{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["satellite assessment"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'satellite assessment' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=satellite+assessment","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"ember-000062","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ember-000062","title":"Estimating CMM emissions","publisher":{"name":"Ember","organization":"ember"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-04-16","source_url":"https://ember-energy.org/chapter/estimating-cmm-emissions/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"A satellite-based study of six coal mining clusters in Australia indicates that fugitive methane emissions are significantly higher than official reports, with 2020 estimates showing 1.42 million tonnes released compared to the 1.01 million tonnes officially reported.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000062#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A satellite assessment of six coal mining clusters in New South Wales and Queensland estimated that 1.42 ± 0.19 million tonnes of methane were released from coal mines in 2020, which is significantly higher than the 1.01 million tonnes officially reported by the National Greenhouse Accounts for the same year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000062#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Satellite estimates for both Queensland and New South Wales in 2020 were significantly higher than the total reported coal mine fugitive emissions for those states. In New South Wales, a 2021 comparison found fugitive emissions levels more than twice as high as officially reported, despite only incorporating half of the state's coal production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000062#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Other research and modelling suggest substantial underestimation of emissions: Open Methane estimates suggest Australian coal mines and gas fields may emit twice the reported methane, and numerical modelling of open-cut mines suggests company-led approaches may underestimate fugitive scope-1 emissions by a factor of 3.6 to 4.2.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000062#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study's scope covers a significant portion of Australian production, including 79% of total black coal production and over 90% of metallurgical coal production in 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000062#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["methane emissions"],"geography_discussed":["Hunter Valley","Illawarra"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","satellite assessment"]}]}