{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["judicial survey"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'judicial survey' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=judicial+survey","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"polint-000022","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/polint-000022","title":"Major Questions in Lower Courts","publisher":{"name":"Institute for Policy Integrity","organization":"institute-for-policy-integrity"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2024-01-25","source_url":"https://policyintegrity.org/publications/detail/major-questions-in-lower-courts","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the application of the major questions doctrine in lower federal courts, arguing that the doctrine lacks a clear framework and is being applied inconsistently, often aligning with the political affiliations of the judges' appointing presidents.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"polint-000022#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Lower federal courts lack a unified approach to the major questions doctrine, with judges applying vastly different definitions and methods both within and across different circuits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"polint-000022#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The application of the major questions doctrine in lower courts appears discretionary and often correlates with the political party of the president who appointed the judge, particularly in cases involving Biden Administration executive orders and agency actions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"polint-000022#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the Supreme Court's decisions in West Virginia v. EPA (June 2022) and Biden v. Nebraska (June 2023), the major questions doctrine remains characterized by a lack of clarity and a missing workable framework for lower courts.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"polint-000022#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["environmental regulation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["legal analysis","judicial survey"]}]}