{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["monitoring"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":24,"relation":"eq"},"page":2,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=monitoring&page=2","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-001567","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001567","title":"samhe_full_year_report_23_24-f7436456cdd332c1.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://samhe.org.uk/resources/SAMHE_Full_Year_Report_23_24.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This report presents findings from the Schools’ Air quality Monitoring for Health and Education (SAMHE) initiative for the 2023/2024 academic year. Based on data from hundreds of UK schools, the report examines the relationship between outdoor temperatures and indoor air quality, specifically focusing on carbon dioxide (CO2), relative humidity, and particulate matter (PM2.5).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The SAMHE initiative has deployed air quality monitors to over 1,300 schools; as of July 2024, it receives data from approximately 750 monitors located in about 430 schools.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Indoor temperatures in classrooms remained relatively consistent throughout the academic year, likely due to heating during colder months, though an upward trajectory was noted when outdoor temperatures exceeded 23°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in classrooms were lower during warmer weather and increased during cooler winter months, suggesting that the desire to keep classrooms warm during cold weather acts as a barrier to adequate ventilation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"During colder periods, some classrooms exceeded the Department for Education's BB101 guideline value of 1,500 ppm for daily average CO2 concentrations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Classroom relative humidity levels appear to be primarily influenced by outdoor weather conditions rather than the breathing of occupants.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Daily mean PM2.5 concentrations generally remained between 2-6 µg/m3, which is below the World Health Organization's recommended maximum daily mean value of 15 µg/m3.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Indoor PM2.5 levels are influenced by both internal school activities and regional or national concentrations, as evidenced by indoor spikes that largely follow the trends of the Government’s national monitoring network (AURN).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001567#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["indoor air quality","ventilation","pm2.5","carbon dioxide","school infrastructure","thermal comfort"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Data Analysis","Monitoring"]},{"id":"wwf-000429","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwf-000429","title":"AREA OF FOREST OCCUPIED BY THE COLONIES OF MONARCH BUTTERFLIES IN MEXICO DURING THE 2022-2023 OVERWINTERING PERIOD","publisher":{"name":"WWF International","organization":"wwf-international"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1036/3oj167d505_WWF_Monarch_Butterfly_Report_2022_2023_FINAL.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"During the second half of December 2022, monarch butterfly colonies in Mexico occupied 2.21 hectares of forest, representing a 22% decrease from the 2.84 hectares recorded in 2021. Of the 11 colonies identified, six (1.52 ha) were located within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) and five (0.69 ha) were outside the reserve. The largest colony (0.797 ha) was found in Ejido El Rosario, while the smallest (0.004 ha) was in Ejido El Potrero. The report identifies climate change, forest degradation in Mexico, and the decline of milkweed in the United States as primary threats to the species.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In the second half of December 2022, 11 monarch butterfly colonies occupied a total of 2.21 hectares of forest, which is a 22% decrease compared to the 2.84 hectares recorded in 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The distribution of the colonies showed that 1.52 hectares (six colonies) were located inside the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR), while 0.69 hectares (five colonies) were located outside the reserve.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Within the Monarch Region, the largest colony occupied 0.797 hectares in Ejido El Rosario (Sierra Campanario Sanctuary), and the smallest occupied 0.004 hectares in Ejido El Potrero (Cerro de la Antena Sanctuary).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A colony occupying 0.019 hectares was recorded in Atlautla, which is located outside the Monarch Region and adjacent to the Iztaccihuatl-Popocatepetl National Park.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies three main threats to monarch butterflies: climate change, land use change in North America and forest degradation in Mexico, and the decline of milkweed at reproduction sites in the United States caused by herbicide use.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000429#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","forest degradation","land-use change","biodiversity loss"],"geography_discussed":["Michoacán","State of Mexico","United States","Canada","North America"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["monitoring","population assessment"]},{"id":"wwf-000715","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwf-000715","title":"AREA OF FOREST OCCUPIED BY THE COLONIES OF MONARCH BUTTERFLIES IN MEXICO DURING THE 2021-2022 OVERWINTERING PERIOD","publisher":{"name":"WWF International","organization":"wwf-international"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1134/7907txsoa8_Monarch_Butterfly_Survey_2021_2022_May24_2022_.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"During the second half of December 2021, 10 monarch butterfly colonies were recorded in Mexico, occupying a total of 2.835 hectares of forest. This represents a 35% increase from the 2.10 hectares recorded in 2020. The colonies were distributed equally between Michoacan and the State of Mexico, with 2.174 hectares located inside the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) and 0.661 hectares outside of it. The largest colony was found in the Sierra Campanario Sanctuary at 1.187 hectares, while the smallest was in the Lomas de Aparicio Sanctuary at 0.003 hectares.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000715#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In the second half of December 2021, 10 monarch butterfly colonies were registered, covering a total forest area of 2.835 hectares, which is a 35% increase over the 2.10 hectares recorded in 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000715#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The distribution of the 10 colonies was split evenly between the State of Mexico and Michoacan, with 2.174 hectares located within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) and 0.661 hectares located outside the reserve.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000715#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The largest recorded colony in the Monarch Region was 1.187 hectares in the Sierra Campanario Sanctuary (el Ejido El Rosario), and the smallest was 0.003 hectares in the Lomas de Aparicio Sanctuary (el Ejido Crescencio Morales).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000715#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies three primary threats to monarch butterflies in North America: climate change, forest degradation in Mexico, and the decline of milkweeds at breeding sites.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000715#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["forest degradation","climate change","biodiversity conservation"],"geography_discussed":["Michoacán","State of Mexico","Canada","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["monitoring","population assessment"]},{"id":"wwf-000787","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwf-000787","title":"AREA OF FOREST OCCUPIED BY THE COLONIES OF MONARCH BUTTERFLIES IN MEXICO, DURING THE OVERWINTERING PERIOD 2024-2025","publisher":{"name":"WWF International","organization":"wwf-international"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/1087/895sxc8y98_WWF_MonarchButterflySurveyResults_2024_2025_English_Acres.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"During the 2024-2025 overwintering season, monarch butterfly colonies in Mexico occupied 4.42 acres of forest, marking a 99% increase from the 2.22 acres recorded in 2023-2024. Eight colonies were identified: three within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) covering 3.01 acres and five outside the MBBR covering 1.42 acres. The largest colony was found in ejido El Rosario, Michoacán (2.46 acres), while the smallest was in San Andrés (0.005 acres).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In the 2024-2025 overwintering season, eight monarch butterfly colonies occupied a total of 4.42 acres of forest, which is a 99% increase compared to the 2.22 acres recorded during the 2023-2024 winter.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Of the total area occupied, 3.01 acres were located within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) across three colonies, while 1.42 acres were occupied by five colonies located outside the MBBR.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The largest individual colony was located in ejido El Rosario, Michoacán, covering 2.46 acres, and the smallest was in San Andrés in the Los Azufres sanctuary, covering 0.005 acres.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The colony at Atlautla, situated outside the Monarch Region and adjacent to the Iztaccíhuatl - Popocatépetl National Park, occupied 0.24 acres.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Historically, the 2023-2024 winter recorded the second lowest area of occupation in 30 years (2.22 acres), with the lowest historical record occurring in 2013-2014 (1.65 acres) and the highest in 1996-1997 (44.95 acres).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwf-000787#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","land-use change","biodiversity conservation"],"geography_discussed":["Michoacán","State of Mexico","Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve","Canada","United States","Iztaccíhuatl - Popocatépetl National Park"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["monitoring","quantitative assessment"]}]}