{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["logistic regression"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":14,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=logistic+regression","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"prio-001245","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001245","title":"Does Gender Equality Matter? The Effect Of Gender Equality On Protest Campaign Success","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2022","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/364073cc-fc3c-46df-8f5e-765628d74bb6/Birthe_Einen Master Thesis 2022.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that higher levels of women's political empowerment are positively associated with the success of nonviolent resistance campaigns and negatively associated with the success of violent campaigns. Using the NAVCO 2.1 dataset and the Women's Political Empowerment Index (WPEI), the author argues that gender equality shapes both the societal norms regarding the legitimacy of violence and the opportunity structures for recruitment. While the results for nonviolent campaigns are robust across various specifications, the findings for violent campaigns are more sensitive to how time dependency is handled. The author concludes that gender-related dynamics are critical structural elements in understanding the outcomes of collective action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a positive significant relationship between women's political empowerment and the likelihood of nonviolent campaign success.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a negative significant relationship between women's political empowerment and the success of violent resistance campaigns.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The effect of women's political empowerment on campaign success differs significantly based on the primary tactic used, as shown by a significant interaction term in the logit model (p < 0.001).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The author hypothesises that gender inequality promotes violent campaigns by fostering norms of 'militarised masculinities' and creating a 'male surplus' that eases recruitment for armed groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender equality is theorised to increase nonviolent success by promoting norms of mutual respect and expanding the mobilisation pool to include more women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Women's Political Empowerment Index (WPEI) is a more effective predictor of campaign success than other proxies such as fertility rates, literacy ratios, or infant mortality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Individual subcomponents of the WPEI (civil liberties, civil society participation, and political participation) do not show statistically significant effects on their own, suggesting that empowerment operates as a multidimensional macro-concept.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The model for nonviolent campaign success is robust across different specifications, but the model for violent campaign success is sensitive to the method used to handle time dependency.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The inclusion of WPEI improves the predictive power of the models, though out-of-sample generalisability for nonviolent campaigns remains poor (AUC < 0.70).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study found no evidence of selection bias that would invalidate the use of a single-stage logistic regression model for the main analysis.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001245#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["India","Nigeria"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative","logistic regression","cross-national","time-series"]},{"id":"prio-001530","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001530","title":"Can Pre-Election Protests Influence Voter Behaviour?","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2021","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/574e2383-102f-4816-947c-c627ecd634ee/MA Thesis Amalie Nilsen.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study analyzes the impact of the 2019 Anti-ELAB movement on voter behavior in Hong Kong. Using logistic regression on survey and event data, the author finds that protests and police brutality mobilize individuals who identify as \"Hongkongers\" to vote for opposition parties, while having the opposite effect on those who identify as \"Chinese\". Nonviolent protests were found to be more effective in inducing defections from the regime among those with a local identity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Opposition protests in a respondent's district increase the likelihood that previous non-voters who identify as \"Hongkongers\" will vote for opposition parties in the 2019 election.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Conversely, pre-election protests reduce the likelihood that previous non-voters who identify as \"Chinese\" will vote for opposition parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Police brutality, specifically the use of teargas, increases the probability that previous non-voters identifying as \"Hongkongers\" will switch to voting for the opposition and decreases their likelihood of voting for incumbent parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"For previous non-voters identifying as \"Chinese\", teargas events decrease the likelihood of voting for the opposition and increase the likelihood of voting for incumbent parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Nonviolent protests significantly increase the likelihood that previous regime supporters who identify as \"Hongkongers\" will defect to opposition parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Violent protests increase the likelihood that \"Hongkongers\" who previously did not vote will switch to the opposition, while they increase the likelihood that \"Chinese\" non-voters will switch to incumbent parties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study found no statistically significant evidence that teargas use influenced the likelihood of previous regime supporters defecting to the opposition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001530#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative","logistic regression","cross-sectional survey","event data analysis"]},{"id":"bc3res-000192","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/bc3res-000192","title":"Impact framing and experience for determining acceptable levels of climate change risk: A lab experiment","publisher":{"name":"Basque Centre for Climate Change","organization":"basque-centre-for-climate-change"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-11","source_url":"https://www.bc3research.org/h6T8Uy8Nm4gFs0O/20201111053032570769538.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that visual appeals (photos) significantly lower the acceptable level of risk by triggering emotional and moral reasoning, though this effect is diminished when numeric data is presented as a range rather than a single value. Additionally, participants who experienced simulated damages increased their investment in protection in subsequent rounds, suggesting a reactive 'gut' response to experience that differs from the reflective reasoning triggered by visual cues.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Visual framings, specifically the inclusion of photos of climate impacts, lead to lower acceptable levels of risk (ALR) and higher investment in protection compared to text-only communications.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The influence of visual appeals on risk acceptability is stronger when damage costs are presented as a single value than when they are presented as a range, as the latter requires more cognitive effort and objective reasoning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Presenting climate change damage costs as a range of values, rather than a single value, does not significantly change the overall level of risk acceptability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Personal experience of damages significantly reduces the acceptable level of risk in subsequent decisions, whereas those who do not experience damages maintain their initial risk acceptability levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Visual cues trigger a form of 'practical rationality' based on long-lasting narratives and moral duty, while the effect of experience is a transient, reactive 'gut' response that may lead to maladaptation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000192#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change adaptation","climate change communication"],"geography_discussed":["Zarautz","Basque Country","Spain"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["lab experiment","factorial design","within-subject design","ANOVA","logistic regression"]},{"id":"prio-001872","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001872","title":"Breaking the Waves? Does Education Mediate the Relationship Between Youth Bulges and Political Violence?","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2009-11","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/bf914510-7188-4ab2-97eb-d02ceaf25b16/WPS5114.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The research finds that large youth cohorts significantly increase the risk of political violence primarily in societies with low male secondary education levels. This effect is most pronounced in low and middle-income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study supports the 'opportunity cost' hypothesis, suggesting that higher education reduces the incentive for young men to join rebel organizations. Conversely, it finds no evidence that rapid educational expansion or low progression ratios between education levels increase conflict risk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The interaction between large youth cohorts and low education levels is particularly strong in low and middle-income countries, with significant relevance for Sub-Saharan Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study supports the hypothesis that education increases the opportunity cost of rebel labor, making rebellion less attractive to more highly educated youth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rapid expansions in secondary and tertiary education do not increase the risk of armed conflict; in fact, secondary education expansion is statistically associated with lower risk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Low educational progression ratios from primary to secondary education were found to be unrelated to the risk of armed conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The analysis suggests that increasing educational levels for females may also have an indirect pacifying effect on conflict risk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001872#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["sub-Saharan Africa","South Korea","Taiwan","Mozambique","Sierra Leone","Uganda","Eritrea","Nigeria","Namibia","Tanzania"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative","logistic regression","survival analysis","stratified interaction model"]},{"id":"prio-001168","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001168","title":"The Devil in the Demographics: The Effect of Youth Bulges on Domestic Armed Conflict, 1950-2000","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2004-07","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/37cda26a-0f88-4d4c-b210-ba867408058e/29740.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that youth bulges significantly increase the risk of domestic armed conflict, particularly when combined with economic stagnation. Using a dataset of sovereign states and dependent areas from 1950 to 2000, the author argues that the risk is heightened in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab world where youth bulges coexist with poor economic performance and unstable political regimes. The research rejects Samuel P. Huntington's theory of a specific 'critical level' threshold for conflict and suggests that previous World Bank studies failed to find these effects due to flawed measurement methods. Additionally, the author identifies migration as a critical 'safety valve' that can mitigate youth discontent.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Youth bulges are robustly associated with an increased risk of domestic armed conflict; specifically, a one percentage point increase in a youth bulge is linked to approximately a 7% increase in conflict likelihood.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The risk of conflict associated with youth bulges is significantly amplified during periods of economic stagnation or recession.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study finds no empirical evidence to support Samuel P. Huntington's proposition that conflict risk increases non-linearly once youth bulges reach a specific 'critical level' (such as 20% of the population).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The author argues that previous World Bank research failed to find a significant link between youth bulges and conflict because they measured youth cohorts relative to the total population rather than the adult population, which underestimates bulges in rapidly growing populations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The relationship between youth bulges and conflict appears to have changed over time; the effect was positive and significant during the Cold War (1950-1989) but became insignificant and negative in the post-Cold War period (1990-2000).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Political regime type exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with conflict risk, where intermediary and unstable regimes are more prone to conflict than either stable democracies or stark autocracies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Migration serves as a critical mitigating factor, acting as a 'safety valve' for youth discontent and reducing the likelihood of domestic violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Based on 2000 data, countries identified as particularly vulnerable due to the combination of youth bulges, intermediary regimes, and stagnant economic growth include Zambia, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Yemen, Niger, Togo, Iran, and Jordan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001168#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["sub-Saharan Africa","Arab world","Zambia","Kenya","Zimbabwe","Yemen","Niger","Togo","Iran","Jordan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative survey","logistic regression","event history statistical model"]},{"id":"sei-002615","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002615","title":"Household in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) -Ghana","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"1993","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-EnvironmentalProblemsAccraGhana-McGranahan-1993-lowres-scan.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the intersection of poverty, environmental degradation, and health in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA). It identifies critical deficiencies in water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and air quality, linking these to high prevalences of childhood diarrhoea and respiratory infections. The study highlights that while the wealthy have better access to amenities, the poor face severe risks from shared facilities, water vendors, and biomass cooking fuels. It concludes that integrated environmental strategies and poverty alleviation are essential for improving public health in the region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Water access in GAMA is highly stratified by wealth; while 35.2% of households have indoor piping, the poor rely heavily on water vendors, who charge significantly more than official tariffs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water supply irregularities lead to widespread household storage, which increases contamination risks; 95.7% of households in GAMA store water, often in barrels or buckets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sanitation facilities are severely overcrowded, with 40.5% of the population relying on communal facilities open to the whole neighbourhood, leading to open defecation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Solid waste management is inadequate, with the Waste Management Department capable of collecting only about 60% of the 900 tons of refuse generated daily.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Malarial mosquitoes are a major health hazard, and there is evidence that Anopheles mosquitoes are adapting to breed in urban household water containers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of chemical insect control is associated with respiratory problems: mosquito coils are linked to childhood acute respiratory infection, and pump-spray insecticides to symptoms in adult women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food contamination from vendors is a significant risk factor for childhood diarrhoea; the prevalence of the disease was roughly twice as high among households that patronised food vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Household air pollution from biomass fuels is a serious concern, with wood users facing the highest exposure to respirable particulates (mean 587 μg/m³), followed by charcoal users.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Acute respiratory infections in children are associated with factors such as the presence of children during cooking, leaky roofs, and the use of mosquito coils.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Residents place a high economic value on environmental improvements, with insect control and water availability being the most valued, though ability to pay is a major constraint for the poor.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Environmental management in GAMA is fragmented across at least eight government ministries, creating significant coordination challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water-supply management","sanitation","household air pollution","malaria","urbanization","public health","urban planning"],"geography_discussed":["Ghana"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","physical environmental testing","contingent valuation","logistic regression","institutional analysis"]},{"id":"iejza-000132","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iejza-000132","title":"Economists and Crises","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Economic Justice","organization":"institute-for-economic-justice"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://iej.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Economists-and-Crises-1.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report presents survey results from 920 economics students and graduates across 85 countries, finding that a vast majority believe the discipline's reliance on neoclassical economics fails to prepare them for real-world crises. Key findings highlight a lack of teaching on alternatives to the price mechanism during pandemics, the absence of links between the economy and the environment, and a failure to address systemic racial and gender biases. The authors advocate for curriculum reform that incorporates other social sciences and diverse schools of thought to produce economists capable of addressing contemporary global challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A significant majority of economics students and graduates believe the current educational framework is inadequate for addressing modern crises, with 78.5% agreeing that the COVID-19 pandemic should serve as a turning point for how the subject is taught.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economics education often fails to provide alternatives to the price mechanism for resource allocation during crises; 76.9% of respondents did not believe the price mechanism is the best method for allocation during a crisis, yet many reported a lack of instruction on alternatives.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a perceived disconnect between the value society places on workers and the wages they receive, a link that 44.0% of surveyed students and graduates (including 39.2% at the PhD level) felt was not taught in their courses.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Students perceive a high level of political bias in the discipline, with only 8.5% agreeing that economists' proposals are free from such bias, while the report argues that mainstream papers rarely disclose inherent biases.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Systemic bias is a prevalent issue in economics curricula, with 64.5% of students believing their courses suffer from biases or prejudices related to race, gender, or class. Specifically, female respondents were 83.9% more likely to identify gender bias in their courses.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Economics degrees frequently fail to integrate environmental science, with 42.3% of respondents disagreeing that they were taught how the economy is connected to or embedded in the environment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is overwhelming student support for an interdisciplinary approach to economics, with 89.2% agreeing that economists would be better equipped to respond to crises if they interacted more with other social sciences.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iejza-000132#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate change","circular economy"],"geography_discussed":["United Kingdom","United States","Australia","India","Nairobi","Brazil","Bangladesh","Greenland"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["survey","curriculum analysis","logistic regression"]},{"id":"prio-001218","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001218","title":"Artisanal mining, conflict, and sexual violence in Eastern DRC","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/d9b0068f-c277-41ce-b155-32645b8a8242/Artisanal mining conflict and sexual violence in Eastern DRC.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study finds that women living near ASM sites in Eastern DRC are more likely to experience both intimate partner sexual violence and sexual violence by others. This risk is particularly acute for women in North Kivu, South Kivu, and Maniema living near mines controlled by armed actors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Women residing in close proximity to artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) activities in Eastern DRC face a higher likelihood of experiencing sexual violence from both intimate partners and non-partners.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the provinces of North Kivu, South Kivu, and Maniema, there is a highly significant correlation between living near ASM sites controlled by armed actors (including government forces, rebels, or militias) and an increased risk of sexual violence by non-partners.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The risk of sexual violence by non-partners is substantially higher for women living closest to armed actor-controlled mines in the most conflict-affected areas; the risk increases from 5.7% for those furthest away (90th percentile) to 16.2% for those closest (10th percentile).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study found no evidence to support the hypothesis that women who both live near ASM sites and work outside the home are more likely to experience sexual violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While proximity to any mine increases risk, the specific link between armed actor-controlled mines and sexual violence was not statistically significant when analyzed across Eastern DRC as a whole, only when restricted to the Kivus and Maniema.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001218#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["North Kivu","South Kivu","Maniema","Katanga Province","Oriental"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","spatial analysis","logistic regression"]},{"id":"prio-001373","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001373","title":"Explaining External Support for Insurgent Groups","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/ba2631d9-71a0-4297-9b5f-93d7d52b73ac/Explaining External Support for Insurgent Groups.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The research examines the determinants of external state support for rebel groups using a new dataset of 403 organizations. It argues that support is not merely a function of the civil war's general characteristics but depends on the specific attributes of the rebel group and the international relations of the target state. The findings indicate that moderately strong groups with transnational constituencies are most likely to receive aid, particularly when the target state is involved in an international rivalry or receives its own external support. Conversely, very strong or very weak groups, and those in democratic states, are less likely to be supported.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"External support is most likely for rebel groups of moderate strength; the strongest and weakest groups are less likely to receive assistance. Very weak groups are seen as unworthy investments, while the strongest can rely on domestic resources and prioritize autonomy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rebel groups with transnational constituencies—including those with ethnic, religious, or ideological ties across borders—are significantly more likely to receive external state support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurgent groups are more likely to receive external assistance if the state they are fighting is engaged in an international rivalry, as sponsoring rebels is a tactic to undermine enemies without initiating full-scale interstate war.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Counterbalancing interventions are common, where external states support rebel groups specifically because the target government is already receiving external assistance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Contrary to the authors' initial hypothesis, the ability to control territory did not decrease the likelihood of foreign support; instead, it was found to be positively related to receiving support, possibly because it proves the group's viability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"General country-level characteristics, such as GDP per capita and overall military capacity (CINC), are not reliable predictors of whether rebel groups receive external support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Democratic states are generally less likely to be the target of externally sponsored rebel groups compared to non-democracies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The presence of a strong central command did not increase the likelihood of receiving support, contradicting the expectation that such structures make rebels more reliable agents for state patrons.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001373#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Indonesia","Colombia","Chad","Libya","South Africa","Angola","Mozambique","Sudan","Uganda","Iran","Iraq","Nicaragua","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Rwanda","Turkey","Sri Lanka","Afghanistan","Ethiopia","Philippines"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","principal-agent framework","logistic regression"]},{"id":"prio-001410","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001410","title":"Gender Gap or Gender Bias in Peace Research?","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/8d21b889-e6d6-42c8-98ac-7bba12514af3/Gender Gap or Gender Bias in Peace Research Publication Patterns for Journal of Peace Research 1983-2008.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study analyzes data from the Journal of Peace Research (JPR) from 1983 to 2008 to examine the gender gap in academic publishing. While the authors find a clear but declining gender gap in the number of submissions and published articles, they find no evidence of significant gender bias in the acceptance process or in citation counts. The results suggest that the observed productivity gap is not driven by editorial bias, and that co-authorship positively influences both publication success and citation impact regardless of gender.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a significant gender gap in the authorship of the Journal of Peace Research, though it has decreased over time. Female authorship rose from below 10% in the 1980s to approximately 20% in the 1990s, and was approaching 40% by 2008.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The gender gap in publications appears to mirror a similar gap in submissions, suggesting that the disparity is a reflection of the broader profession rather than editorial bias.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study found no evidence that the transition from a single-blind to a double-blind review policy significantly altered the submission-acceptance ratio for women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Articles with at least one female author are slightly more likely to be published than those with only male authors, but this is largely attributed to the positive effect of co-authorship rather than gender itself.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender is not a significant determinant of citation rates for articles published in the journal.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Co-authorship and specific article types have a stronger influence on citations than author gender; specifically, co-authored articles and 'Special Data Features' receive significantly more citations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001410#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","logistic regression","negative binomial regression"]},{"id":"prio-001477","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001477","title":"Inequality and Conflict in Federations","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/45ea5ced-8bce-4b77-8cbd-49b9ac6ff57d/Inequality and Conflict in Federations.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The authors use geo-coded data from 31 federal states to argue that both relatively rich and relatively poor regions are more prone to secessionist conflict than those with average wealth. The study also finds that the presence of politically excluded ethnic groups and the existence of regional autonomy further elevate the risk of violent secessionist conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Regional economic inequality is robustly associated with the onset of secessionist conflict, with both relatively affluent and underdeveloped regions facing a higher risk than those close to the national average.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The presence of politically excluded ethnic groups within a region significantly increases the likelihood of that region experiencing secessionist conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Regional autonomy for the largest excluded ethnic group further increases the probability of secessionist conflict, as autonomous institutions can provide resources and entrench identities that fuel separatism.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The relationship between regional inequality and secessionist conflict persists regardless of whether a state is a federation or a non-federation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Control variables indicate that higher national population density and higher national GDP per capita are associated with an increased likelihood of secessionist conflict, while a history of prior conflict in a specific administrative unit also raises the risk.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001477#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["World","Biafra","Punjab","Slovenia","Croatia","Quebec","Ontario","Autonomous Region of Bougainville","Chechnya"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","logistic regression","cross-national comparative study"]},{"id":"prio-001651","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001651","title":"Population Pressure, Horizontal Inequality and Political Violence: A Disaggregated Study of Indonesian Provinces, 1990–2003","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/334bf2dd-dfed-4fe3-8828-daf2cea883dc/Population Pressure Horizontal Inequality and Political Violence.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study examines whether resource scarcity and inter-group inequalities drive political violence at a sub-national level in Indonesia. While population growth and horizontal inequality show little effect in isolation, their interaction significantly increases the risk of 'routine' violence. The authors find that in provinces with high population growth, greater inequality between religious groups elevates the risk of violence, suggesting that demographic pressure may amplify existing social segmentations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Population growth alone has a statistically significant positive effect on the risk of 'routine' violence, but it does not significantly affect 'episodic' violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Land scarcity does not increase the risk of political violence in Indonesia; in some models, it is actually associated with a lower risk of episodic violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Religious polarization and horizontal inequality (measured by infant mortality rates between religious groups) do not significantly increase the risk of political violence when analyzed in isolation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong and significant interaction effect between population growth and horizontal inequality: in provinces with high population growth, higher levels of inter-religious inequality significantly increase the risk of routine violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The interaction between population growth and horizontal inequality also shows some support for increasing episodic violence, though the effect is weaker and influenced by the time period analyzed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Urbanization is positively associated with the risk of routine violence, which the authors note is a predominantly urban phenomenon.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Previous experience with conflict is a very strong predictor of future violence within the same province, though violence does not appear to spread across provincial borders.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Poorer regions (lower GDP per capita) are more likely to experience routine violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001651#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["urbanization"],"geography_discussed":["Java","Aceh","Papua","Timor-Leste","Maluku","Sulawesi","Kalimantan","Jakarta"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["statistical analysis","disaggregated study","logistic regression"]},{"id":"prio-001654","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001654","title":"Poverty, Inequality, and Conflict","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/1020840b-334f-4d09-ac8e-b393bfccf36d/Poverty Inequality and Conflict.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The authors argue that national-level GDP per capita is an ambiguous proxy for the drivers of civil war, as conflict is typically a localized phenomenon. Using a global grid of 0.5-degree cells and G-Econ data for 1990, they test three hypotheses: that poorer areas are more prone to conflict (H1), that pockets of wealth in poor countries attract insurgency (H2), and that deviations from national income averages increase risk (H3). Preliminary results indicate that conflict onsets are more likely in poorer areas of a state and that the relationship between Gross Cell Product (GCP) per capita and conflict risk follows an inverted U-shape, peaking at approximately $1,300 per capita.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The authors argue that national-level economic data are insufficient for explaining civil war because conflict is usually a localized event occurring in peripheral regions that may differ significantly from national averages.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Preliminary data analysis shows that both Gross Cell Product (GCP) per capita and national GDP per capita are lower for cells experiencing conflict onset compared to those that do not.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study finds that most conflict locations have a local GCP per capita that is lower than the overall national GDP per capita, including in middle-income countries like Russia where conflicts in the Caucasus occur in very poor regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Regression analysis suggests a non-linear relationship between local income and conflict risk, specifically an inverted U-shape where the highest risk of onset is found in cells with a GCP per capita of approximately $1,300.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a statistically significant difference in conflict risk between the lowest and highest income cells; moving from the 10th to the 95th percentile of GCP per capita reduces the chance of onset by approximately 2%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001654#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Russia","Chechnya","Angola","Ethiopia","Spain","Israel"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","logistic regression","geospatial analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001824","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001824","title":"Environmental Problems and the Urban Household in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) -Ghana","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-EnvironmentalProblemsAccraGhana-McGranahan-1993-FullTextOCR.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report investigates the intersection of poverty and environmental degradation in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), Ghana. It finds that low-income households suffer from severe deficiencies in water access, sanitation, and waste management, which correlate strongly with high prevalences of childhood diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections. The study highlights that while the city has some advanced infrastructure, extreme crowding and unreliable supply systems negate these advantages for the poor. It concludes that an integrated environmental-health strategy, leveraging both government action and local community organisations, is necessary to improve urban welfare.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Water access in GAMA is highly stratified by wealth; while 98% of wealthy households have indoor piping, only 26% of poor households do, with 33% of the poor relying on water vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In-home water contamination is widespread, with 87% of storage container samples showing positive counts of faecal coliform, compared to 10% of tap water samples.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sanitation facilities in GAMA are severely overcrowded, with 41% of the population relying on communal facilities and nearly two-thirds of those users reporting that toilets are sometimes unusable due to long queues or being out-of-order.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Open defecation is a significant public health risk in GAMA, particularly among children; 36% of households reported that neighbourhood children sometimes practise open defecation, with the highest rates in poor areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Solid waste management is inadequate, with the Waste Management Department capable of collecting only about 60% of the 900 tons of refuse generated daily.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Malarial mosquitoes are a persistent hazard, and there is evidence that Anopheles mosquitoes are adapting to breed in household water containers, which are common due to unreliable water supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of chemical pest control is associated with respiratory issues: mosquito coils are linked to higher childhood acute respiratory infection, and pump-spray insecticides are associated with respiratory symptoms in female homemakers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food contamination from vendors is a significant risk factor for childhood diarrhoea; the prevalence of diarrhoea was roughly twice as high among households that regularly patronised food vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Household air pollution is driven by fuel choice, with wood and charcoal users facing the highest exposure to respirable particulates and carbon monoxide.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A multivariate analysis identifies eight key environmental risk factors significantly associated with higher childhood diarrhoea prevalence, including sharing toilets with more than five households, using pots for water storage, and buying prepared food from vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Childhood acute respiratory infection (ARI) is significantly associated with factors such as children being present during cooking, overcrowding (less than 4 square meters per person in the sleeping room), and leaky roofs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Households place the highest monetary value on insect control and water availability, reflecting the high health burden of malaria and diarrhoea.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-12","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Environmental management in GAMA involves a fragmented institutional structure with at least eight government ministries involved, leading to coordination challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-13","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Local non-governmental organisations, such as the Nima 441 Welfare Association and La Mansaamo Kpee, have successfully implemented community-led sanitation and water projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-14","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water-supply management","sanitation","malaria","household air pollution","environmental health"],"geography_discussed":["Ghana"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","physical environmental testing","logistic regression","contingent valuation","institutional analysis"]}]}