{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["supply and demand analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'supply and demand analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=supply+and+demand+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"cer-001482","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001482","title":"CARBON OFFSETS PAPER","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2014-04","source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/2014042901-Carbon-Offsets-Paper.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document proposes a carbon offset mechanism to allow South African firms to reduce their carbon tax liability by up to 10% of actual emissions. It establishes that only South African-based credits from projects outside the carbon tax net are eligible to avoid double counting. The paper identifies a potential national demand for offsets of up to 30 million tonnes of CO2e per annum, with a projected supply exceeding 50 million tonnes, largely driven by land-use, forestry, and renewable energy projects. It suggests an initial reliance on international standards (CDM, VCS, GS, CCBS) while proposing the medium-term development of a domestic standard managed by the Designated National Authority (DNA), supported by an independent expert committee, a national registry, and accredited third-party verifiers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The proposed carbon offset scheme allows firms to reduce their carbon tax liability by between 5% and 10% of their actual emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To prevent double counting of tax benefits, only projects originating outside the scope of taxable activities are eligible for the initial period of the scheme.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Eligibility is restricted to South African-based credits to promote local greenhouse gas mitigation and sustainable development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"National demand for carbon offsets is estimated to be between 5 and 30 million tonnes of CO2e per annum, while potential supply is estimated at over 50 million tonnes of CO2e per annum.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector represents a significant supply opportunity, with one estimate suggesting a potential of 26 million tonnes of CO2e per year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The scheme will initially accept credits from four international standards: the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Verified Carbon Standard (VCS), Gold Standard (GS), and Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standard (CCBS).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Designated National Authority (DNA) is proposed as the administrator of the scheme, responsible for pre-screening projects, evaluating verification reports, and issuing certificates.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A domestic carbon offset standard is proposed for the medium term, requiring technical infrastructure including an independent expert committee, accredited third-party verifiers, a registry, and a trading platform.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Certain project types are explicitly ineligible, including those that benefit from the Energy Efficiency Tax Incentive or the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Programme (REIPPP).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Industrial gas-destruction projects, such as HFC-23 and Nitrous Oxide destruction, are excluded due to their low value and lack of co-benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001482#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon offset","carbon tax","greenhouse gas emissions","clean development mechanism","carbon sequestration","renewable energy","energy efficiency","measurement, reporting, and verification"],"geography_discussed":["European Union","California","Alberta","Australia","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy proposal","supply and demand analysis","regulatory framework design"]}]}