{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["natural language processing"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'natural language processing' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=natural+language+processing","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"isdglo-000127","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000127","title":"Online Domestic Extremism in Canada Data Briefing – December 2024 to February 2025","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2025","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Online-Domestic-Extremism-in-Canada.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies 545 domestic extremist accounts in Canada, analyzing over 413,000 posts. It finds that ethnonationalists and white supremacists are the most prolific, while anti-Muslim extremists achieve the highest engagement. Hate speech decreased by 34% from the previous period, with migrants and Jewish people being the primary targets. The document also introduces a new analysis of violent speech, noting peaks coinciding with political events like Justin Trudeau's resignation and Donald Trump's rhetoric regarding Canada.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between December 2024 and February 2025, ISD analyzed 413,288 posts from 269 active domestic extremist accounts across five platforms: X (252,297 posts), Telegram (146,064), Facebook (11,590), Instagram (2,349), and YouTube (988).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ethnonationalists and white supremacists were the most prolific groups in terms of account numbers and post volume, while anti-Muslim extremists and ethnonationalists saw the highest levels of engagement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hate speech accounted for 2.3% (9,512 posts) of the total content, representing a 34% decrease from the previous reporting period. The most targeted groups were migrants (26.1%), Jewish people (22.4%), and the LGBTQ community (22.3%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Violent speech, including threats and incitement, was identified in 1,500 posts (0.4%). A peak occurred on January 7, 2025, featuring calls for the military invasion of Canada and the hanging of politicians for high treason.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Extremist activity and specific narratives spiked in response to political events, including Justin Trudeau's resignation on January 6 and Donald Trump's comments about making Canada the '51st state' of the US.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Dominant narratives among Canadian extremists include misogyny and 'manosphere' themes, conspiracy theories regarding Romana Didulo and vaccines, pro-Russian views on the Ukraine-Russia war, and opposition to 'woke' politics and the Liberal Party.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rebel News was the most linked-to media outlet by Canadian domestic extremists, followed by Life Site News and True North.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000127#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change disinformation"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Ontario","Alberta","Quebec","Ottawa","Toronto","United Kingdom","Ukraine","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","qualitative analysis","semantic mapping","natural language processing"]},{"id":"isdglo-000141","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000141","title":"RECIPROCAL DYNAMICS BETWEEN AUSTRALIA’S POLITICAL FRINGES ON TWITTER","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Reciprocal-Dynamics-Between-Australias-Political-Fringes-on-Twitter.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The analysis of 404,375 tweets from 151 far-left and 75 far-right accounts reveals that both groups are primarily driven by oppositional narratives, where activity by one fringe inspires counter-mobilisation by the other. While the far right frequently engaged in hateful content targeting minorities and promoted conspiratorial views on COVID-19, the far left focused on social and economic justice, with only a small fraction of content meeting specific definitions of antisemitism. The report concludes that the far left does not pose a security threat equivalent to the far right and suggests that moderating far-right extremism could reduce overall counter-mobilisation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Oppositional narratives and discussion about political opponents serve as primary drivers for mobilisation on both the far right and far left, meaning surges in activity by one group likely trigger counter-mobilisation by the other.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Far-right Twitter activity is characterised by hostile narratives targeting marginalised communities, specifically anti-trans hate speech, and the promotion of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, including vaccine scepticism and anti-mask rhetoric.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Far-left Twitter activity focuses predominantly on economic and social justice, including workers' rights, institutional racism, and anti-capitalism, with few instances of hostile narratives except for antipathy toward police following the death of George Floyd.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant divide in media consumption: far-right users rely heavily on hyper-partisan and radical ideological sources, whereas far-left users engage more frequently with mainstream or centrist media such as ABC News.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A small proportion of far-left content was identified as antisemitic under the IHRA working definition, specifically where contemporary Israeli policy was compared to Nazi Germany; 17 out of 257 tweets (6%) mentioning Israel contained such comparisons.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The research concludes that describing the far left as a threat equivalent to the far right is inaccurate, and that policing far-right extremism could potentially reduce left-wing counter-mobilisation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000141#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change"],"geography_discussed":["Victoria","United States","United Kingdom","People's Republic of China","Israel","Palestine"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["social media analysis","quantitative analysis","qualitative analysis","natural language processing"]},{"id":"isdglo-000064","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000064","title":"An Online Environmental Scan of Right-wing Extremism in Canada","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/An-Online-Environmental-Scan-of-Right-wing-Extremism-in-Canada-ISD.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies a significant online presence of right-wing extremism in Canada, involving 6,660 accounts and channels across seven platforms with a collective reach of over 11 million users. While ethnonationalists are the most prevalent group on mainstream platforms like Facebook and Twitter, explicit white supremacist activity is concentrated on fringe sites such as Iron March and Fascist Forge. The study finds that RWE activity spikes around key events, specifically the Christchurch attack and the 2019 Canadian federal election, with anti-Muslim and anti-Trudeau rhetoric serving as primary drivers of conversation. Offline findings indicate a growth in RWE activity in the Maritime provinces and an increasing fascination with paramilitary training and weaponry among groups like the Three Percenters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Researchers identified 6,660 right-wing extremist entities across seven platforms, including 6,352 Twitter accounts, 130 Facebook pages and groups, 32 YouTube channels, 42 Gab accounts, 88 Iron March accounts, and 31 Fascist Forge accounts, collectively reaching over 11 million users.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ethnonationalists constitute the largest RWE community on mainstream platforms, representing 60% of communities on Twitter, 53% on Facebook, and 46% on YouTube. In contrast, white supremacists dominate fringe platforms, accounting for 100% of identified Canadian users on Fascist Forge and 72% on Iron March.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"RWE online activity experienced significant spikes in March 2019, linked to the Christchurch attack, and in October 2019, linked to the Canadian federal election.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mainstream platform users rarely use explicit extremist language; only 1% of identified Canadian RWE Twitter users were 'prolific' (12+ extremist tweets in 2019), and only 0.7% of posts by RWE-associated Facebook pages and groups contained anti-minority slurs or extremist slang.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Anti-Muslim and anti-government rhetoric targeting Justin Trudeau are the most prominent themes. Muslims were the most discussed minority on Facebook and the primary target of hate speech (23%), while Justin Trudeau was mentioned in 11.4% of RWE Facebook posts and 28% of analyzed YouTube content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Offline analysis indicates that RWE activity has grown in the Maritime provinces and that there is an increasing focus on paramilitary training and weaponry, exemplified by the Three Percenters in Alberta and Quebec.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Canadian users are highly active on extreme fringe boards; they represent the third largest nationality using 4chan's /pol/ board after the US and UK, and were the third largest community on Iron March during its activity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Fascist Forge targets a young, male demographic, with some prospective users claiming to be as young as 15, suggesting that recruitment efforts targeting Generation Z may be effective.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000064#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States","United Kingdom","Australia","Ontario","Quebec","British Columbia","Toronto","Montreal","Vancouver"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["environmental scan","network analysis","qualitative analysis","natural language processing"]},{"id":"isdglo-000102","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/isdglo-000102","title":"The Online Ecosystem of the German Far-Right","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Strategic Dialogue","organization":"institute-for-strategic-dialogue"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/ISD-The-Online-Ecosystem-of-the-German-Far-Right-English-Draft-11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report maps the 'online ecosystem' of the German far-right, identifying 379 channels across ten alternative platforms. It finds that while these platforms provide safe havens for extremist discourse, they generally have a much smaller reach than mainstream platforms. The study suggests that banning extremists from mainstream sites reduces their overall reach and does not lead to a direct mass migration to alternative platforms. It also highlights the role of 'alt-media' in amplifying far-right narratives, such as the 'great replacement' myth, which are rarely prominent in mainstream media.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The research identified 379 far-right and right-wing populist channels across ten alternative platforms. The platforms with the highest presence were Telegram (129 channels), VK (115 groups), and BitChute (79). The total number of German-speaking individuals with far-right beliefs using these platforms is estimated to be between 15,000 and 50,000.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Different far-right ideologies vary in their reach; while anti-Muslim and neo-Nazi channels are more numerous, 'Identitarian' groups have the largest reach, with the largest Identitarian channel exceeding 35,000 followers, compared to 18,000 for the largest anti-Muslim channel and approximately 10,000 for the largest neo-Nazi channel.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"User motivations for joining alternative platforms differ by site: Gab users are primarily driven by freedom of speech grievances and anti-left resentment (54%), 4chan /pol/ users are motivated by anti-minority hatred (46%) and entertainment (22%), and members of the Discord group Reconquista Germanica seek political change (39%) and community belonging (41%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Immigration is the most discussed topic across the sampled platforms, with 60% of immigration-related posts focusing on the illegal behaviour of refugees or migrants and 12% referencing conspiracy theories regarding the demographic replacement of 'native Europeans'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"An algorithmic analysis of 4chan's Kraut/pol/ threads revealed that 56.9% of mentions of Jewish people contained clearly antisemitic narratives, moving beyond simple slurs to include allegations of Jewish control over tech firms, media, and democratic institutions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Banning far-right groups from mainstream platforms reduces their overall reach and does not appear to cause a direct displacement of users to alternative platforms. A sample of 25 groups showed that those with a presence on mainstream platforms actually had higher follower numbers on alternative platforms than those who had been banned.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Far-right themes are disproportionately overrepresented in alternative media compared to mainstream media. Concepts like 'great replacement' and 'Islamisation' appear in 0.5-6.0% of stories in alt-media, whereas mainstream media coverage of these themes is primarily event-driven, such as in response to the Christchurch attack.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The right-wing populist party Alternative for Deutschland (AfD) has a minimal and largely inactive presence on alternative platforms; only 31 communities were identified, 29 of which are on VK, with the largest recently active group having only 414 followers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"isdglo-000102#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["United States","Russia","United Kingdom","France","New Zealand"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["digital ethnography","content analysis","machine learning","natural language processing","comparative analysis"]}]}