{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["power system optimisation"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'power system optimisation' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=power+system+optimisation","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"catf-000106","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/catf-000106","title":"Decarbonising Poland’s Power System: A Scenario-Based Evaluation","publisher":{"name":"Clean Air Task Force","organization":"clean-air-task-force"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024-03-04","source_url":"https://www.catf.us/resource/decarbonising-polands-power-system-a-scenario-based-evaluation/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that Poland requires a diverse technological portfolio—including wind, solar, nuclear, and carbon capture—to decarbonise its power system by 2050. Modelling of 19 scenarios indicates that relying on a narrow set of technologies increases system costs and infrastructure needs, while a 'base' scenario suggests a rapid transition involving a massive build-out of onshore wind and the introduction of nuclear power to replace coal.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Poland's electricity demand is projected to rise significantly due to the electrification of heating and transport and the use of electrolysers for green hydrogen, increasing from just over 150 TWh/yr in 2021 to over 250 TWh/yr by 2040.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Onshore wind is expected to be the primary generation source across most scenarios. The 'base' scenario requires a build rate of approximately 3 GW/year, peaking at 7 GW/year in the early 2040s to reach a capacity of 73 GW by 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Nuclear power is identified as a key component for system reliability and robustness. Deployment of nuclear capacity between 8 GW and 21 GW by 2050 has a minimal impact on total system costs while reducing reliance on expanded transmission infrastructure and freeing up land.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Excluding both nuclear power and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies results in outcomes that are neither affordable nor reliable. Limiting options can triple the required energy infrastructure, such as transmission networks, and increase overall system costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A rapid phase-out of coal is common across all scenarios, driven by the cost-ineffectiveness of coal compared to gas power plants due to expected high CO2 prices. In the short term, the report suggests replacing coal with natural gas combined-cycle and open-cycle gas turbine plants, later retrofitting them with CCS.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'base' scenario assumes the establishment of CO2 transport and storage infrastructure by 2035 and nearly 100% carbon capture efficiency for CCS-equipped plants by 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000106#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["decarbonization","nuclear power","carbon capture and storage","green hydrogen","electric energy consumption","electric power transmission","Coal phase-out","natural gas","Demand flexibility","energy security"],"geography_discussed":["Europe"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario analysis","power system optimisation","cost-benefit analysis"]},{"id":"catf-000627","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/catf-000627","title":"Decarbonising Poland’s Power System: A Scenario-Based Evaluation","publisher":{"name":"Clean Air Task Force","organization":"clean-air-task-force"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/01052434/CATF-Decarbonising-Polands-Power-System-A-Scenario-Based-Evaluation.pdf?_gl=1*1n6x630*_ga*R0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuR0ExLjEuMTgyNzE1MDcwNy4xNzI3MjU0Mzgz*_ga_88025VJ2M0*MTczNDQzODA0Ny44MS4wLjE3MzQ0MzgwNDcuMC4wLjEyMTA4MjI1NA..*_fplc*eXYzTW1GUWYlMkJVR2tkZEMlMkZsZiUyQnhyWmV6T1VMUEh0Y2F6ZTlGbGlLSFA2aU5ETVVZUDJLSGo3MCUyRjRtdGx2cXVEYUNkTnVxT0RKcXdrWDlNbUxTVTlCbCUyQmJFRW1FRU43WlNncDZraklPV2VVcGFqY2hYallsYlZxbVVHTVZIdyUzRCUzRA..","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that Poland must adopt a technology-inclusive strategy to decarbonise its power system, as relying on a narrow set of technologies increases costs and infrastructure requirements. Modelling indicates that while wind and solar are cornerstones, 'clean firm power' from nuclear and gas with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is essential for reliability. The study warns that excluding nuclear or CCS could triple necessary transmission infrastructure and increase system costs. To meet 2050 targets, Poland needs to accelerate onshore wind deployment to a peak of 7 GW/year and establish a nuclear fleet exceeding 8 GW.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A technology-optionality strategy is necessary for a feasible transition, as limiting options—such as excluding new nuclear power or carbon capture plants—could triple the required energy infrastructure, including transmission networks, and significantly raise system costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Onshore wind is projected to be the dominant generation source across most scenarios. In the 'base' scenario, this requires a long-term build rate of approximately 3 GW/year, peaking at 7 GW/year in the early 2040s to reach a capacity of 73 GW by 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Nuclear power is a substantial component in most scenarios, with capacity ranging from 8 GW in the base case to 21 GW by 2050. Increased nuclear capacity improves system reliability and reduces weather variability risks at a negligible additional cost to the total system.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The absence of nuclear power leads to an increased reliance on expensive hydrogen combustion and a doubling of the amount of CO2 captured via fossil gas with CCS to meet dispatchable power needs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Electricity demand in Poland is projected to rise significantly due to the electrification of heating, transport, and green hydrogen production, increasing from just over 150 TWh/yr in 2021 to over 250 TWh/yr by 2040.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000627#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["nuclear power","carbon capture and storage","electric energy consumption","electric power transmission","Demand flexibility","Coal phase-out","green hydrogen"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scenario analysis","power system optimisation","cost-benefit analysis"]}]}