{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["subnational analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'subnational analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":3,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=subnational+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"prio-001869","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001869","title":"The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Index 2023/24","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2023","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/49fc728b-2f9f-412c-b798-cff36501bce3/WPS-Index-full-report.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Index 2023/24 ranks 177 countries based on 13 indicators across three dimensions: inclusion, justice, and security. The report finds that women's status is more strongly correlated with a nation's peace, democratic health, and climate change preparedness than with its GDP. It highlights extreme global disparities, with Denmark ranking highest and Afghanistan lowest. The report also examines the escalating threat of political violence against women—physical, sexual, and digital—and provides subnational analyses for Colombia and Ethiopia to show how women's status varies within national borders.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 2023/24 WPS Index reveals extreme global disparities in women's status, with Denmark ranking first (score 0.932) and Afghanistan ranking last (score 0.286).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women's status is more strongly correlated with a country's human development, climate change preparedness, and state resilience than with its national income (GDP).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Fragile States group is the worst-performing category overall; on average, 20% of women in these countries have experienced recent intimate partner violence and 60% live near conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region shows the widest range of performance and the lowest averages for women's employment, parliamentary representation, and access to justice.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global financial inclusion for women increased from 56% in 2014 to 71% in 2021, driven largely by the proliferation of digital finance platforms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Political violence targeting women (PVTW) is used as a tactic to silence women and marginalize them from power, with Mexico, Brazil, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Myanmar recording the highest number of events in 2022.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Technology-facilitated gender-based violence is increasing, with 73% of women journalists in a 2020 global survey reporting such violence during their careers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In 2022, approximately 600 million women (15% of the global female population) lived within 50 kilometers of armed conflict, more than double the levels seen in the 1990s.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Subnational analysis in Colombia shows wide variation, with Santander scoring highest (.783) and Casanare lowest (.534), the latter having 80% of women living near armed conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Subnational analysis in Ethiopia reveals that the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region (SNNPR) performed best (.541), while Afar performed worst (.389), with women in Afar averaging less than one year of schooling.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001869#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate resilience","environmental justice"],"geography_discussed":["Denmark","Afghanistan","Colombia","Ethiopia","Santander Department","Casanare Department","Afar Region","Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","subnational analysis","correlation analysis","index ranking"]},{"id":"prio-001167","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001167","title":"Women Peace and Security Index","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/c56d2663-980e-420f-9145-a9e5710cef3a/22 Tracking Sustainable Peace through Inclusion Justice and Security for Women.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The 2021 Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Index reveals a slowing pace of global improvement and widening disparities in women's status. While developed countries, particularly Nordic nations, lead the index, fragile states and regions like South Asia perform poorly. The report highlights how the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing inequalities, particularly through job losses in female-dominated sectors and increased risks of intimate partner violence. Additionally, new indices for forcibly displaced women and subnational data for Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the United States demonstrate that national averages often conceal severe internal disparities and the compounding disadvantages of displacement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 2021 WPS Index shows a widening gap between the highest and lowest performing countries, with Norway scoring .922 and Afghanistan scoring .278. This range is significantly wider than in 2017, when the top performer was only about twice as high as the worst.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global progress on women's inclusion, justice, and security has slowed, with the average index score rising by approximately 7 percent between 2017 and 2019, but only by about 3 percent between 2019 and 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"South Asia is identified as the worst performing region in 2021, characterized by high levels of legal discrimination, intimate partner violence, and discriminatory norms, with fewer than 25% of women in paid work.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected women's employment, with estimated global losses of 5 percent for women compared to 3.9 percent for men in 2020. In Latin America and the Caribbean, 17 million women exited paid work.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Pandemic lockdowns increased the risk of intimate partner violence. In Iran, prevalence rates of current intimate partner violence rose from 54 to 65 percent six months into the crisis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Forcibly displaced women in Ethiopia, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, and Sudan face an average disadvantage of approximately 24 percent compared to host community women, with the largest gap found in South Sudan (42 percent).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Afghanistan, subnational disparities are stark, with provincial index scores ranging from .639 in Panjshir to .162 in Uruzgan. The lowest-ranking provinces are primarily in the southeast, where organized and intimate partner violence are highest.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Pakistan, provincial performance mirrors income and poverty levels, with Punjab scoring the highest (.734) and Balochistan the lowest (.194). Balochistan also reports the highest rates of both organized violence and intimate partner violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The United States exhibits significant state-level variation, with Massachusetts scoring more than four times better than Louisiana. Racial disparities are prominent, particularly in maternal mortality, where Black women experience higher rates than white women in all states with data.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong correlation (.83) between the WPS Index and the ND-GAIN Index, suggesting that countries with better protections for women are better positioned to mitigate climate change threats.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global levels of organized violence have declined since a 2014 peak, but the number of conflicts has increased, with 56 state-based and 72 nonstate conflicts recorded in 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women's parliamentary representation has increased globally from 20 to 26 percent since 2017, though Papua New Guinea was the only country with no women in parliament in 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001167#insight-12","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","climate resilience","gender equality","social protection"],"geography_discussed":["Norway","Afghanistan","South Asia","Middle East and North Africa","sub-Saharan Africa","Latin America and the Caribbean","United States","Pakistan","Ethiopia","Nigeria","Somalia","South Sudan","Sudan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","index-based assessment","subnational analysis","trend analysis"]},{"id":"prio-001867","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001867","title":"Women Peace and Security Index 2019/20","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/2a08d808-9eee-4d62-9152-7f44437fe629/WPS Index 2019-20 Report.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Index 2019/20 ranks 167 countries based on 11 indicators across three dimensions: inclusion, justice, and security. Norway is the top-ranked country (.904) and Yemen the lowest (.351). While 59 countries showed significant progress since 2017, the report highlights persistent gaps in women's employment and parliamentary representation. It also establishes correlations between women's well-being and broader outcomes, such as reduced maternal and infant mortality and a lower risk of violent conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The WPS Index ranks 167 countries, with scores ranging from .904 for Norway (the highest) to .351 for Yemen (the lowest).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Only Iceland performs well across all three dimensions of the index; most other countries, including those in the top dozen, rank in the middle range for women's paid employment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global trends are generally positive, with 59 countries recording significant progress (at least 5% improvement) since the first edition, while only Yemen experienced major deterioration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women's parliamentary representation remains far below parity globally, with an average of 21.5%. At current trends, it is estimated to take at least 52 years to reach parity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The gender gap in paid employment is 30 percentage points globally, with the most severe gaps in South Asia (68 percentage points) and the Middle East and North Africa (nearly 60 percentage points).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Legal discrimination is most prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa, where all 16 countries in the region score below the global mean. Saudi Arabia is identified as having the most extensive legal discrimination.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current intimate partner violence rates are highest in South Sudan (47%) and Timor-Leste (46%), while the lowest rates (below 1%) are found in Singapore and Switzerland.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong correlation between women's well-being and health outcomes: a 1 percentage point increase in the WPS Index is associated with a 2% reduction in maternal deaths and a 2.3% reduction in infant deaths.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender inequality is significantly correlated with the risk of violent conflict. Specifically, a 1 percentage point increase in the share of women experiencing current intimate partner violence is associated with a 1.4% increase in organized violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Pilot subnational analyses in China, India, and Nigeria reveal significant internal disparities. In Nigeria, the difference between state-level scores is equivalent to the gap between Mauritius (60th) and Afghanistan (166th).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial inclusion has expanded globally, with notable gains in Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, and Senegal, though it remains low (averaging 1 in 10 women) in conflict-affected countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Battle deaths from organized violence declined globally in 2018, largely due to the de-escalation of conflicts in Iraq and Syria, although the total number of conflicts rose to a record 54.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001867#insight-12","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["gender equality"],"geography_discussed":["Norway","Yemen","Iceland","People's Republic of China","India","Nigeria","Middle East and North Africa","sub-Saharan Africa","Latin America and the Caribbean","South Asia","Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia","East Asia and the Pacific"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative ranking","statistical correlation","subnational analysis"]}]}