{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["observational study"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'observational study' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=observational+study","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iai-000185","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000185","title":"Characteristics and causes of Deep Western Boundary Current transport variability at 34.5° S during 2009-2014","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2025-01-13","source_url":"https://iai.int/es/pub_acad/characteristics-and-causes-of-deep-western-boundary-current-transport-variability-at-34-5-s-during-2009-2014/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study analyzes nearly six years of data from pressure-equipped inverted echo sounders (PIESs) to determine the transport characteristics of the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at 34.5° S. It finds that the time-mean absolute geostrophic transport is -15 Sv, but the variability is extreme, with a peak-to-peak range from -89 to +50 Sv. This high level of variability, which exceeds the time mean, suggests the influence of coherent vortices or Rossby Wave-like signals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000185#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The time-mean absolute geostrophic transport within the DWBC layer (defined between 800–4800 dbar and longitude 51.5 to 44.5° W) is -15 Sv, where a negative value indicates southward flow.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000185#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Volume transport exhibits significant variability, with a temporal standard deviation of 23 Sv and a peak-to-peak range spanning from -89 to +50 Sv.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000185#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The time variability of the DWBC at 34.5° S greatly exceeds its time mean, which likely indicates the presence of Rossby Wave-like signals propagating from the interior to the boundary or strong coherent vortices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000185#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["North Atlantic Ocean"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["observational study"]},{"id":"iai-000471","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000471","title":"SACC: An international consortium for the study of ocean related global and climate changes in South America (SGP-CRA 2076)","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2013-05","source_url":"https://iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/uploads/2014/03/CRA_2076.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The SACC project investigates the exchange processes between the deep ocean and the continental shelf of eastern South America, specifically testing the hypothesis that the Subtropical Shelf Front (STSF) is a primary site for shelf water transfer. Initial findings indicate that the Patagonia shelf absorbs approximately 17 Tg C per year and that freshwater inputs from the Rio de la Plata and Patos Lagoon significantly influence ecosystem production in the Southwest Atlantic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000471#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Patagonia shelf, representing 4% of global continental margins, sequesters approximately 17 million metric tons of carbon annually.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000471#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project identifies the Subtropical Shelf Front (STSF) as a hypothesized preferential site for the transfer of shelf waters to the deep ocean, which impacts the success of shelf species.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000471#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Regional diversity and ecosystem production in the Southwest Atlantic are significantly influenced by freshwater inputs from the Patos Lagoon and the Rio de la Plata.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000471#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon sequestration","greenhouse gas"],"geography_discussed":["Q1507","Southwest Atlantic","Río de la Plata","Patos Lagoon"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["observational study","numerical simulation"]},{"id":"iai-000487","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000487","title":"SACC: An international consortium for the study of ocean related global and climate changes in South America (CRN2076)","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2010-03","source_url":"https://iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/uploads/2014/03/CRN2_76.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The SACC consortium studies the physical and biogeochemical exchanges between the deep ocean and the Patagonian shelf to improve global carbon models and understand marine biodiversity. Initial results indicate that the Patagonia shelf absorbs approximately 17 Tg C yr-1 and that the shelf break fishery, representing 3% of global production, shows signs of overfishing. The project also emphasizes the role of freshwater input from the Rio de la Plata and Patos Lagoon in the Southwest Atlantic ecosystem and supports the BioMare fishery and oceanographic information system.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000487#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Patagonia shelf accounts for 4% of global continental margins and absorbs approximately 17 million metric tons of carbon per year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000487#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The fishery at the shelf break, which produces about two million tons of fish and squid annually (3% of global production), exhibits signs of overfishing evidenced by increasing jellyfish populations; this may impact plankton and CO2 capture via photosynthesis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000487#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Freshwater inputs from the Patos Lagoon and Rio de la Plata are significant for the diversity and production of the ecosystem in the Southwest Atlantic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000487#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project supports the development of advanced ocean models to better represent upwelling and circulation mechanisms that maintain shelf break productivity, and maintains BioMare, an integrated information system for fishery and oceanographic data to support policies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000487#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon sequestration"],"geography_discussed":["Southwest Atlantic","Río de la Plata","Patos Lagoon","Argentina","Brazil","Uruguay","United States","Chile"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["observational study","modelling"]},{"id":"iai-001612","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-001612","title":"ADAPTE Adaptation to the health impacts of air pollution and climate extremes in Latin American cities","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2010-03","source_url":"https://iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/uploads/2014/03/SGP-HD_13.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The ADAPTE project investigates the interaction between air pollution and extreme weather on human health in Latin American cities, specifically focusing on Mexico City, Santiago, Buenos Aires, and Bogotá. Initial findings indicate that suspended particles and nitrogen oxides in these cities significantly exceed WHO standards, with vulnerability varying by age, sex, income, and season.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001612#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Inhabitants of Mexico City, Santiago, Buenos Aires, and Bogotá face high risks from air pollution, with suspended particles exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) standards by approximately 90% and nitrogen oxides exceeding them by up to 73%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001612#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The health impacts of pollution and weather vary by city and season: Buenos Aires and Mexico City show the highest respiratory mortality risk during the warm season, while in Bogotá, children are most affected during the cold season and elderly people face high cardiovascular mortality during the warm season.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001612#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Socio-economic factors, including income levels, age, and sex, influence population susceptibility to hazards, with residents of poorer districts in Bogotá being more vulnerable, particularly during the cold season.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-001612#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["air pollution","extreme weather event","heat wave","public health"],"geography_discussed":["Mexico City","Santiago","Buenos Aires","Bogotá"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["observational study","health impact assessment"]}]}