{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["livelihood analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'livelihood analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=livelihood+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"wri-001802","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wri-001802","title":"Restoring Landscapes in India for Climate and Communities","publisher":{"name":"World Resources Institute","organization":"world-resources-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://files.wri.org/s3fs-public/restoring-landscapes-india-climate-and-communities.pdf?rIg0UOEFJYEf9KGd7WJrMrjL3CKxHnUn","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies that 76% of Sidhi district's land area (over 363,000 hectares) has potential for landscape restoration through eight specific tree-based interventions. These include assisted natural regeneration, agri-horti-forestry (wadi), and trees on boundaries. Implementation could generate 3.75 million person-days of wage employment, resulting in INR 710 million in income, and sequester 7 million metric tons of carbon over 10–20 years. However, significant barriers exist, including insecure land tenure, poor market access, and a lack of technical knowledge. The authors recommend establishing 'accelerators' in policy, knowledge, technology, and business to coordinate stakeholders and scale restoration efforts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Over 363,000 hectares in Sidhi district, representing 76 percent of its total area, are suitable for landscape restoration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Eight specific tree-based interventions were identified as suitable for the district: assisted natural regeneration, mixed-species plantations, bamboo plantations, farmer-managed natural regeneration, riverbank plantation, trees on boundaries, agri-horti-forestry (wadi), and pastureland development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Restoring Sidhi's forests could increase forest carbon stock by 37 percent and sequester more than 7 million metric tons of carbon over a period of 10 to 20 years.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Implementation of restoration could create 3.75 million person-days of wage employment over two years, generating INR 710 million (US$10 million) in wage income and an additional INR 592.3 million (US$8.46 million) from sapling sales.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Developing value chains for six key tree species—aonla, bamboo, jackfruit, mahua, moringa, and palash—could create informal jobs for approximately 30,000 people, including women, landless people, and unemployed youth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The total estimated cost to implement the identified restoration interventions in Sidhi is between INR 4.37 billion (US$65 million) and INR 7.46 billion (US$111 million) over 5 to 10 years.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant barrier to restoration is the lack of tenurial clarity, particularly regarding the Forest Rights Act of 2006; for example, no claims have been recognized under community forest resource rights in the district.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a distinct divide in ecosystem service preferences: privileged upper-caste men prioritize regulatory services like water recharge and erosion control, while poor scheduled caste (SC) and scheduled tribe (ST) individuals prioritize provisioning services such as fuelwood, fodder, and food.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The district's social network for restoration is large but lacks diversity and coordination, with key actors including the divisional forest officer, the district collector, and the president of the zilla panchayat.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wri-001802#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon sequestration","agroforestry","biodiversity conservation","soil erosion","climate finance","land tenure","Paris Agreement","Nationally Determined Contributions","Sustainable Development Goals"],"geography_discussed":["Lucknow","Bhopal"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["spatial analysis","livelihood analysis","cost analysis","social network analysis","policy analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001236","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001236","title":"Baseline Assessment of Current Livelihood Strategies in the Jaldhaka Watershed, West Bengal, India","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2012","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/agwater/baseline-assessment.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies three primary livelihood strategies in the Jaldhaka watershed: agriculture, off-farm employment, and independent tea production. Smallholders predominantly grow rainfed rice for consumption, with cash crops including jute, tobacco, and potatoes. Irrigation is heavily dependent on groundwater, often via rented diesel pumps, which creates financial constraints and vulnerability. Off-farm income, ranging from 10-70% of total income, serves as a critical buffer against crop failure. Independent tea growing is an emerging, lucrative strategy for those with high-lying land, supported by Self Help Groups (SHGs) for marketing. The most vulnerable group is identified as those solely dependent on agriculture, while those with off-farm income are the least vulnerable. Key challenges include a lack of electricity, unpredictable rainfall, and market price fluctuations for cash crops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Jaldhaka watershed's population utilizes three main livelihood strategies: agriculture, off-farm employment (often combined with some agriculture), and tea production. All three groups typically produce rainfed rice for home consumption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agricultural vulnerability varies by strategy, with those dependent solely on agriculture considered the most vulnerable, followed by tea growers, while those with off-farm income are the least vulnerable.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Smallholders rely heavily on groundwater for irrigation, with 30-35% of the watershed area irrigated. Access is constrained by the depth of the water table, which is deeper in upstream areas, and the high cost of renting diesel pumps.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Off-farm income accounts for 10-70% of total income for a significant portion of the population (35-40%). This income is vital for purchasing staple foods when rice harvests fail.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Independent tea production is a lucrative alternative for farmers with high-lying land, offering higher income than traditional rice and jute cropping. These growers often use Self Help Groups (SHGs) to secure buyers and reduce transport costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial security for agricultural households is primarily tied to livestock (cows) and bamboo, which are sold during crises such as droughts or for healthcare and education expenses.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Farmers face significant challenges regarding infrastructure and market stability, specifically a lack of electricity for cheaper irrigation and extreme price fluctuations for crops like potatoes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001236#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["agricultural irrigation","smallholder"],"geography_discussed":["Cooch Behar district","Jalpaiguri district","Maynaguri community development block","Mathabangha","Shitalkuchi","Bangladesh"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["baseline assessment","livelihood analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001476","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001476","title":"Watershed Level Baseline Assessment in the Mkindo Watershed, Wami Basin, Tanzania","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2012","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/agwater/mkindo-baseline_120716.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report assesses three primary livelihood strategies in the Mkindo watershed: official irrigation agriculture, rainfed agriculture with supplementary irrigation, and livestock keeping. It identifies that while irrigated farmers are financially better off, rainfed farmers are more secure than livestock keepers. Key challenges across the watershed include poor road infrastructure, limited access to financial services, poor water quality leading to frequent health issues like malaria and typhoid, and escalating conflicts between farmers and livestock keepers over land and water access.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The watershed is divided into three main livelihood groups: farmers with access to official irrigation, those dependent on rainfed agriculture, and livestock keepers. Approximately 75% of agricultural households depend on rainfed agriculture, while 25% have access to improved water management or official irrigation schemes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Irrigated paddy rice production yields significantly higher results than rainfed production. In the well-organized first irrigation area, average yields reach 30 bags per acre, whereas the more informal second irrigation area yields 10 to 15 bags per acre. In contrast, rainfed paddy yields range from 6 to 15 bags per acre.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rainfed farmers employ risk-mitigation strategies by diversifying crops and locations, such as planting rice in lower-lying areas and maize in higher-lying areas to cope with varying rainfall and drainage conditions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Livestock keepers face severe challenges regarding land and water scarcity, leading to overgrazing and land degradation. Due to a lack of reliable water sources in their own areas, many are forced to migrate to Mkindo village and lease land from farmers, which frequently causes conflict.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water quality for domestic use is poor across the watershed, as river water is used for drinking despite being contaminated by animals and garbage. This contributes to a high incidence of water-related diseases, including typhoid, bilharzias, and malaria.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Infrastructure and financial constraints hinder agricultural development. Bad roads make transporting harvests to markets difficult, and a lack of financial services prevents farmers from obtaining loans to improve production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001476#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["agricultural irrigation","water scarcity","land degradation","water quality"],"geography_discussed":["Burkina Faso","India","West Bengal"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["baseline assessment","livelihood analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001483","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001483","title":"Watershed Level Baseline Assessment in the Nariarlé Watershed, Volta Basin, Burkina Faso","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2012","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/agwater/nariarle-awm-baseline_120727.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The assessment identifies four primary livelihood strategies in the Nariarlé watershed: rainfed agriculture, irrigated gardening, pastoralism, and fishing. Rainfed agriculture is the most dominant activity, covering 60-70% of the watershed, but suffers from low yields and high climatic risk. Irrigated gardening provides higher financial returns, with up to 90% of harvests sold, though it faces challenges from dam siltation and pesticide pollution. Pastoralism serves as a critical financial safety net, though grazing lands are being reduced by the expansion of Ouagadougou and agri-business. Fishing is a minor activity involving less than 3% of the population, threatened by invasive plants and non-compliant fishing nets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Rainfed agriculture is the primary livelihood strategy, occupying 60 to 70 per cent of the Nariarlé watershed. The most important crops are sorghum, pearl millet, cowpea, maize, groundnut, paddy rice, sesame, and bambara nut, with yields remaining very low, typically between 500 kg and 2 t ha-1.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Irrigated gardening and agriculture, located near water reservoirs and dams, offer significantly higher productivity and income. Up to 90 per cent of these harvests are sold, with paddy rice yielding an average of 4 t ha-1 and generating earnings between 700 000 F and 1 000 000 Fcfa (1750 to 2500 USD) per hectare.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Livestock keeping is the second most important activity, providing financial security and essential agricultural support such as plowing and organic fertilizer. However, available pasture is decreasing due to the expansion of Ouagadougou (the \"Le grand Ouaga\" project) and the sale of land for land-intensive agri-business.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Fishing is a marginal activity involving less than 3 per cent of the population, primarily utilizing large dams as communal property. Fishers earn at least 2000 F cfa (5 USD) per day, but the activity is threatened by the use of prohibited pesticides and fishing nets with non-compliant meshes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agricultural productivity in the watershed is constrained by climatic risks, lack of technical support, and high costs of inputs. While organic fertilizer from compost pits is used due to low financial capacity, improved seeds are rarely used in rainfed systems, though they are widely adopted in irrigated vegetable and rice cultivation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001483#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["agricultural irrigation","water management","climate risk","drought","land use","pesticide"],"geography_discussed":["Ouagadougou","Tanzania","India","West Bengal"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["baseline assessment","livelihood analysis"]}]}