{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["satellite monitoring"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'satellite monitoring' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":5,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=satellite+monitoring","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"mearth-000158","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/mearth-000158","title":"2020 Fires in Brazil","publisher":{"name":"Mighty Earth","organization":"mighty-earth"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-09","source_url":"https://www.mightyearth.org/wp-content/uploads/RR-Special-Fires-Brazil-part-22.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies 12 cases of fire in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes in August 2020, totaling 20,064 hectares of prior deforestation. It links these fires to the preparation of land for pasture or crop production and highlights that major traders like Bunge, Cargill, and JBS are connected to farms engaging in these practices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between December 14, 2019, and July 25, 2020, 12 selected cases of fire in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes were preceded by deforestation totaling 20,064 ha.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Satellite imagery indicates that fire is being used to prepare land for crop production or pasture after native vegetation has been cleared, confirming that agricultural commodities drive fire in Brazil.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Major soy and cattle processors with zero-deforestation commitments are purchasing from farms that have both engaged in land conversion and experienced fire outbreaks in August 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Cerrado biome, several farms linked to Bunge and Cargill experienced significant deforestation and subsequent fires in August 2020, including Fazenda Bananal (5,213 ha cleared), Fazenda Serra Branca I (3,784 ha cleared), and Fazenda Eliane (1,419 ha cleared).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies links between land grabbing and fire; for example, Fazenda Primavera (1,344 ha cleared) is owned by Euclides de Carli, described as the largest land grabber in Matopiba.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Amazon biome, Fazenda Lagoa do Triunfo IV and V saw 929 ha of rainforest cleared between October 2019 and June 2020, with fires detected in August 2020; the farm cluster is linked to suppliers for JBS, Marfrig, and Minerva.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CalyxAgro, a subsidiary of Louis Dreyfus Commodities (LDC), owns Fazenda Esplendor and Fazenda Novo México, where 3,737 ha were deforested between February and May 2020, followed by fires on July 3, 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000158#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","land grabbing"],"geography_discussed":["Bahia","Piauí","Maranhão","Pará","Mato Grosso"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","supply chain analysis","satellite monitoring"]},{"id":"fordecl-000176","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/fordecl-000176","title":"Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Goal 5 Assessment","publisher":{"name":"Forest Declaration Assessment","organization":"forest-declaration-assessment"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-09","source_url":"https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2019NYDFGoal5.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The assessment finds that the world is not on track to meet the 2020 restoration goal, with only 18% of the target documented as restored since 2000. While political will is evident through Bonn Challenge pledges totaling 170.6 million hectares, actual biophysical progress is limited and difficult to quantify due to data gaps. A pilot study in the Mekong region reveals that most tree cover gain occurs outside of forests on croplands and shrublands, while natural forests in the region have seen a net loss. The report emphasizes that monoculture plantations, which make up 45% of planned commitments, provide significantly less carbon storage than natural forests. It highlights the need for coherent policies, multidisciplinary technical planning, and increased financial flows to scale up effective forest landscape restoration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The global goal to restore 150 million hectares (Mha) of forest by 2020 is not on track; a systematic literature review shows that only 26.7 Mha (18% of the goal) have undergone restoration since 2000.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The rate of forest landscape restoration has declined over time, dropping from an average of approximately 2 Mha per year between 2000 and 2010 to less than 1 Mha per year after 2011.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Political commitment is high, with Bonn Challenge pledges totaling 170.6 million hectares, but actual reported restoration remains small and difficult to quantify due to inconsistent data and reporting methods.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the Mekong region, most tree cover increase since 2010 has occurred on non-forest lands such as croplands and shrublands (75%) rather than inside forests (25%), resulting in an overall net loss of natural forests by 0.3 Mha.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant portion of restoration pledges rely on monoculture tree plantations (45%), which are substantially less effective for climate mitigation than natural forests, storing 40 times less carbon.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Afforestation efforts, particularly in China and Mongolia (which account for 72% of global afforestation since 2000), often occur in grasslands and can lead to negative ecological consequences, such as excessive water demand and low biodiversity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Effective forest landscape restoration (FLR) is driven by three primary success factors: coherent policies and institutional support, multidisciplinary technical planning, and significant financial flows.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The estimated global cost to implement the NYDF target of 350 Mha by 2030 ranges from 837 to 1,208 billion USD, with an annual requirement of 49 to 71 billion USD.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"fordecl-000176#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["afforestation","reforestation","carbon sequestration","biodiversity","climate finance","agroforestry","land tenure","Nationally Determined Contributions"],"geography_discussed":["Mekong region","People's Republic of China","Mongolia","Brazil","United States","Vietnam","Rwanda","El Salvador","Argentina","Malawi","Cambodia","Laos","Myanmar","Vu Quang district","Dowa District","Mchinji District"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["assessment","literature review","satellite monitoring","case study"]},{"id":"mearth-000154","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/mearth-000154","title":"Grandes fornecedores de soja são surpreendidos em desmatamento contínuo ligado a fast food, supermercados","publisher":{"name":"Mighty Earth","organization":"mighty-earth"},"document_type":"report","language":"pt","date_published":"2017-05","source_url":"http://www.mightyearth.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/MightyEarth_MysteryMeat-MayUpdate-Portuguese-screen2.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Mighty Earth's May 2017 update reveals that major soy traders Cargill and Bunge continue to be linked to deforestation in Brazil and Bolivia despite public commitments. Using satellite monitoring, the organization identified 60 square kilometers of new deforestation and 120 square kilometers of planned deforestation across previously visited sites. The report highlights a disconnect between corporate environmental advertising and operational reality, while noting that several global consumer brands, such as Unilever and Tesco, support expanding collective action to protect other Latin American regions beyond the Brazilian Amazon.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Satellite monitoring identified 60 square kilometers of new deforestation and 120 square kilometers of planned deforestation—land prepared for imminent clearing—at sites previously visited by researchers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Major soy traders Cargill and Bunge are linked to the ongoing mass deforestation of the Brazilian Cerrado and the Bolivian Amazon basin, often participating in financing land clearing and infrastructure development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Bolivia, specific cases of deforestation linked to soy production were identified: the Menonitas 1 colony (approximately 10 square kilometers of new deforestation) and Papagayo Agropecuária Celestina (approximately 4.7 square kilometers), both identified as supplying Cargill.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Brazil, the Chapadão, São José, and Semear farms, which sell to Cargill, Bunge, and Multigrain (Mitsui), showed 3,179 hectares of deforestation and 12,084 hectares of planned deforestation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a discrepancy between Cargill's public image and its actions, as the company spends millions on environmental advertising while remaining involved in rapid deforestation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Several large consumer companies, including Unilever, Tesco, and McDonald's, have expressed support for expanding collective action to stop deforestation across other Latin American regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000154#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","sustainable agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["Cerrado","Amazon basin","São Desidério","San Jose","Santa Cruz","Latin America"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["supply chain analysis","satellite monitoring"]},{"id":"mearth-000147","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/mearth-000147","title":"PROMISES, PROMISES!","publisher":{"name":"Mighty Earth","organization":"mighty-earth"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.mightyearth.org/wp-content/uploads/Mighty-Earth-Soy-tracker-Promises-Promises-V6.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that despite commitments by the Retail Soy Group (RSG) to cease sourcing meat linked to deforestation after August 2020, major soy traders continue to purchase from suppliers engaged in land conversion in the Brazilian Cerrado. Analysis of 10 farms revealed at least 27,000 hectares of deforestation since the cut-off date, with Cargill identified as the poorest performer. The document argues that supermarkets are at risk of selling non-compliant products and calls for stricter enforcement of the 2020 cut-off date, improved traceability, and a shift toward alternative proteins.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Five major soy traders—Bunge, Cargill, COFCO, LDC, and ALZ Grãos—continued to buy soy from suppliers who deforested at least 27,000 hectares across 10 farms in the Brazilian Cerrado after the August 2020 cut-off date.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cargill is the worst performer among the analyzed traders, linked to 24,719 hectares of deforestation and 613 hectares of potentially illegal forest clearance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant deforestation occurred within the properties of three large agribusiness conglomerates: Condomínio Agrícola Estrondo (over 15,000 hectares in Bahía), BrasilAgro (over 1,180 hectares at Fazenda Serra Grande), and SLC Agrícola (668 hectares at Fazenda Parnaíba).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Some deforestation since August 2020 was likely illegal, occurring within protected Legal Reserves and Permanent Protection Areas on farms managed by Condomínio Agrícola Estrondo, Serra Branca Agrícola, and SLC Agrícola.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the first 12 months following the August 2020 cut-off, over 106,000 hectares were deforested on Cerrado farms with existing soy crops within 50 km of grain silos owned by ADM, AMAGGI, ALZ Grãos, Bunge, Cargill, COFCO, or LDC.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"European supermarkets in the Retail Soy Group (RSG) remain at risk of sourcing meat products fed on non-compliant soy because their suppliers have not adopted the 2020 cut-off date.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The financial sector has failed to provide sufficient incentives for the soy industry to stop deforestation, with major banks like the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Rabobank, and others providing significant credit to the eight largest soy traders in Brazil.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"mearth-000147#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","methane emissions","greenhouse gas emissions","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Bolivia","Argentina","Paraguay","European Union","United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["supply chain analysis","satellite monitoring","policy implementation review"]},{"id":"reclfin-000594","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/reclfin-000594","title":"DÉFORESTATION EN AMAZONIE : LA COMPLICITÉ DES BANQUES FRANÇAISES","publisher":{"name":"Reclaim Finance","organization":"reclaim-finance"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"fr","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://reclaimfinance.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DEFORESTATION-EN-AMAZONIE_-LA-COMPLICITE-DES-BANQUES-FRANCAISES.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report reveals that BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, Société Générale, and BPCE provided $10 billion in financing to Bunge and Cargill between January 2024 and September 2025, despite the traders' exposure to deforestation risks in Brazil. Analysis shows that Bunge and Cargill are linked to 11,800 hectares of deforestation in the Amazon and 91,000 hectares in the Cerrado during this period. The document criticizes the deforestation policies of the involved banks as insufficient, lacking clear objectives, and opaque in their implementation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between January 2024 and September 2025, four major French banks—BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, Société Générale, and BPCE—participated in five financial transactions totaling $10 billion for Bunge and Cargill.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Analysis of satellite data identifies a significant risk of soy-related deforestation associated with Bunge and Cargill in Brazil from January 2024 to October 2025, totaling 102,800 hectares across two biomes: 11,800 hectares in the Amazon and 91,000 hectares in the Cerrado.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The deforestation in the Amazon is heavily concentrated in the state of Mato Grosso, specifically within the municipality of São José do Xingu.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Field investigations at Fazenda Macaré in Querencia, Mato Grosso, documented the replacement of tropical forests with soy fields and reported that local farmers and indigenous groups suffer from aggressive aerial pesticide spraying and forest fires.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Amazon Soy Moratorium, established in 2006 to prohibit soy from lands deforested after July 24, 2008, is currently threatened by agribusiness pressure and fails to cover the Cerrado biome.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The deforestation policies of BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, and Société Générale are deemed insufficient because they lack clear objectives to eliminate financing for activities linked to deforestation and ecosystem conversion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Among the four banks, BPCE is the only one that has not yet adopted a formal policy on deforestation, though it has committed to doing so by the end of 2025.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"French banks exhibit a total lack of transparency regarding their exposure to deforestation risks, failing to disclose the number of at-risk companies in their portfolios or the specific amounts financed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report argues that the term 'zero deforestation' is often used vaguely by companies and banks, and that certification systems like the Round Table on Responsible Soy (RTRS) are insufficient to guarantee full traceability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"reclfin-000594#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["deforestation","climate finance","biodiversity loss","greenhouse gas emissions","indigenous rights"],"geography_discussed":["Mato Grosso","São José do Xingu","Querência","Xingu River","France","United States","European Union"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["financial analysis","satellite monitoring","policy review","field investigation"]}]}