{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["socio-economic survey"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'socio-economic survey' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":6,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=socio-economic+survey","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-001315","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001315","title":"Durable solutions for people displaced by Typhoon Haiyan in Tacloban, Philippines","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2022-12","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/durable-solutions-typhoon-haiyan-sei2022.050-1.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Nearly a decade after Typhoon Haiyan, residents of resettlement sites in Tacloban report that durable solutions criteria have not been achieved. While safety from water-related hazards has improved, significant gaps remain in land tenure security, access to water, and livelihood opportunities, with vulnerabilities intersecting across gender and housing provider types.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Nearly ten years after Typhoon Haiyan, the eight durable solutions criteria established by the IASC Framework have not been met for displaced people in Tacloban resettlement sites.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Residents report the highest satisfaction with safety, primarily because resettlement sites are located away from the sea, reducing risks from floods and water-related hazards. However, insecurity and crime remain concerns, particularly among residents from different original neighbourhoods.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Access to water and security of land tenure are major unresolved challenges. Residents in housing provided by the National Housing Authority (NHA) are less likely to possess ownership or rental paperwork compared to those in non-governmental organization (NGO) housing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Employment and livelihoods are difficult due to the remote location of resettlement sites, which increases the cost and time required to find work and access services. Residents in NHA sites reported significantly better livelihood conditions than those in NGO-run sites.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender disparities exist in the recovery process: female respondents reported significantly better access to healthcare and education than males, and were more likely to have received compensation for damaged houses and possess housing paperwork.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Many displaced persons feel the distribution of disaster relief was unfair and inequitable, particularly those in NHA housing, and report a lack of consultation in resettlement and recovery planning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Philippines lacks a national policy or law specifically dedicated to the rights of internally displaced persons (IDPs), relying instead on international humanitarian standards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001315#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["disaster risk reduction","climate change","land tenure","human rights"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy brief","human rights assessment","socio-economic survey"]},{"id":"iisd-002323","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002323","title":"The Value of Water Retention Beneficial Management Practices to Farmers and Landowners in the Seine Rat Roseau Watershed District","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-11","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-12/water-retention-practices-seine-rat-roseau-watershed-district.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates 10 water retention projects in Manitoba's Seine Rat Roseau Watershed District, finding that such projects generally provide positive economic returns, particularly for livestock producers. While upfront construction costs are the primary expense, benefits include flood and drought protection, improved water quality, and operational efficiencies. A cost-benefit analysis indicates an average benefit-cost ratio of 3.16 for livestock producers over a 20-year period, though crop-only operations showed lower returns due to high initial costs and fewer on-farm co-benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Water retention projects in the Seine Rat Roseau Watershed District (SRRWD) are primarily motivated by flood mitigation, with 9 out of 10 surveyed projects aiming to \"reduce downstream flooding\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The economic return on water retention is significantly higher for livestock farms than for crop-only farms. For seven livestock producers, the average benefit-cost ratio (BCR) is 3.16, meaning every dollar invested yields \"CAD 3.16 dollars in water quality, extended grazing, and other co-benefits\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Upfront construction costs are the dominant expense for these projects, accounting for \"anywhere from 53% to 100% of the lifetime project costs\". Total upfront costs for the 10 analyzed projects ranged from CAD 7,025.00 to CAD 87,050.44 in 2020 dollars.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Livestock producers reported several operational co-benefits, including \"extended grazing\" due to moisture retention in dry years and a \"reduced need to haul water\", which saves both time and fuel costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water quality improvements are a significant component of the total benefits, with the 10 projects removing an average of 74.37 kg of total phosphorus (TP), 689.93 kg of total nitrogen (TN), and 12.46 tonnes of total suspended sediments annually. TN reductions accounted for \"72% to 89% of the water quality benefits\" across all sites.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial assistance is critical for adoption; one producer stated that \"construction costs would have been prohibitive\" without the SRRWD Water Retention program, which covers 80% to 100% of total project costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The long-term economic viability of these projects is sensitive to discount rates. At a 3% discount rate, benefits outweighed costs in 7 out of 10 projects; at a 9% discount rate, this occurred in 6 out of 10 projects, with the average BCR dropping from 2.5 to 1.6.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002323#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Flood mitigation","water quality","climate change adaptation","agricultural productivity","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Canada"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["cost-benefit analysis","socio-economic survey","environmental modelling"]},{"id":"clipolin-000916","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000916","title":"Towards a More Sustainable and Efficient Palm Oil Supply Chain","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2018-07","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Towards-a-more-sustainable-and-efficient-palm-oil-supply-chain-in-Berau-East-Kalimantan-Full-publication.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that Berau can meet its palm oil production needs and fulfill mill capacities by 2021-2023 by improving agricultural practices and reaching 90% optimum productivity, eliminating the need for further land expansion. While company plantations operate efficiently, independent smallholders face significant barriers, including lack of land certificates, limited access to finance, and inefficient transport routes to mills. The region lacks CPO refineries, resulting in most crude palm oil being exported to other provinces or Malaysia. The authors recommend strengthening smallholder cooperatives, improving bankability, and analyzing the business case for local refineries to increase regional value addition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Berau can meet its palm oil production targets and fulfill the total processing capacity of its mills without further land expansion by focusing on productivity improvements. At 90% optimum productivity, the district could produce over 2.8 million tons of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) per year by 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The palm oil industry in Berau is dominated by four main holding companies—Indofood, Triputra, Kuala Lumpur Kepong, and Teladan Prima—which operated 74% of the total planted area and produced 88% of FFB in 2016.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current mill utilization in Berau is low, with a combined processing capacity of 2.8 million tons of FFB per year operating at only 44% capacity as of 2016.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant productivity gap between smallholders and large-scale plantation companies, with the difference varying between 3 and 9 tons per hectare over a five-year period.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Independent smallholders face severe operational inefficiencies, including transporting FFB to distant mills because they cannot meet the standards of closer mills or lack agreements through cooperatives.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial constraints hinder smallholders' ability to improve yields; only 28% of independent smallholders possess land ownership certificates (SHM), which limits their access to formal credit for quality seedlings and equipment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Berau lacks crude palm oil (CPO) refineries, meaning most of its CPO is exported to other regions of Indonesia (such as North Sulawesi and East Java) or to Sabah, Malaysia, rather than being refined within East Kalimantan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"RSPO certification of mills may inadvertently alienate local smallholders if they are not provided with the technical assistance needed to meet more stringent quality and sourcing standards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000916#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable agriculture","land use","deforestation","greenhouse gas emissions","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Indonesia","Malaysia","Sabah","Balikpapan","North Sulawesi","South Kalimantan","East Java"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["supply chain analysis","productivity modeling","geographic mapping","socio-economic survey"]},{"id":"cdkn-000334","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000334","title":"LESSONS FROM SEYCHELLES: ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILTY THROUGH INTEGRATED COASTAL PLANNING AND MICRO-FINANCE","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2015-08","source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/5GIVRAPD_Policy_Brief_Lessons_from_Seychelles_Coastal_Planning_and_Micro-finance.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the vulnerability of Seychelles' low-lying islands to sea level rise and extreme weather, highlighting the failure of some hard engineering interventions and the need for integrated coastal planning. It discusses the role of participatory governance in overcoming adaptation barriers and explores micro-insurance as a risk-sharing mechanism to protect livelihoods in the agriculture, fisheries, and tourism sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Seychelles is highly vulnerable to climate change due to its geography, facing hazards such as storms, flooding, landslides, and sea level rise, which threatens coral reefs, water security, food production, and tourism.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Coastal vulnerability assessments on La Digue and Mahe indicate that many buildings and critical infrastructure on La Digue face permanent inundation from sea level rise, while some hard engineering solutions, like rock revetments, have failed or caused backshore erosion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Effective adaptation requires a combination of soft measures, such as mangrove planting and wetland restoration, alongside the relocation of infrastructure to accommodate natural processes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Participatory workshops identified that while some adaptation barriers can be solved with better data and research units, others are deeply rooted in historical sectoral approaches and require long-term institutional change.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economic losses from weather disasters in Seychelles have been significant, with the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami causing approximately USD $30 million in losses and a January 2013 hurricane causing USD $10 million in damages.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current coping mechanisms for disasters in Seychelles and Mauritius rely heavily on personal bank savings and assets; however, micro-insurance is proposed as a viable risk-sharing scheme for the vulnerable agriculture, fisheries, and tourism sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000334#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sea level rise","coastal erosion","coral bleaching","climate finance","nature-based solutions","tourism industry","agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["La Digue","Mahé","Mauritius"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["vulnerability assessment","policy analysis","socio-economic survey"]},{"id":"iisd-001782","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-001782","title":"Migration and Conservation in the Bale Mountains Ecosystem","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2015-08","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/migration-conservation-bale-mountains-ecosystem-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines how migration into the Harenna Forest in southeast Ethiopia accelerates deforestation and biodiversity loss. By comparing Harenna Buluk, which saw significant migration driven by local political elites, with Delo Mena, which had minimal migration, the study finds that migrants introduce intensive farming practices that are adopted by locals, leading to the conversion of forest glades into agricultural land. The report recommends regulating informal land markets, strengthening participatory forest management bylaws, and developing alternative livelihoods like tourism to protect the ecosystem's unique biodiversity and hydrological functions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Migration into Harenna Buluk was historically driven by local political elites who actively promoted the influx of settlers to increase the district's population to justify its re-establishment as a separate woreda in 2005.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Migration accelerates land conversion and biodiversity loss, particularly in forest glades, which are traditionally used for seasonal grazing but have been rapidly converted to agriculture in Harenna Buluk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Between 1995 and 2011, agricultural land in Harenna Buluk increased from 5% to nearly 25% of the total land area, while forest cover decreased by nearly 11%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Migrants have introduced more intensive, profit-oriented farming methods, such as intercropping and the cultivation of khat, which have been rapidly adopted by local residents in Harenna Buluk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The traditional pastoralist transhumance system (godantu) is disappearing in Harenna Buluk due to migration, whereas it remains relevant in Delo Mena.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Intensified management of forest coffee to maximize production is widespread in both woredas, causing forest degradation and biodiversity loss by removing shade trees and undergrowth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Harenna Forest is a critical 'water tower' for the region, supporting 12 million downstream water users in southeast Ethiopia and Somalia, making water conservation a key message for promoting forest protection.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current participatory forest management (PFM) bylaws are ineffective as deterrents because the penalties for infractions consist of minor, symbolic fines.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Harenna Forest supports endangered and endemic species, including the African wild dog, the Bale monkey, and the critically endangered Harenna shrew, the latter of which is restricted to a 4 km² area.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001782#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","biodiversity loss","water conservation","climate change","Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation"],"geography_discussed":["Somalia","Oromia Regional State"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative case study","land-cover change analysis","stakeholder mapping","socio-economic survey"]},{"id":"cdkn-000863","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000863","title":"Contrasting Coping in the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2013-10","source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/WP2-Contrasting-Coping.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document investigates how low-income populations in the Caribbean (Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Lucia) and the South West Indian Ocean (Mauritius, Seychelles) cope with extreme weather events. It finds a heavy reliance on 'medium level stressors' like savings and credit, which act as pseudo-insurance, and a concerning prevalence of 'high level stressors' such as 'doing nothing' (asset degradation) in the Caribbean. While there is an implicit need for microinsurance to prevent asset depletion, adoption is hindered by cost, lack of trust, and limited knowledge.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Low-income respondents in both regions are highly vulnerable, with median expenditure per capita at 75% of the poverty line in the Caribbean and 73% in the SWIO.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The most significant perceived risk for respondents in both regions is the loss of earning capacity, with approximately one-third considering themselves at high risk of losing customers or employment due to extreme weather.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Coping mechanisms are dominated by medium-level stressors, specifically the use of savings, which accounted for 64.7% of responses in the SWIO and 36.2% in the Caribbean.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Caribbean shows a higher reliance on high-level stressors, particularly 'doing nothing' (not repairing or replacing assets), which accounted for 23% of responses compared to 5.4% in the SWIO.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the absence of savings, coping strategies shift toward higher-stress options: SWIO respondents move toward informal and formal borrowing, while Caribbean respondents primarily opt not to repair or replace assets or seek government assistance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurance penetration for weather-related risks is marginal; while 38% of Caribbean and 53% of SWIO respondents have some insurance, most is for life or vehicles rather than homes or crops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The primary barriers to insurance adoption are cost (cited by 44% in the Caribbean and 26% in the SWIO), lack of knowledge, and a lack of trust in insurance companies to pay promised amounts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial institution preferences differ by region: Caribbean respondents rely more on credit unions, whereas SWIO respondents predominantly use domestic and foreign commercial banks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000863#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","extreme weather event","Small Island Developing States","disaster risk reduction","agriculture","tourism industry"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","socio-economic survey"]}]}