{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["substance flow analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'substance flow analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=substance+flow+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-001545","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001545","title":"Report from the multi-criteria analysis from workshop 2 with comparisons of the different alternatives in each case study and selection of eco-technologies for further use in WP5","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-04-15","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/report-from-the-multicriteria-analysis.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates different systems for nutrient and carbon recovery in the Vantaanjoki (Finland), Fyrisån (Sweden), and Słupia (Poland) catchment areas. Using a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) involving stakeholder weighting, the study compares baseline management against alternatives such as anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, and source-separation. In Vantaanjoki, anaerobic digestion scored highest. In Fyrisån, source-separation was the most sustainable. In Słupia, nutrient extraction performed best, while source-separation was found to be potentially less sustainable than the baseline due to local context and low adoption rates.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In the Vantaanjoki case study, the anaerobic digestion system alternative achieved the highest sustainability score, followed closely by the Pyrolysis + urea hygienization system; both outperformed the composting baseline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"For the Fyrisån case study, the source-separation system was the most sustainable, followed by nutrient extraction and incineration, with all recovery systems scoring higher than the baseline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Słupia case study, the nutrient extraction system received a considerably higher score than other alternatives, while the source-separation system scored the lowest and could potentially be less sustainable than the baseline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The divergent results for source-separation between the Fyrisån and Słupia cases, despite using similar technologies, highlight the critical role of local context and stakeholder participation in sustainability assessments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anaerobic digestion in Vantaanjoki was found to be economically superior to composting, generating a projected yearly profit of 1 MEuro compared to an annual cost of 3 MEuro for composting.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Pyrolysis in the Vantaanjoki case was identified as having the highest annual cost at 8 MEuro, though this may be an overestimation due to the use of data from smaller plants.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Fyrisån case, the nutrient extraction system (Alt 2F) demonstrated the best performance for global warming potential, eutrophication potential, and nutrient recovery.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Słupia case study revealed that a low fraction of source-separation (14%) is not a relevant choice as it provides small nutrient recovery benefits while increasing costs by approximately 30%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001545#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["biochar","global warming potential","carbon sequestration","biogas","wastewater treatment"],"geography_discussed":["Finland","Sweden","Poland","Baltic region"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["multi-criteria analysis","sustainability assessment","cost-benefit analysis","substance flow analysis"]},{"id":"cer-001507","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001507","title":"A review of the phosphate lifecycle, impacts and strategies for sustainable use in the South African context","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Assessing-the-Desirability-of-Marine-Phosphate-WEB.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that marine phosphate mining is unwarranted in South Africa because it would increase environmental phosphate flows and contamination. It proposes that a sustainable supply of phosphates can be achieved through 'loop-closure'—specifically recovering phosphorus from human and animal waste and improving fertilizer application efficiency in agriculture. A substance flow analysis indicates that approximately 164 kt/year of phosphorus enters the South African environment, with 133 kt/year potentially recoverable through recycling. The document concludes that terrestrial reserves are sufficient for 90–220 years, making the ecological risks of seabed mining unnecessary.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Marine phosphate mining is deemed unwarranted in South Africa as it would increase the volume of phosphate entering the environment and intensify phosphate flows.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"South Africa's terrestrial phosphate reserves are estimated to last between 90 and 220 years, assuming they are not exported and accounting for growth in demand.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A substance flow analysis (SFA) reveals that approximately 164 kt/year of phosphorus enters the South African environment, with the largest source being manure at 87 kt/year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Up to 133 kt/year of phosphorus can be recovered from the environment through recycling, while another 31 kt/year of losses could be prevented using optimized fertilizer application technologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The most prevalent environmental impact of phosphorus release is the eutrophication of inland and coastal waters, which occurs when phosphorus loading rates exceed 1 g/year/m2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Phosphate processing is associated with other environmental risks, including the release of radioactive by-products (such as uranium, radium, and cadmium), heavy metal pollutants, and carbon emissions totaling 465 kt of CO2 equivalent annually for Foskor Limited.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sustainable alternatives to mining include recovering phosphorus from human waste (such as through struvite precipitation from urine) and animal manure, as well as recycling crop residues at the farm level.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001507#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["circular economy","sustainable agriculture","wastewater treatment","carbon dioxide emissions","food security"],"geography_discussed":["Phalaborwa","Limpopo","Richards Bay","Mossel Bay","Cape Town","Durban","World","Morocco","People's Republic of China","United States","Japan","Germany"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["substance flow analysis","literature review"]}]}