","ocean acidification","intergenerational equity","climate change adaptation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","quantitative analysis"]},{"id":"fsdafri-000206","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/fsdafri-000206","title":"Key trends on: How the insurance sector in Eastern and Southern Africa is being impacted by and responding to COVID-19","publisher":{"name":"FSD Africa","organization":"fsd-africa"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2020-06","source_url":"https://fsdafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/OESAI-survey-infographic-26.08.20-2.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details how COVID-19 caused operational disruptions, reduced premium income, and accelerated digitalization within the insurance sector in Eastern and Southern Africa. While life and health products provided some coverage, business interruption insurance largely failed to support business resilience. Insurers face prudential stability concerns and liquidity challenges, though 50% expect premium income to recover within a year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"COVID-19 accelerated the digitalization of insurance operations, with 66% of respondents digitizing or in the process of digitizing their operations. Remote work enablement was high, with 79% investing in internet connectivity for staff and 72% providing laptops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Digital sales and onboarding face significant barriers; only 39% of insurers currently use electronic signatures for sales and 48% perform remote KYC onboarding. The primary obstacles are a lack of internal systems and uncertainty regarding regulatory permissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The pandemic negatively impacted financial operations, with over 50% of respondents reporting reductions in new sales, premium collection, and renewals. This has led to high concerns regarding prudential stability, specifically regarding liquidity, solvency, and minimum capital requirements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurers implemented temporary relief for consumers, such as communication campaigns to clarify coverage (57%) and extended premium payment periods (44%). However, support for agents was minimal, and 24% of respondents have laid off or are laying off workers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurance coverage for COVID-19 was more prevalent in life (63% explicitly included), health (79% explicitly included), and hospitalisation (55% explicitly included) products. Conversely, business interruption and event cancellation insurance predominantly did not cover COVID-19 risks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Regulatory responses included providing flexibility for premium collection and enabling digital sales, but insurers are requesting further government support. Key requests include inclusion in fiscal stimulus packages (44%) and regulatory support for e-KYC and electronic signatures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fsdafri-000206#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["insurance","climate risk","financial regulation"],"geography_discussed":["Ethiopia","Eritrea","Eswatini","South Africa","Namibia","Mauritius","Zambia","Kenya","Tanzania","Seychelles","Uganda","Rwanda","Ghana","Botswana","Angola","Burundi","Mozambique","Zimbabwe","Malawi"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"sei-000925","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000925","title":"Surveying perceptions and practices regarding high-end climate change","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-04-20","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/surveying-perceptions-practices-high-end-climate-change/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document details survey results from 2016 and 2018 regarding the adaptation community's approach to high-end climate change scenarios. It finds that while many practitioners are increasingly using these scenarios and doubt the Paris Agreement has eliminated the risk of dangerous warming, preparedness and the availability of decision-making tools have not improved, highlighting a need for better information exchange and research.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000925#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A majority of the surveyed adaptation community does not believe the Paris Agreement has lowered the likelihood of the world experiencing dangerous levels of climate change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000925#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Approximately two-thirds of the respondents are either already using or are beginning to use high-end climate change scenarios in their professional work consistently.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000925#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Between 2016 and 2018, there was no improvement in the availability of tools for decision-making or information regarding impacts, and preparedness for high-end threats is not keeping pace with the risks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000925#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","Paris Agreement","Climate risk assessment"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"clibonds-001013","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clibonds-001013","title":"Green Bond Treasurer Survey","publisher":{"name":"Climate Bonds Initiative","organization":"climate-bonds-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-04","source_url":"https://www.climatebonds.net/files/documents/publications/Green-Bond-Treasurer-Survey-2020.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Green Bond Treasurer Survey finds that while cheaper pricing is often cited as a primary driver, issuers actually value intangible benefits more, such as enhanced reputation, a broader investor base, and improved internal risk management. The survey reveals that 98% of respondents attracted new investors and 91% experienced deeper investor engagement. Most issuers (88%) plan to issue more green bonds, and 85% utilized Second Party Opinions (SPOs) to ensure integrity. The report emphasizes that the process of issuing a green bond often catalyzes internal sustainability commitments and the creation of sustainability committees.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Pricing is not the primary motivation for issuing green bonds; instead, intangible benefits such as reputation and market signaling are more highly valued.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Green bonds significantly expand an issuer's reach, with 98% of respondents reporting the attraction of new investors and 91% noting increased engagement compared to vanilla bonds.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The issuance process often serves as a catalyst for internal organizational change, including the implementation of internal climate risk audits and the establishment of sustainability committees.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The majority of issuers perceive the additional costs of green bond issuance—such as Second Party Opinions (SPOs) and reporting—as either negligible or justified by non-pricing benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Demand for green bonds is generally higher than for vanilla equivalents, with 70% of respondents reporting higher demand.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is strong issuer support for the standardization of definitions, taxonomies, and reporting to protect the integrity of the green label, including support for the EU Taxonomy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The time required to plan and issue a first green bond is typically less than one year for 88% of respondents, with 47% completing the process in six months or less.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A high proportion of issuers intend to continue using the instrument, with 88% planning to issue more green bonds and 15% planning to reopen existing ones.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Second Party Opinions (SPOs) are widely used to provide credibility, with 85% of respondents commissioning one for their first green bond.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Listing on stock exchanges is primarily used to increase visibility, with 74% of respondents selecting this as a reason for listing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clibonds-001013#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate bond","climate finance","sustainable finance","climate risk management","Sustainable Development Goals"],"geography_discussed":["Europe","People's Republic of China","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"eesi-000081","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/eesi-000081","title":"Federal Resources for Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change","publisher":{"name":"Environmental and Energy Study Institute","organization":"environmental-and-energy-study-institute"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2020-02-19","source_url":"https://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-federal-resources-for-nature-based-solutions-to-climate-change","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines a variety of U.S. federal programs—spanning the EPA, FEMA, HUD, NOAA, USDA, and USFWS—that provide grants, loans, and technical support for nature-based solutions. These projects, such as wetland restoration, green roofs, and urban forestry, are designed to reduce climate-related hazards like flooding and heat waves while providing carbon sequestration and economic co-benefits. The fact sheet details the eligibility and specific applications of these resources, illustrating their use through examples in cities and states across the U.S.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000081#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Nature-based solutions, which restore or emulate natural systems, can be more cost-effective than traditional engineered projects in reducing damage from natural hazards and provide critical co-benefits such as carbon sequestration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000081#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) manages several programs supporting nature-based solutions, including the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) for low-interest loans, the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) for wetland restoration and green stormwater infrastructure, and the Greening America’s Communities program for sustainable urban design.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000081#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"FEMA provides funding through the Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) and Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) programs to reduce repetitive flood damage and develop resilient infrastructure before disasters occur.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000081#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Other federal agencies offer specialized resources for nature-based resilience: HUD's Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) supports urban tree planting and stormwater management; NOAA's Community-based Restoration Program focuses on coastal and marine habitats; the USDA's Urban and Community Forestry (UCF) Program enhances urban forests to moderate temperatures and manage runoff; and the USFWS Coastal Program provides assistance for coastal ecosystem resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000081#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["nature-based solutions","climate resilience","carbon sequestration","green infrastructure","water quality","urban forestry","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["New Paltz","Washington, D.C.","Bellingham","Ohio","Oklahoma City","Lake Charles","Denver","Sebastian County","Chelsea","Detroit","Humboldt County","Oregon","Texas"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"eesi-000274","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/eesi-000274","title":"Federal Resources for Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change","publisher":{"name":"Environmental and Energy Study Institute","organization":"environmental-and-energy-study-institute"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2020-02","source_url":"https://www.eesi.org/files/FactSheet_Nature-Based_Solutions_Funding.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document outlines federal resources for nature-based solutions (NbS), which include green and natural infrastructure designed to increase resilience to climate impacts like flooding and extreme heat. It details specific programs from agencies such as the EPA, FEMA, HUD, NOAA, USDA, and USFWS, highlighting their eligibility criteria and providing real-world examples of projects, such as wetland restoration in California and urban forestry in Oregon. The text emphasizes that NbS can be more cost-effective than traditional engineered projects and provide co-benefits like carbon sequestration and improved water quality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Nature-based solutions, which restore or emulate natural systems, can reduce damage from natural hazards as effectively as or better than traditional engineered projects, often at a lower cost.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Federal support for nature-based solutions is categorized into green infrastructure (hybrid systems combining gray infrastructure with nature), natural infrastructure (restoring existing landscapes like forests and wetlands), and urban-focused solutions such as increasing tree canopies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The EPA provides multiple funding streams for nature-based solutions, including the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) for low-interest loans and the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) which prioritizes wetland restoration and green stormwater infrastructure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"FEMA offers grants for disaster mitigation, such as the Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) and Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) programs, the latter of which is being replaced by the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) program.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Other federal agencies provide specialized NbS support: HUD's CDBG program funds urban tree planting and stormwater management; NOAA's Community-based Restoration Program focuses on coastal and marine habitats; and the USDA's Urban and Community Forestry (UCF) Program assists in conserving and enhancing urban forests.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Coastal Program provides assistance for coastal ecosystem resilience and demonstrates high leverage, averaging $8 from partners for every $1 spent by the program.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"eesi-000274#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["nature-based solutions","climate resilience","green infrastructure","carbon sequestration","water quality","urban forestry"],"geography_discussed":["New Paltz","Washington, D.C.","Bellingham","Ohio","Oklahoma City","Lake Charles","Denver","Sebastian County","Chelsea","Detroit","Humboldt County","Oregon","Texas"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","resource guide"]},{"id":"commgmu-000223","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/commgmu-000223","title":"Informal Science Education on the NASA Climate Change Website: Addressing the Challenge of Educating Diverse Audiences","publisher":{"name":"Center for Climate Change Communication","organization":"center-for-climate-change-communication"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://climatecommunication.gmu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Roser-Renouf-et-al.-2020-ISE-on-NASA-Climate-Website.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while education levels influence the types of questions people have about climate change and their initial perceptions of NASA, the NASA climate change website is accessible to all education levels and effectively improves perceptions of NASA's competency and trust, particularly for those with less formal education. While the website did not eliminate pre-existing knowledge gaps, it helped less-educated visitors learn more and increased their certainty regarding the reality and impacts of climate change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Information needs differ by education level: college graduates are more likely to ask about solutions and scientific research, whereas those with a high school education are more likely to question if climate change is real.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Formal education does not hinder a user's ability to find information on the NASA climate website; all education groups were equally successful in finding information and felt it answered their questions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While all education groups rated the website positively, those with more education found it more engaging, easier to use, and more trustworthy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Visiting the website significantly improved perceptions of NASA's research volume, scientist competency, and trustworthiness across all groups, with the most pronounced gains seen among those with less education.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The website increased certainty that climate change is happening, particularly for visitors with less education, although a gap remained compared to college graduates.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The website helped reduce the knowledge gap regarding the impacts of climate change, as those with less education showed larger gains in identifying correct impacts than those with bachelor's degrees or more.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The website did not significantly alter perceptions regarding whether climate change is solvable, though some high school graduates became less likely to say it cannot be reduced.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The website had a limited impact on the scientific consensus 'gateway belief,' with college graduates maintaining higher estimates of the proportion of scientists who believe human-caused climate change is happening.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"commgmu-000223#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change communication","climate impact"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","behavioral analysis","impact assessment"]},{"id":"issafri-001512","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/issafri-001512","title":"Dialogue with violent extremist groups","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Security Studies","organization":"institute-for-security-studies"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/pb-137.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document assesses the feasibility of dialogue between governments and violent extremist groups in the Lake Chad Basin based on a survey of 31 civil society organization representatives. While many respondents support exploring dialogue due to the failure of purely militarized responses, significant barriers exist, including deep mistrust, unclear extremist motivations, and ideological conflicts regarding the implementation of Sharia law. The brief recommends that governments conduct further research into actor motivations and initiate nationwide discussions to secure community buy-in.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Civil society perspectives on the effectiveness of the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) are deeply divided, with an almost equal split between those who believe the Force can secure peace and those who doubt its ability to do so.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is significant disagreement regarding the severity of the military response; just over half of the participants believe the MNJTF's approach is too severe, with one respondent suggesting this has actually aided in recruiting more fighters for Boko Haram.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A majority of civil society representatives believe that alternative approaches like dialogue are now required because the securitised approach has failed to eradicate Boko Haram and ISWAP or reduce their physical capabilities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite support for the idea of dialogue, many respondents are skeptical of its likely success due to a profound lack of trust in the integrity of groups like Boko Haram and ISWAP, fearing they would not adhere to any final agreement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ideological and religious differences present a critical barrier to dialogue, specifically the conflict between the extremists' demand for an Islamic state and the commitment of Lake Chad Basin countries to secular lifestyles and human rights.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Some community members perceive government engagement in dialogue as a sign of weakness or capitulation, viewing it as a victory for terrorist groups rather than a strategic resolution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"issafri-001512#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Nigeria","Cameroon","Chad","Niger","Abuja"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy brief","community perspective analysis","survey"]},{"id":"wwf-000417","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwf-000417","title":"How climate and nature-related factors are applied in the investment process","publisher":{"name":"WWF International","organization":"wwf-international"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/585/3i93ucri66_wwf_incorporating_sustainability_into_infrastructure.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while all surveyed infrastructure investors use ESG scoring frameworks, integration is most prevalent in qualitative evaluation and post-investment monitoring, with less emphasis on valuation modelling. Key drivers for ESG integration include financial returns, risk management, and brand reputation. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and physical climate risks are the most integrated factors, particularly in the energy, utilities, and transport sectors, whereas biodiversity remains the least integrated due to quantification challenges. The report notes a shift from simple negative screening toward a more nuanced approach where investors may acquire unsustainable assets to finance their transition to sustainability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Infrastructure investors are primarily motivated to integrate ESG factors by the prospect of financial returns, the management of ESG risks, and the protection of brand reputation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"ESG integration is most common during the qualitative evaluation and post-investment monitoring stages, while it is less prevalent in the screening and valuation modelling phases.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a trend moving away from binary negative screening toward a nuanced approach where investors consider assets currently perceived as unsustainable to support their transition to a sustainable footing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy/resource efficiency are the most frequently reflected ESG factors in investment decisions, especially within the utilities, transport, and thermal energy generation sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Biodiversity is the least integrated ESG factor, largely because its key performance indicators are difficult to quantify and translate into financial impacts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A bifurcation exists in ESG approaches: smaller or indirect funds typically rely on external frameworks like the UN PRI and TCFD, while infrastructure specialists and multilateral development banks use a mix of proprietary and external tools.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Physical climate risks are specifically critical for telecommunications (e.g., coastal fiber optic cables), utilities (e.g., flooding of power plants), and transport (e.g., airport flooding from sea level rise).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The European Investment Bank (EIB) integrates environmental externalities into project appraisal using damage cost values and a carbon price that is projected to rise to €120 per tonne by 2050 to align with a 1.5°C temperature goal.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Future priorities for infrastructure investors include acquiring higher-quality data, increasing the number of integrated ESG factors, and expanding ESG integration into more asset sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000417#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","biodiversity","air pollution","infrastructure investment","carbon price","renewable energy","energy transition","sustainable finance"],"geography_discussed":["Europe","United States","Australia","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["industry trend analysis","survey","case study"]},{"id":"sei-001056","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001056","title":"Utmaningar och möjligheter: kommunernas arbete med hållbar konsumtion","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"sv","date_published":"2019-12-06","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/utmaningar-mojligheter-kommunernas-arbete-hallbar-konsumtion/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while most Swedish municipalities address sustainable consumption within their own operations, few target households or businesses. A significant majority of officials (79%) identify a lack of political support as their primary need. The report recommends systematic tracking of all purchases and investments to calculate environmental impacts and suggests that the government empower county administrative boards to coordinate local efforts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001056#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A survey of 119 Swedish municipalities reveals that most are working with sustainable consumption in their own operations, but only about 30% are working to promote it among households, and an even smaller proportion target companies and organisations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001056#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Approximately 80% of municipal officials responsible for environment, climate, and sustainability issues state that political support is their greatest need to advance sustainable consumption work.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001056#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable consumption","government procurement"],"geography_discussed":["Lund","Upplands Väsby"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"newclim-000196","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/newclim-000196","title":"NDC Update Report","publisher":{"name":"NewClimate Institute","organization":"newclimate-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-12-03","source_url":"http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/ndc-update-report-december-2019-long-term-society-wide-visions-for-immediate","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The NDC Update Report emphasizes the necessity of long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies (LTSs) to drive ambition in the 2020 NDC update cycle. Survey data indicates that while confidence in current NDC implementation remains high, over half of respondents are unclear if their governments will raise ambition in the next update, with discussions often focused on costs rather than social or environmental benefits. The report proposes eight key elements for robust LTS processes, noting that more than half of surveyed governments had not yet started the LTS process. It highlights that 13 LTSs had been submitted to the UNFCCC at the time of writing, often characterized as \"living documents\" with a focus on stakeholder engagement. Contributions from organizations such as the NDC Partnership, GIZ, UNDP, WRI, AFD/IDFC, LEDS-GP, and FAO underscore the need for whole-of-government scope, transparency, and sector-specific pathways—particularly in energy and agriculture—to align investments and ensure food security.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000196#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Survey data regarding the 2020 NDC update reveals that more than 50% of respondents are unable to clarify if their government intends to increase ambition, and approximately 80% plan to submit their next NDC in 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000196#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies a gap in LTS development, noting that over half of the surveyed respondents had not begun the process, and only 70% could confirm their LTS would be consistent with Paris Agreement goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000196#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The NewClimate Institute proposes eight essential elements for LTS processes, which include incorporating GHG emission pathways to 2050 and beyond, covering all economic sectors, identifying financing requirements, and aligning with 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and adaptation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000196#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Analysis of the 13 LTSs submitted to the UNFCCC shows that most are treated as \"living documents\" and prioritize participatory processes and stakeholder engagement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000196#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Nationally Determined Contributions","Net-zero emissions","decarbonization","Paris Agreement","climate finance","Sustainable Development Goals","climate change adaptation","agriculture"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","survey"]},{"id":"sgr-000175","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sgr-000175","title":"Scientists Behaving Responsibly","publisher":{"name":"Scientists for Global Responsibility","organization":"scientists-for-global-responsibility"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-11","source_url":"https://www.sgr.org.uk/sites/default/files/2019-11/Scientists_Behaving_Responsibly_SGRreport.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the 'concern-action gap' within the scientific and engineering communities regarding the climate crisis. It argues that the credibility of climate research is undermined when researchers maintain high-carbon lifestyles, such as frequent air travel for conferences. Through a straw poll of 153 respondents, the document finds that while many scientists are adopting plant-based diets and reducing car use, a significant number still struggle to align their lives with the 1.5°C pathway. It also discusses the role of civil disobedience and activism as a means for scientists to 'walk the talk' and counter the influence of fossil fuel interests.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a perceived gap between the scientific community's professional analysis of the climate crisis and its actual behaviour, with 71% of polled respondents describing their field's efforts to reduce climate impact as either \"unsatisfactory, or highly unsatisfactory\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The credibility of climate research is specifically vulnerable to the personal carbon footprints of the researchers; high personal emissions can lower the likelihood of the public reducing their own energy consumption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Academic 'hypermobility'—the norm of frequent flying to maintain international collaborations—often contradicts university sustainability policies, yet research indicates no positive relationship between the frequency of flying for conferences and actual academic productivity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Survey results show a trend toward lower-carbon lifestyles among scientists, with 48% intending to stop flying entirely and 39% planning to take 'very serious' steps to minimise car impact, up from 20% currently doing so.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Dietary shifts are significant among the polled group, with 72% adopting largely plant-based diets and 13% intending to adopt vegan diets in the future.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate concerns are influencing family planning decisions for a notable portion of the scientific community, with 31% of respondents stating the issue led them to avoid having children.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Some academics argue that scientists should move beyond personal consumption changes to support civil disobedience, as non-violent protests can increase the credibility of climate actions and counter the access to decision-makers enjoyed by the fossil fuel industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sgr-000175#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["1.5 degree Celsius climate target","carbon footprint","renewable energy","sustainable transport"],"geography_discussed":["United Kingdom","United States","Canada"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","literature review"]},{"id":"sei-001235","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001235","title":"Utmaningar och möjligheter i kommunernas arbete med hållbar konsumtion","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"sv","date_published":"2019-10","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/axelsson-unlock-report-2019.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the efforts of Swedish municipalities to promote sustainable consumption across their own operations, households, and local businesses. While many municipalities work systematically within their own operations—focusing on vehicles, food, and energy—there is significantly less focus on households and businesses. A critical gap exists in monitoring the environmental impact of procurement, with nearly half of the surveyed municipalities performing no such assessment. The report identifies economic motives and national guidelines as primary drivers, while highlighting a severe need for political support, financial resources, and standardized data tools. It recommends that municipalities establish systematic procurement analysis, that local politicians prioritize sustainable consumption, and that the government tasks regional administrative boards (länsstyrelsen) with coordinating these efforts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A majority of surveyed municipalities work systematically with sustainable consumption within their own operations, but far fewer target other actors: approximately 30% work to promote sustainable consumption among residents and about 25% target the business sector and other organizations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Municipalities primarily focus their sustainability efforts on vehicle use, food, heating, electricity, and waste within their own operations, while areas with high documented climate impact, such as IT, electronics, and furniture, are addressed by only a limited number of municipalities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant lack of monitoring regarding the environmental impact of municipal procurement; nearly half of the municipalities reported that they did not perform any assessment of the environmental or climate impact of their purchases in the past year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economic motives are the most significant driver for sustainable consumption work in municipalities, followed by national guidelines and policy instruments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Municipal officials identify political support as the most critical need to advance sustainable consumption, followed by financial resources, information, and legislation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Approximately 40% of municipalities have either established or are in the process of establishing a consumption-based sustainability goal for the municipality as a geographic entity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a marked difference between municipality groups regarding food consumption goals: nearly 80% of municipalities in Group A (large cities and nearby areas) aim to reduce animal-based diets, compared to approximately 40% in Groups B and C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Innovation procurement is rarely used to promote sustainable consumption, with only 15% of responding municipalities having applied it on one or more occasions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001235#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable consumption","sustainable procurement","food system","climate finance","waste management","energy efficiency"],"geography_discussed":["Umeå Municipality","Eskilstuna Municipality","Lund Municipality","Upplands Väsby Municipality","Uppsala Municipality","Gävle Municipality","Knivsta Municipality","Botkyrka Municipality","Stockholm Municipality"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","policy analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-002174","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002174","title":"Survey on Developing Country Investment Treaty Negotiations","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-02","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/survey-investment-negotiations-2018.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details how developing countries approach investment treaty negotiations, highlighting a trend toward renegotiating outdated agreements and the use of model treaties. It identifies the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and investment authorities as the primary leads in negotiations and provides a detailed mapping of ratification processes across various nations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002174#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A majority of surveyed countries are actively negotiating new investment treaties, while a significant portion are renegotiating or terminating existing ones due to loopholes, imbalances, or outdated models.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002174#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Experience with treaty-based investment disputes has led some governments to adopt more cautious approaches, including freezing the ratification of BITs or implementing constitutional language to avoid extra-regional arbitration tribunals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002174#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and investment authorities are the most common lead agencies for investment treaty negotiations, though trade ministries play a more prominent role when negotiating investment chapters within broader trade agreements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002174#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ratification processes vary widely by country, typically involving a combination of executive approval, parliamentary vote, and head-of-state signature, with some countries like the Dominican Republic requiring a 'constitutionality test'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002174#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change"],"geography_discussed":["Algeria","Angola","Argentina","Bangladesh","Benin","Bolivia","Brazil","Burkina Faso","Burundi","Cambodia","Cameroon","Chad","Chile","Colombia","Ivory Coast","Djibouti","Dominica","Dominican Republic","Ecuador","Ethiopia","The Gambia","Ghana","Indonesia","Jamaica","Kenya","Laos","Liberia","Madagascar","Mali","Montserrat","Mozambique","Myanmar","Namibia","Niger","Nigeria","Peru","Philippines","Rwanda","São Tomé and Príncipe","Sudan","Trinidad and Tobago","Tunisia","Uganda","Uruguay","Venezuela","Zambia","Zimbabwe"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"iisd-002173","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002173","title":"2018 Survey on Developing Country Investment Treaty Negotiations","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2019","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/survey-investment-negotiations-2018-brochure.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document summarizes a survey of 72 respondents from 54 developing countries, highlighting a trend toward modernizing investment treaties to close litigation loopholes and align with domestic laws. It reports that 21 countries are renegotiating or terminating existing treaties, and 24 have been subject to treaty-based investment disputes that influenced their policy approach. The survey also tracks the use of model investment treaties and the level of involvement from Parliaments and political leaders in the negotiation process.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002173#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A significant number of developing countries are actively altering their investment treaty frameworks, with 21 countries renegotiating or terminating existing treaties to modernize them, align them with domestic laws, or address risks and loopholes associated with traditional Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) models.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002173#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Investment disputes and threats of arbitration have directly shaped government strategies, with 24 countries reporting that treaty-based disputes impacted their approach to investment treaties, leading in some cases to the denunciation of all BITs or a cessation of new BIT negotiations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002173#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The survey identifies varying levels of institutional oversight and standardization, noting that while some countries use regional models like the SADC model, others have model treaties that are under review or have been in place for over two decades.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002173#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Kenya","Colombia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey"]},{"id":"ucs-001023","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ucs-001023","title":"Science under Siege at the Department of the Interior","publisher":{"name":"Union of Concerned Scientists","organization":"union-of-concerned-scientists"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2018-12","source_url":"https://www.ucs.org/sites/default/files/attach/2018/12/science-under-siege-at-department-of-interior-full-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report documents a pattern of anti-science policies at the US Department of the Interior (DOI) under Secretary Ryan Zinke, arguing that the administration prioritized fossil fuel and mining interests over public health and environmental protection. Key findings include the blocking of critical health and safety research, the removal of climate change from strategic planning, and the creation of a hostile work environment for federal scientists. The document highlights specific cases of land protection reductions, such as at Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monuments, and the undercutting of the Endangered Species Act. It concludes with recommendations for increased congressional oversight and the reintegration of climate science into DOI policy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Secretary Ryan Zinke oversaw a pattern of suppressing science and sidelining researchers to benefit the fossil fuel industry, specifically oil, gas, and mining interests.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The DOI blocked critical public health and safety research, including a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) study on the health effects of surface coal mining in Central Appalachia and an investigation into offshore oil and gas development inspections.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Political interference in research funding was established by requiring a single political appointee without a science degree, Steve Howke, to review all science grants exceeding $50,000.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The DOI systematically removed climate change from its official priorities, including the retraction of Director’s Order 100 and the deletion of climate change from the agency's five-year strategic vision and its primary climate webpage.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The administration significantly reduced the size of protected lands to facilitate extractive industries, most notably cutting Bears Ears National Monument by 85 percent and Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument by 47 percent.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The DOI created a hostile work environment for scientists through restrictive communication policies, the reassignment of senior career staff to unqualified positions, and the intimidation of staff who spoke about climate change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The administration undermined the Endangered Species Act (ESA) by proposing that economic impacts be factored into scientific assessments of species viability and by rushing assessments to avoid disrupting agribusiness.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) eliminated a proposed rule that would have required oil and gas companies to reduce methane emissions, potentially allowing 1.78 million tons of new emissions over a decade.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-001023#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","petroleum industry","methane emissions","offshore wind power","environmental impact assessment","carbon dioxide emissions","sea level rise"],"geography_discussed":["Bears Ears National Monument","Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument","Isle Royale National Park","Yellowstone National Park","Appalachia","Boundary Waters Canoe Wilderness","Arctic National Wildlife Refuge"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","institutional assessment","survey"]}]}