{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["household survey"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":12,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=household+survey","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-001993","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001993","title":"Exploring the potential of urban nature-based solutions to address infectious disease: a case study in Bharatpur, Nepal","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-02","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/urban-nbs-infectious-disease-bharatpur-nepal-sei2025-011.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"A case study in Bharatpur, Nepal, reveals that dengue and skin infections are significantly associated with proximity to garbage disposal sites, with skin infections further linked to reliance on surface water. While nature-based solutions (NBS) like green streets and rainwater harvesting show potential for reducing hazards by managing stormwater and improving hygiene, the report concludes that NBS cannot substitute for essential urban infrastructure such as piped water and municipal solid waste management.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A household survey in Bharatpur, Nepal, found that 18.4% of households were affected by dengue fever and 11.5% were affected by skin infections in the past five years.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Proximity to garbage disposal sites is statistically associated with the incidence of both dengue and skin infections, likely due to mosquito breeding in human-made containers and contamination from leachate.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Skin infections are strongly associated with a reliance on surface water as the primary household water source, a condition particularly prevalent in peri-urban Ward 29 where 68% of households lack adequate piped water.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Nature-based solutions (NBS) such as green streets (incorporating bioswales) and rainwater harvesting were identified as feasible interventions to reduce infectious disease hazards by filtering water, mitigating flooding, and improving hygiene.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report argues that NBS are not a replacement for basic urban services; effective public health outcomes require the prior establishment of municipal solid waste management and piped water supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate change is influencing disease patterns in Bharatpur, with 96% of survey respondents reporting hotter temperatures and the observation of mosquitoes during the winter season.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001993#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["nature-based solutions","vector-borne disease","urban heat island","rainwater harvesting","climate change","urbanization"],"geography_discussed":["Chitwan District","Asia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","household survey","statistical analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-000361","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000361","title":"How to Target LPG Subsidies in India: Step 2. Evaluating policy options in Jharkhand","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2021-05-20","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/target-lpg-subsidies-india-jharkhand","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Based on a survey of over 900 households in Jharkhand, the report finds that LPG subsidies are poorly targeted, with the poorest 40% of households receiving less than 30% of government support in 2018/19. The analysis indicates that poor households may receive two times less in subsidies than better-off consumers due to low consumption of subsidized cylinders among the poor and high consumption among the wealthy. While LPG subsidies per cylinder were effectively removed in May 2020, the report warns that the COVID-19 crisis has increased the need for affordable clean cooking support. The authors conclude there is no 'magic bullet' for improving distribution and suggest that policy-makers consider volumetric targeting to limit expenditure until the causes of low consumption among poor households are addressed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"LPG subsidies in Jharkhand are poorly targeted, with the poorest 40% of rural and urban households receiving less than 30% of government support during 2018/19, a period when LPG subsidies represented nearly 28% of India's total Central Government energy subsidies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Poor households in India may receive half as much in LPG support as wealthier consumers if current policy designs remain unchanged.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The primary obstacle to better subsidy distribution is the disparity in consumption: poor households continue to rely more on free wood and biomass-based fuels, while wealthier households consume more subsidized LPG and thus capture a larger share of the benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Since May 2020, subsidies per cylinder have been effectively removed, but the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased incomes and increased the vulnerability of poor households, necessitating careful consideration of any new targeting mechanisms when subsidies are reintroduced.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The research found no simple solution for improving subsidy distribution and suggests that volumetric targeting could be used to limit overall spending until the reasons for low consumption among the poor are understood and benefits for the wealthy are restricted.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000361#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["clean cooking","energy subsidy","energy access"],"geography_discussed":["India"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy evaluation","household survey"]},{"id":"wwfza-000192","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/wwfza-000192","title":"FOOD SECURITY FRAGILITY IN A MINING-DEPENDENT TOWN A SNAPSHOT OF POSTMASBURG IN THE NORTHERN CAPE","publisher":{"name":"WWF South Africa","organization":"wwf-south-africa"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-07","source_url":"https://wwfafrica.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/food_security_fragility_in_a_mining_dependent_town.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that Postmasburg experienced severe food insecurity exacerbated by the COVID-19 lockdown, with significant drops in formal and informal employment and a high dependency on social grants. It highlights that 60% of surveyed households were below the food poverty line even before the pandemic, and that food aid distribution was insufficient and plagued by a lack of transparency.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Postmasburg's population is disproportionately vulnerable to food insecurity due to a higher-than-average household size (4.4 persons after lockdown compared to the national 3.4) and a high dependency ratio of 73, compared to the national average of 52.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The COVID-19 lockdown caused a sharp decline in employment and income: formal employment fell by 20%, informal sector income generation plunged by 62%, and aggregate monthly household incomes decreased by 21%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food poverty was prevalent before the pandemic, with an estimated 60% of surveyed households falling below the 2020 StatsSA Food Poverty Line of R599.60 per person per month prior to lockdown.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is an increasing reliance on social grants, which rose from 15% of aggregate income before lockdown to 33% after temporary increases. However, the return of these grants to pre-lockdown levels is expected to worsen the aggregate household income fall from 21% to 36.4%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food aid has been insufficient and poorly managed; only 27.5% of surveyed households received a food parcel, and 76% of households lacked confidence in their ability to access parcels if needed due to perceived party-political bias and unclear criteria.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The suspension of the National School Nutrition Programme during lockdown increased pressure on household budgets, as 47.5% of surveyed households had children participating in the programme.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Home food production is nearly non-existent in Postmasburg, with only 5% of households growing food. Barriers include a lack of gardening culture, small yard sizes, high water costs, and a harsh, arid climate.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"wwfza-000192#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["food security","just transition","urban agriculture"],"geography_discussed":["Tsantsabane Local Municipality","South Africa","Mpumalanga"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","key informant interviews"]},{"id":"iisd-002175","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002175","title":"How to Pay the Bills?","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2016-11","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/survey-public-attitudes-electricity-tariff-reform-rajasthan.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report investigates the financial instability of electricity distribution companies (discoms) in Rajasthan, India, and uses survey data to analyze consumer attitudes toward tariff reform. It finds a widespread lack of awareness regarding the scale of electricity subsidies and strong opposition to price increases due to the high proportion of household budgets spent on power. However, it identifies potential for reform among urban populations and a minority willing to pay more for improved reliability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a significant lack of awareness among consumers regarding the existence and scale of electricity subsidies. Only about half of the surveyed households were aware that electricity prices are subsidized, and among those who were, knowledge of the actual scale was limited.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Higher electricity prices would cause significant welfare losses for households because electricity is a major budget item. Total energy expenditure (including electricity and cooking fuel) accounts for 32% of household spending, and 80% of respondents stated that even small price increases would force them to cut critical expenditures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A minority of households (30%) expressed a willingness to pay higher prices in exchange for more reliable and uninterrupted power supply. However, 80% of those willing to pay would only accept a maximum increase of 5%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Attitudes toward reform vary by geography and education. Urban areas, particularly Jaipur, show more openness to price increases and a better understanding of the rationale for reform compared to rural areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Poor power reliability significantly impacts productivity, with 65% of respondents reporting a high impact. This creates a tension where consumers suffer from outages but often lack confidence that higher tariffs will actually result in improved service.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report recommends that tariff reform be implemented gradually and paired with mitigation measures, such as direct benefit transfers (DBT) or energy-efficiency schemes like the UJALA LED program, to protect vulnerable households.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002175#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy efficiency","renewable energy","energy poverty","Grid modernization"],"geography_discussed":["India","Jaipur","Dausa district","Hanumangarh district","Jaisalmer district"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","political economy analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-002662","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002662","title":"Providing Clean Cooking Fuel in India: Challenges and solutions","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2016-04","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/clean-cooking-india-challenges-solutions_0.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the transition from biomass and kerosene to LPG in Ghaziabad, India. It finds that while there is high willingness to use clean fuel, poor households are deterred by high startup costs and documentation requirements, often resorting to a costly black market. The study highlights the regressive nature of current subsidies and the significant impact of female literacy and household income on fuel switching.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a significant gap between the availability of the components required for the Jandhan-Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM) trinity and the ability of households to actually access the scheme. While nearly 90 per cent of surveyed households in Ghaziabad have access to the three requirements, only 65 per cent have at least one member who possesses all three simultaneously in their name to qualify for benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Official subsidized LPG connections are limited, leading to a flourishing black market. Only 43 per cent of households have official connections, while 22 per cent use 14.2 kg cylinders and 33 per cent use small cylinders (2 to 5 kg) obtained through informal channels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The current LPG subsidy regime is regressive, as households with higher per capita income are more likely to have official connections than those with low income.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Households without official LPG connections face a 'poverty trap' where they use less energy but pay more for it. The average monthly expenditure for households without LPG is INR 657, compared to INR 393 for those with connections, despite the latter consuming more energy (341 MJ vs 292 MJ per month).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"High initial 'startup' costs and documentation requirements are the primary barriers preventing poor households from obtaining formal LPG connections. Distributors often force customers to buy expensive accessories, such as burners and regulators, as a precondition for the connection.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Female literacy and education are critical determinants for the adoption of cleaner fuels. A one-year increase in female education is associated with an increase in the relative log odds of using both mixed and modern fuels over traditional fuels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of biomass for cooking has severe health implications for women and children. Among women respondents using biomass, 97 per cent reported eye irritation, followed by respiratory problems and burns.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cooking with biomass and kerosene is significantly more time-consuming than using LPG. Per cooking session, biomass requires 22.20 minutes more cooking time and 7.46 minutes more cleaning time compared to LPG.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study estimates that an average family in the Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation requires approximately 137.67 kg of LPG per year, which equates to 9–10 cylinders of 14.2 kg each.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002662#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["clean cooking","biomass","energy access","energy transition","energy subsidy","household air pollution","poverty reduction"],"geography_discussed":["Delhi","Uttar Pradesh"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","household survey","econometric modelling"]},{"id":"sei-002705","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002705","title":"County energy planning in Kenya: Local participation and local solutions in Migori County","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2016-02","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-WP-2016-01-Kenya-county-energy-planning.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The study identifies a strong desire for citizen involvement in energy planning in Migori County, where energy use is dominated by biomass and kerosene. It proposes a participatory framework consisting of six key activities to move away from top-down planning and better meet local energy needs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The study identifies six key activity types that can enable effective citizen participation and overcome barriers in energy planning: stakeholder engagement and awareness creation, needs assessment, resource mapping, visioning and action planning, capacity-building, and implementation, monitoring and evaluation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Energy consumption in Migori County is dominated by four sources: charcoal, firewood, dry cell batteries, and kerosene. There is a significant divide between rural and urban areas; rural households rely heavily on kerosene (97%) and firewood (96%), while urban households have greater access to electricity (65%), candles (56%), and LPG (39%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Electricity access in rural Migori is severely limited, with only 2% of rural households connected. The primary barriers to connection are the absence of a power grid in the area and the high cost of the initial connection fee.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While ownership of improved cookstoves is high, their actual use as a primary cooking source is very low in rural areas. Approximately 89.6% of rural households still use an open three-stone fire as their main stove, with only 6.9% using an improved cookstove as their primary option.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Household energy expenditures are highest for charcoal, averaging KES 1,334 per month, followed by LPG at KES 869. Kerosene and firewood costs average KES 351 and KES 531 per month, respectively.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a high demand for citizen participation in energy planning, with 79% of surveyed households expressing a desire to be involved. This interest is more pronounced in rural households (84%) than in urban ones (58%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Citizens prefer direct communication, such as surveys, as their primary channel for engagement, followed by consultation with influential community members like ward administrators.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Focus group discussions revealed significant social and health challenges associated with current energy sources, including respiratory problems from biomass, and risks of rape, snake bites, and harassment for women collecting firewood.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mobile phone charging represents a significant energy service gap in rural areas; 90% of rural households own a phone, but only 10% can charge them at home, with most traveling an average of 1km to nearby towns or markets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002705#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy poverty","household air pollution","deforestation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","household survey","focus group discussions","literature review"]},{"id":"sei-002573","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002573","title":"Can county-level energy planning give a stronger voice to end-users? Insights from Migori County in Kenya","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2016","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-PB-2016-Kenya-county-energy-planning.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines how Kenya's devolution of energy planning to the county level can empower citizens, specifically focusing on Migori County. It highlights a significant gap between the desire for participation and current practice, while detailing the heavy reliance of rural households on biomass and kerosene. The brief argues that for county energy master plans to be effective, they must move beyond elite-controlled processes and leverage existing community groups, such as women's and youth organizations, to ensure the needs of marginalized populations are met.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The devolution of energy planning to the county level in Kenya creates an opportunity for end-users to influence decisions, provided there are concerted efforts to ensure participation is \"wide, deep and meaningful\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Migori County, energy consumption varies significantly between urban and rural areas. Rural households rely heavily on kerosene (97%), firewood (96%), dry cells (72%), and charcoal (67%), while urban households have higher access to electricity (65%), candles (56%), and LPG (39%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cooking practices in Migori County are dominated by traditional methods; 77.4% of sampled households use an open three-stone fire, and while many own improved cookstoves like the Kenya Ceramic Jiko, only 17.4% use them as their primary stove.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a high level of willingness among citizens to engage in energy planning, with 79% of surveyed households expressing interest, a figure that rises to 84% among rural households.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the willingness to participate, current engagement is low; only 23% of households had previously been involved in energy forums, and many community leaders reported that their opinions were not sought during planning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Existing community structures, such as women's and youth groups, offer cost-effective avenues for engagement. Women can focus on education and resource mobilization, while youth can provide manpower for project implementation and research.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"County energy administrators face significant operational hurdles, including understaffing, a lack of information, and poor cooperation among stakeholders, particularly within the unit supporting devolution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002573#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy efficiency","solar energy","energy access"],"geography_discussed":["Kuria East sub-county"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","policy analysis","household survey"]},{"id":"prio-001519","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001519","title":"De desplazados a víctimas","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"es","date_published":"2014","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/b15aa501-39de-48e7-96fc-061f2fd5fa76/Lemaitre et al 2014 De Desplazados a Victimas JUSTICIA GLOBAL 8.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes the shift in legal identity from 'displaced person' to 'victim' in Mocoa, Colombia. It details the formation of the Municipal Table of Organizations of Population Victims of Forced Displacement (mfopd) and its role in planning municipal attention. Through a collaborative survey of 481 households, the report highlights severe poverty, housing deficits, and insecurity among the displaced. It concludes that the transition to the Victims Law (Law 1448) has often dismantled collective organizational achievements in favor of individual family reparations, potentially discouraging grassroots social justice claims.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The transition from a humanitarian regime focused on 'socioeconomic stabilization' to a transitional justice regime under Law 1448 shifted the focus from poverty relief to responding to past injustices through 'truth, justice and reparation'.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Mocoa, displaced persons constitute a significant portion of the population; according to the Single Registry of Displaced Population (rupd), 23,244 people (5,576 households) arrived in Mocoa since 1998, representing more than half of the 2010 projected population of 38,564.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A collaborative survey of 481 households in Mocoa revealed extreme economic hardship: 92.1% of households live on less than one minimum monthly salary, and 78% report a worse standard of living than before their displacement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Housing conditions for the displaced in Mocoa are precarious, with 73.4% lacking their own home and 20.6% living in informal occupations or invasions; furthermore, 29.3% report living in high-risk zones, particularly those prone to river flooding.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong correlation between community organization and increased security risks; 31.2% of those belonging to an association live in households where a member was threatened after displacement, compared to 12.1% for non-associated individuals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The shift to the Victims Law is perceived locally as a 'dismantling' of organizational achievements, as the new emphasis on individual family reparations desincentivizes grassroots organizing for broader social justice.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Despite the legal framework, the implementation of the Single Integral Plan (piu) in Mocoa was criticized by indigenous and Afro-descendant leaders for lacking a proper prior consultation process.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001519#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Colombia","Cauca Department"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","household survey","legal analysis"]},{"id":"clipolin-000964","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000964","title":"Energetische Sanierung: Handlungsbedarf auf vielen Ebenen","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"de","date_published":"2011-08-24","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Zusammenfassung-im-DIW-Wochenbericht-Energetische-Sanierung.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the gap between Germany's current building renovation rates and its goal to reduce primary energy demand by 80% by 2050. Based on a survey of 2,000 households, it identifies barriers across three phases of the renovation process: initial awareness, planning and decision-making, and technical implementation. It argues that while financial incentives from the KfW and tax benefits are crucial, they must be coupled with better information tools, such as detailed heating bills, and improved professional certification for craftsmen to ensure high-quality, comprehensive renovations rather than isolated single measures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The German government aims to reduce the primary energy demand of buildings by 80% by 2050, with an interim goal of reducing heat demand by 20% by 2020. To achieve this, the annual rate of energy-efficient renovations must increase from approximately 0.8% to 2%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Comprehensive renovations are necessary because at a 2% annual renovation rate, each building will be reached only once by 2050. Currently, many renovations are limited to single measures that provide only minor improvements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Energy-efficient renovations are more cost-effective when integrated into general building modernizations. In such cases, energy-related costs drop to about one-third of total costs, aligning more closely with the actual energy cost savings.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Information instruments are critical for the first phase of the decision process. Detailed heating cost statements, similar to those used in the US and Canada, could lead to energy savings of 1% to 10% by influencing consumer behavior and investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Trust in information sources is a primary factor during the planning phase. Craftsmen are the most trusted source, with 56% of households expressing trust in them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial support from the Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) is considered important by half of the surveyed households for implementing comprehensive renovations. Progressive funding that favors comprehensive standards over single measures is essential, as countries that fund both equally see a prevalence of single-measure applications.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The quality of technical implementation depends on the training and certification of craftsmen. Current assessments suggest that existing education and further training for craftsmen regarding the implementation, coordination, and communication of comprehensive renovations are insufficient.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000964#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["energy efficiency","climate finance","tax incentive"],"geography_discussed":["Italy","Netherlands","United States","Canada"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy evaluation","household survey","comparative analysis"]},{"id":"sei-002615","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002615","title":"Household in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) -Ghana","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"1993","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-EnvironmentalProblemsAccraGhana-McGranahan-1993-lowres-scan.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the intersection of poverty, environmental degradation, and health in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA). It identifies critical deficiencies in water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and air quality, linking these to high prevalences of childhood diarrhoea and respiratory infections. The study highlights that while the wealthy have better access to amenities, the poor face severe risks from shared facilities, water vendors, and biomass cooking fuels. It concludes that integrated environmental strategies and poverty alleviation are essential for improving public health in the region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Water access in GAMA is highly stratified by wealth; while 35.2% of households have indoor piping, the poor rely heavily on water vendors, who charge significantly more than official tariffs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water supply irregularities lead to widespread household storage, which increases contamination risks; 95.7% of households in GAMA store water, often in barrels or buckets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sanitation facilities are severely overcrowded, with 40.5% of the population relying on communal facilities open to the whole neighbourhood, leading to open defecation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Solid waste management is inadequate, with the Waste Management Department capable of collecting only about 60% of the 900 tons of refuse generated daily.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Malarial mosquitoes are a major health hazard, and there is evidence that Anopheles mosquitoes are adapting to breed in urban household water containers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of chemical insect control is associated with respiratory problems: mosquito coils are linked to childhood acute respiratory infection, and pump-spray insecticides to symptoms in adult women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food contamination from vendors is a significant risk factor for childhood diarrhoea; the prevalence of the disease was roughly twice as high among households that patronised food vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Household air pollution from biomass fuels is a serious concern, with wood users facing the highest exposure to respirable particulates (mean 587 μg/m³), followed by charcoal users.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Acute respiratory infections in children are associated with factors such as the presence of children during cooking, leaky roofs, and the use of mosquito coils.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Residents place a high economic value on environmental improvements, with insect control and water availability being the most valued, though ability to pay is a major constraint for the poor.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Environmental management in GAMA is fragmented across at least eight government ministries, creating significant coordination challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002615#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water-supply management","sanitation","household air pollution","malaria","urbanization","public health","urban planning"],"geography_discussed":["Ghana"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","physical environmental testing","contingent valuation","logistic regression","institutional analysis"]},{"id":"cdkn-000883","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cdkn-000883","title":"catalystsofchange-projectreport-12bc452e10895e5f.pdf","publisher":{"name":"Climate and Development Knowledge Network","organization":"climate-and-development-knowledge-network"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/CatalystsofChange-ProjectReport.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report investigates how local multi-stakeholder platforms can catalyze the integration of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) in India. Focusing on the arid regions of Leh and Barmer, the project utilized household surveys, resource mapping, and the installation of an Automatic Weather Station to identify climate-induced risks and policy gaps. Key findings indicate that while local communities perceive clear trends in rising temperatures and erratic precipitation, government policies remain fragmented and compartmentalized. The project successfully implemented community-led initiatives, such as a radio program in Barmer and a climate school in Leh, to amplify local voices and provide scientific weather data for agricultural adaptation. The report concludes that the district level is the most optimal point for the convergence of DRR and CCA to drive upward policy transformation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Local communities in Leh and Barmer perceive a clear trend of rising temperatures and erratic precipitation, though they often lack a formal conceptual understanding of climate change as distinct from disaster events.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Government policies for climate change and disaster management in India are operationally divergent and institutionalized within separate ministries, leading to poor coordination and fragmented implementation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Leh, the project found that rapid and unplanned urbanization to support tourism increased the devastation of the 2010 floods by blocking local streams.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project established that the district level is the most effective administrative tier for integrating DRR and CCA because it is where government programs converge and is closest to the affected communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A household survey revealed a significant gap in resilience building, with 83% of respondents in Leh and 64% in Barmer stating that no appropriate government actions had been taken to help them with disasters.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project implemented a community radio program in Barmer, training adolescent girls from marginalized communities to broadcast information on climate change and local adaptation solutions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Leh, the installation of an Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and the creation of a climate school aimed to reduce dependence on traditional Buddhist calendars and encourage scientific weather data in farming to combat the trend of youth abandoning agriculture.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project identified 'invisible disasters,' such as the 2012-2013 snowstorms in Changthang that killed approximately 40,000 livestock, which often go underreported and unnoticed by official response mechanisms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cdkn-000883#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["disaster risk reduction","climate change adaptation","mainstreaming","flash flood","adaptive capacity","traditional knowledge","climate change vulnerability"],"geography_discussed":["Uttarakhand"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["case study","policy analysis","household survey"]},{"id":"sei-001824","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-001824","title":"Environmental Problems and the Urban Household in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) -Ghana","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-EnvironmentalProblemsAccraGhana-McGranahan-1993-FullTextOCR.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report investigates the intersection of poverty and environmental degradation in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), Ghana. It finds that low-income households suffer from severe deficiencies in water access, sanitation, and waste management, which correlate strongly with high prevalences of childhood diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections. The study highlights that while the city has some advanced infrastructure, extreme crowding and unreliable supply systems negate these advantages for the poor. It concludes that an integrated environmental-health strategy, leveraging both government action and local community organisations, is necessary to improve urban welfare.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Water access in GAMA is highly stratified by wealth; while 98% of wealthy households have indoor piping, only 26% of poor households do, with 33% of the poor relying on water vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In-home water contamination is widespread, with 87% of storage container samples showing positive counts of faecal coliform, compared to 10% of tap water samples.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sanitation facilities in GAMA are severely overcrowded, with 41% of the population relying on communal facilities and nearly two-thirds of those users reporting that toilets are sometimes unusable due to long queues or being out-of-order.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Open defecation is a significant public health risk in GAMA, particularly among children; 36% of households reported that neighbourhood children sometimes practise open defecation, with the highest rates in poor areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Solid waste management is inadequate, with the Waste Management Department capable of collecting only about 60% of the 900 tons of refuse generated daily.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Malarial mosquitoes are a persistent hazard, and there is evidence that Anopheles mosquitoes are adapting to breed in household water containers, which are common due to unreliable water supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The use of chemical pest control is associated with respiratory issues: mosquito coils are linked to higher childhood acute respiratory infection, and pump-spray insecticides are associated with respiratory symptoms in female homemakers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Food contamination from vendors is a significant risk factor for childhood diarrhoea; the prevalence of diarrhoea was roughly twice as high among households that regularly patronised food vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Household air pollution is driven by fuel choice, with wood and charcoal users facing the highest exposure to respirable particulates and carbon monoxide.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A multivariate analysis identifies eight key environmental risk factors significantly associated with higher childhood diarrhoea prevalence, including sharing toilets with more than five households, using pots for water storage, and buying prepared food from vendors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Childhood acute respiratory infection (ARI) is significantly associated with factors such as children being present during cooking, overcrowding (less than 4 square meters per person in the sleeping room), and leaky roofs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Households place the highest monetary value on insect control and water availability, reflecting the high health burden of malaria and diarrhoea.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-12","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Environmental management in GAMA involves a fragmented institutional structure with at least eight government ministries involved, leading to coordination challenges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-13","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Local non-governmental organisations, such as the Nima 441 Welfare Association and La Mansaamo Kpee, have successfully implemented community-led sanitation and water projects.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-001824#insight-14","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["water-supply management","sanitation","malaria","household air pollution","environmental health"],"geography_discussed":["Ghana"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["household survey","physical environmental testing","logistic regression","contingent valuation","institutional analysis"]}]}