{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["input-output analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'input-output analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":5,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=input-output+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"transfor-000029","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/transfor-000029","title":"Reform for Phasing Out Inefficient Fossil Fuel Subsidies in Latin America","publisher":{"name":"Transforma","organization":"transforma"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2025-07","source_url":"https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/250703-Summary-Subsidios.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that fossil fuel production subsidies in Colombia and Mexico are inefficient, as their associated environmental and value-added costs outweigh the benefits of investment. It proposes a definition of 'inefficient subsidies' that considers fiscal cost, environmental impact, and social targeting, and suggests redirecting funds to sectors like construction and agriculture to support a just energy transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Fossil fuel subsidies in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) showed significant volatility, increasing from USD 29.5 billion in 2020 to USD 98.6 billion in 2022, before decreasing to USD 57.2 billion in 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Colombia, the 'Subsidy for the Development of Oil Infrastructure in Strategic Areas' was identified as a priority for phase-out because it targets producers rather than vulnerable consumers. A cost-benefit analysis (2015-2023) found that for every dollar invested, USD 0.58 was lost due to the subsidy and value-added costs, rising to USD 0.73 when environmental costs are included.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Mexico, the 'Deferred Investment Projects in the Expenditure Register' (PIDIREGAS) was selected for phase-out as it represents a high fiscal cost (0.59% of GDP). Analysis for 2015-2023 indicates that for every dollar of investment, USD 0.33 is lost due to the subsidy, USD 0.60 when including value-added losses, and USD 0.77 when including environmental costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The hydrocarbon sector's contribution to GDP is relatively low compared to its environmental impact, with environmental costs estimated at 1.7% of annual GDP in Mexico and between 1.18% and 1.59% of annual GDP in Colombia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Reallocating subsidy funds to other sectors could drive higher economic growth and employment. In Colombia, key opportunities exist in construction, water and sanitation, and agriculture. In Mexico, the electricity, construction, and manufacturing sectors are identified as high-potential recipients.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000029#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["fossil fuel subsidy","energy transition","just transition","greenhouse gas emissions","climate finance","renewable energy","fiscal policy","ecological justice"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["cost-benefit analysis","input-output analysis","case study","policy evaluation"]},{"id":"sei-002641","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002641","title":"Understanding Changes in UK CO2 emissions 1992-2004: A structural decomposition approach","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2009-12","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-ResearchReport-Minx-UnderstandingChangesInUKCO2Emissions-1992-2004-AStructuralDecompositionApproach-2009.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that while UK producer emissions remained relatively stable due to the 'dash for gas' and a transition to a service economy, consumer emissions increased significantly. This growth was primarily driven by rising final consumption levels, which outpaced technological efficiency gains. The analysis highlights that the UK's shift toward services shifted carbon-intensive production to other regions, particularly non-OECD countries, and that services are a major driver of indirect emissions through their global supply chains.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between 1992 and 2004, total sectoral producer CO2 emissions in the UK increased by 3.5 Mt CO2, but this was largely offset by cumulative reductions from fuel mix changes (42 Mt), fuel efficiency improvements (63 Mt), and production structure changes (60 Mt).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The primary driver of emission increases for both producer and consumer accounts was the growth in final consumption levels. For producer emissions, this caused cumulative growth of 203 Mt CO2, while for consumer emissions, it added 248 Mt globally.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'dash for gas' in the early 1990s, following the privatisation of the electricity sector, significantly reduced producer emissions by switching from coal and fuel oil to natural gas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The UK's transition toward a service-based economy reduced direct producer emissions, but this was largely a result of the international division of labour, shifting carbon-intensive production to other regions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"UK consumer emissions increased by 69 Mt CO2 between 1992 and 2004, with the most rapid growth occurring in emissions from production in non-OECD regions, which grew by 54 Mt.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"When indirect emissions from the global supply chain are included, the service sector becomes the largest individual contributor to changes in UK sectoral consumer CO2 emissions, adding 30 Mt since 1992.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the transport sector, direct CO2 emissions increased by 32 Mt between 1992 and 2004, driven by growing final demand and a specific increase in fuel intensity within the air transport industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Direct household CO2 emissions from housing increased by 2.4 Mt between 1992 and 2004, influenced by rising internal home temperatures (from 15.5° to 18.0°) and population growth, despite reductions from a shift toward gas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002641#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon dioxide emissions","carbon footprint","energy efficiency","international trade","Kyoto Protocol"],"geography_discussed":["OECD Europe","OECD non-Europe","World"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["structural decomposition analysis","input-output analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001410","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001410","title":"Identifying resource productivity for five key economic sectors in the South West region","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2008","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Future/identifying_resource_productivity_southwest_region.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study uses the Triple Bottom Line (BL3) software tool to analyze the environmental pressures of the Transport Equipment, Motor Vehicle, Hotels and Catering, Food and Drink, and Business Services sectors in South West England. It finds that for all five sectors, the largest source of CO2 emissions is associated with direct on-site operations. The Food and Drink sector has the highest overall emissions, while the Motor Vehicle sector is the most efficient per £ spent compared to UK averages. The report highlights that efficiency gains in industrial sectors could be outweighed by increased final demand for resources driven by regional growth and infrastructure projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Across all five analyzed sectors, the primary source of CO2 emissions is linked to direct on-site operations of services and manufacturing. For indirect emissions, most are produced by the sectors' direct suppliers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SW Food and Drink sector recorded the highest total CO2 emissions among the five sectors, followed by Business Services, Transport Equipment manufacture, Motor Vehicle production, and Hotels and Catering services.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"When measured by impact intensities per £ spent, the SW Motor Vehicle production sector was the most efficient relative to the UK average, while Business Services were the least efficient.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In terms of CO2 emitted per £m of Gross Value Added (GVA), the SW Motor Vehicle manufacture sector was the least efficient compared to the UK average, exceeding it by 185%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"For the SW Transport Equipment sector, 87% of on-site emissions are attributed to electricity use specifically for aerospace equipment manufacturing.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SW Hotels and Catering sector's ecological footprint is heavily influenced by the fishing industry, which accounts for approximately 60% of the total footprint, likely due to regional seafood preferences.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Methane and nitrous oxide emissions in the Hotels and Catering and Food and Drink sectors are almost entirely indirect, originating from agricultural livestock production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The SW Business Services sector's carbon footprint is primarily driven by on-site electricity consumption (71% of direct emissions), road transport, and electricity production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report warns that regional efficiency gains may be negated by projected population growth (800,000 people by 2026) and infrastructure projects like motorway extensions and Bristol airport expansion, which lack CO2 reduction targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001410#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon footprint","Resource productivity","greenhouse gas emissions","methane","nitrous oxide","energy efficiency","renewable energy","agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["United Kingdom"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["benchmarking","structural path analysis","input-output analysis"]},{"id":"sei-001502","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001502","title":"Our health, our environment: The Ecological Footprint of what we eat","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2007-05","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/our-health-our-environment-ecological-footprin.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The research demonstrates that transitioning from an average UK diet to one based on nutritional recommendations can reduce the Ecological Footprint by 22%. Further reductions are possible through vegetarianism, sourcing local food, and choosing organic produce, with a 'best diet' combining all four criteria achieving a 44% reduction. The study also highlights the high environmental burden of livestock production and the potential for school meal programs, such as Scotland's 'Hungry for Success', to provide both health and environmental benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Adopting a diet that follows nutritional recommendations reduces the food Ecological Footprint by 22% compared to the average UK diet, decreasing from 0.82 global hectares (gha) to 0.64 gha per person, despite the healthy diet involving higher total tonnes of food consumed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Meat consumption is the primary driver of the Ecological Footprint in the average UK diet, accounting for 46% of the impacts, largely due to the land required for fodder and energy used in the supply chain.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A healthy vegetarian diet can reduce the Ecological Footprint by 40% compared to a healthy low-meat diet that also meets nutritional standards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sourcing food locally within the UK rather than relying entirely on imports could reduce the per capita food Footprint by 57%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'best diet'—defined as one that is simultaneously healthy, vegetarian, local, and organic—can reduce the UK food Footprint by approximately 44% per capita.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Analysis of Scottish school menus shows that the 'Hungry for Success' (H4S) menu has a 42% lower Ecological Footprint than the pre-campaign menu, partly because it contains half the amount of animal products.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While UK-specific data is limited, a comprehensive study in Australia found that total energy intensity in conventional farming systems was 56% higher and greenhouse gas intensity was 211% higher than in organic farming.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001502#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["organic agriculture","greenhouse gas emissions","sustainable agriculture","public health","land use"],"geography_discussed":["Scotland","Australia","European Union","United States","Sweden"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["comparative analysis","life cycle assessment","input-output analysis"]},{"id":"transfor-000033","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/transfor-000033","title":"Especial energía Ante escenarios de salida de plantas térmicas en Colombia","publisher":{"name":"Transforma","organization":"transforma"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"es","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/260331-Analisis-Paipa-2.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The policy brief analyzes the vulnerability of Paipa's economy to the energy transition, noting that nearly one-third of its production and employment depends on coal. It uses an input-output model to demonstrate that the cessation of coal-fired power generation could contract the municipal economy by 78.6%. To counter this, the report recommends diversifying into tourism, traditional manufactures (such as Paipa cheese), and high-value agriculture (potatoes and blackberries), suggesting that a 2.3% annual growth increase in these sectors between 2026 and 2035 could offset the losses from the coal industry.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Paipa's economy is highly dependent on coal and coal-fired electricity, with nearly one-third of its production and employment linked directly or indirectly to these activities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The electric sector is the primary driver of Paipa's local economy due to its high backward linkages, largely because it demands nearly half of the coal mined within the municipality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A progressive reduction in coal mining could lead to a decline in Paipa's total production of between 7.5% and 12% by 2035, with a potential loss of up to 780 jobs in that sector.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The most critical economic risk is the cessation of coal-fired power generation, which would cause a contraction of approximately 78.6% of the municipal economy, equivalent to 1.2 trillion pesos.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Tourism, traditional manufactures, and agriculture are identified as the primary sectors for economic diversification. Specifically, tourism is a strong opportunity as Paipa is the most visited municipality in Boyacá (except for 2023).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Traditional food manufactures, specifically Paipa cheese (which has a protected designation of origin since 2011) and 'amasijos', act as key tourist attractions and have potential for national market expansion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The agricultural sector shows potential in potato and blackberry production, with approximately 6,000 hectares in Paipa optimal for 'diacol' potatoes used in industrial frying.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"If tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing sectors increase their annual growth by 2.3% above historical levels between 2026 and 2035, they could replace the total production and overcompensate for the jobs lost from coal and coal-fired power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"transfor-000033#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy transition","coal-fired power station","economic diversity","sustainable tourism","just transition"],"geography_discussed":["Boyacá Department","Colombia","Sogamoso","Duitama","Gámeza","Tunja","Villa de Leyva"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic impact assessment","input-output analysis","policy recommendation"]}]}