{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["multi-proxy study"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'multi-proxy study' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=multi-proxy+study","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iai-000006","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000006","title":"Paleotempestología de la región caribeña: un estudio multi-proxy de la variabilidad espacial y temporal de la actividad de los huracanes en el Caribe en múltiples sitios","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"es","date_published":"2024-10-17","source_url":"https://iai.int/es/paleotempestologia-de-la-region-caribena-un-estudio-multi-proxy-de-la-variabilidad-espacial-y-temporal-de-la-actividad-de-los-huracanes-en-el-caribe-en-multiples-sitios-sgp-cra-2050/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The project utilizes paleotempestology—analyzing sediment cores from lagoons, stalagmite isotopic records, tree rings, and corals—to reconstruct past tropical cyclone activity. Key findings indicate that higher sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic correlate with increased hurricane activity, with notable peaks during the Medieval Warm Period (AD 900-1100) and since 1980. The research also identifies an inverse phase relationship in hurricane landfalls between Central America, the Eastern Caribbean, and the US East Coast, suggesting that the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and tropical anticyclones are critical drivers of coastal risk. Additionally, the study expanded its scope to the Pacific coast of Mexico, identifying an extreme event in Baja California Sur approximately 500 years ago.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A coral-based proxy record of Atlantic sea surface temperatures from AD 1552 to 1991 demonstrates that periods of higher hurricane activity before 1550 and after 1750 coincide with higher sea surface temperatures, while cooler temperatures correlate with fewer storms in the Caribbean.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hurricane activity in the Caribbean is influenced by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with peaks in activity occurring during the Medieval Warm Period (AD 900-1100) and again starting in 1980, linked to higher sea surface temperatures and La Niña-like conditions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Proxy records from Belize and Nicaragua suggest an inverse phase relationship in hurricane landfalls between Central America, the Eastern Caribbean, and the US East Coast, indicating that the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the tropical anticyclone are significant factors in Western Atlantic coastal risks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Low-Level Jet (IALLJ) dominates air mass circulation in the Intra-American sea and critically affects sea surface temperature and moisture advection, which are key factors for hurricane intensity and storm damage.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sedimentary evidence from Laguna La Poza in Baja California Sur, Mexico, indicates an extreme event occurred approximately 500 years ago.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000006#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["hurricane","tropical cyclone","sea surface temperature"],"geography_discussed":["Baja California Sur","Nicaragua","Belize"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["multi-proxy study","historical reconstruction","climate modeling"]},{"id":"iai-000469","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iai-000469","title":"Paleotempestology of the Caribbean region: a multi-proxy, multi-site study of the spatial and temporal variability of Caribbean hurricane activity","publisher":{"name":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","organization":"inter-american-institute-for-global-change-research"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"en","date_published":"2013-05","source_url":"https://iai.int/admin/site/sites/default/files/uploads/2014/03/CRA_2050.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The project uses proxy data from lagoon sediments, stalagmites, tree-rings, and corals to analyze past hurricane activity. Key findings indicate that higher hurricane activity correlates with warmer sea surface temperatures and specific climate patterns like the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Research in Nicaragua and Belize suggests an anti-phase relationship in landfall activity between Central America and the eastern Caribbean/U.S. East coast, influenced by the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and subtropical anticyclone. Additionally, the project identifies the Low-Level Jet (IALLJ) as a critical factor for sea surface temperatures and moisture advection. Demographic data highlights that approximately 19 million people in the conterminous U.S. live in vulnerable areas less than 1 km from the coastline.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A coral-based proxy record of Atlantic sea surface temperatures from AD 1552-1991 indicates that warmer sea surfaces coincide with higher hurricane activity, specifically before 1550 and after 1750, while cooler surfaces correlate with fewer storms in the Caribbean.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Caribbean hurricane activity is influenced by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with peaks in activity during the Medieval period (AD 900-1100) and since 1980 linked to warmer sea surface temperatures and La Niña-like conditions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Proxy records from Belize and Nicaragua suggest an anti-phase relationship in hurricane landfall activity between Central America and the U.S. East coast and eastern Caribbean, likely driven by changes in steering patterns and the positions of the subtropical anticyclone and the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Low-Level Jet (IALLJ) dominates air mass circulations in the Intra-Americas Sea and significantly impacts moisture advection and sea surface temperatures, which are key factors for storm damage and hurricane strength.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Based on 2006 demographic data, approximately 19 million people in the conterminous U.S. reside in vulnerable areas within 1 km of the coastline, and 12 million people live in areas with an elevation of three meters or less along the coast.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iai-000469#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["hurricane","sea surface temperature","sea level rise"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Nicaragua","Belize"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["multi-proxy study","comparative study","modeling"]}]}