{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["finance tracking"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'finance tracking' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":8,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=finance+tracking","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"clipolin-001203","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-001203","title":"Sustainable Finance Flows to India’s Agriculture Sector","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-01","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Methodology-Sustainable-Agriculture-in-India.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report establishes a comprehensive framework for tracking sustainable agriculture finance in India, adopting a value-chain approach that covers upstream, farming, and downstream activities. It defines the criteria for 'sustainable agriculture' based on food security, emission reduction, and climate resilience, and details the data sources used—including government budgets, OECD databases, and private equity trackers—to identify public and private disbursements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The study employs a value-chain approach to define sustainable agriculture, categorizing activities into upstream (input provision and resource management), farming/agriculture, and downstream (post-harvest management and market linkages).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Sustainable agriculture is identified based on three primary objectives: food security, emission reduction, and climate resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The methodology distinguishes between public and private finance sources; public sources include the Indian exchequer (Union and State Government), Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), and Development Finance Institutions (DFIs), while private sources include corporate actors, project developers, households, and financial institutions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The analysis tracks actual disbursements rather than commitments for the financial years 2020-21 and 2021-22, utilizing a variety of instruments including government budgetary expenditure, subsidies, grants, and both low-cost and market-term loans.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To prevent double counting in public finance, the study excludes central share/assistance in state budgets and nets out subsidies mentioned in PSU annual financial statements from union budget entries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The study excludes several specific sectors and activities from its scope, including food processing, marine fisheries, disaster relief, and livelihood support programs such as MGNREGA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001203#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable agriculture","climate finance","greenhouse gas emissions","climate resilience","food security","organic agriculture","agroforestry","ethanol fuel","waste management","renewable energy"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["methodology","finance tracking"]},{"id":"clipolin-000112","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000112","title":"California Landscape of Climate Finance","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2024-01-29","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/california-landscape-of-climate-finance/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"CPI estimates that California requires an annual average of USD 62 billion from 2023 to 2035 to meet its climate goals, with zero-emission vehicles accounting for half of this need. While climate finance spending grew by 26% annually between 2019 and 2022, reaching USD 39 billion in 2022, a gap remains. The report notes that finance is distributed relatively evenly per capita by county and is not currently prioritized for areas with higher pollution metrics.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000112#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"California requires an annual average investment of USD 62 billion between 2023 and 2035 to achieve its climate goals, with zero-emission vehicles representing 50% of these needs. After 2035, the annual average need increases to USD 79 billion, driven primarily by the higher uptake of zero-emission vehicles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000112#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In 2022, CPI tracked USD 39 billion in climate finance spending, which covers 63% of the state's annual needs for the 2023-2035 period. Between 2019 and 2022, climate finance grew at an annual rate of 26%, with the majority of this growth originating from the private sector.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000112#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Transport is the primary destination sector for both public and private climate finance. While spending is distributed relatively evenly per capita across counties, it is not channeled at higher rates to areas with worse historical and current pollution metrics, as measured by CalEnviroScreen scores.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000112#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To close the investment gap, the report suggests prioritizing public funds for bottleneck technologies, such as renewable energy transmission (USD 1.1 billion per year) and electric vehicle charging (USD 44 million per year through 2035).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000112#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","zero-emissions vehicle","emission trading","public transport","decarbonization","environmental justice"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["needs assessment","finance tracking"]},{"id":"newclim-000056","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/newclim-000056","title":"Development finance in the land sector: tracking progress towards Paris","publisher":{"name":"NewClimate Institute","organization":"newclimate-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-12-06","source_url":"http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/development-finance-in-the-land-sector-tracking-progress-towards-paris","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that current DFI and MDB frameworks for the land sector are insufficient for Paris alignment, often prioritizing economic development and efficiency over transformative climate action. Analysis of finance in Argentina, Egypt, and Viet Nam reveals that over half of DFI funding since 2015 lacked adequate climate risk safeguards, with significant risks linked to deforestation and GHG-intensive commodities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000056#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Current joint frameworks used by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) for Paris alignment are considered inadequate for the land sector because they rely too heavily on national policies (NDCs and LTS) which are themselves insufficient to meet Paris objectives.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000056#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"DFI land sector strategies prioritize economic development and market growth over transformative climate action, focusing on efficiency gains rather than a clear vision of a Paris-aligned sector.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000056#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Analysis of DFI finance in Argentina, Egypt, and Viet Nam since 2015 indicates that more than 50% of provided finance lacked sufficient safeguards to manage climate risks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000056#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"High-risk DFI private sector lending is primarily driven by a lack of value chain transparency, specifically in projects increasing the production of commodities that drive deforestation or providing working capital to companies involved in cattle, dairy, and first-generation biofuels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000056#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Paris Agreement","deforestation","agriculture","food system"],"geography_discussed":["Argentina","Egypt","Vietnam"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","finance tracking"]},{"id":"clipolin-001217","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-001217","title":"PARIS ALIGNMENT OF POWER SECTOR FINANCE FLOWS IN INDONESIA","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2022-03","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Paris-Alignment-of-Power-Sector-Finance-Flows-in-Indonesia.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document analyzes power sector financing in Indonesia from 2015 to 2020, revealing a significant investment gap in renewables and a continued reliance on fossil fuels. While international finance for coal dropped sharply after 2018, domestic finance remains heavily skewed toward fossil fuels. To meet the 2060 Net Zero target, Indonesia requires USD 16.1 billion in annual renewable energy investment, far exceeding the tracked average of USD 2.7 billion. The report highlights solar energy as having the largest investment gap and suggests leveraging blended finance, green sukuks, and the Energy Transition Mechanism to accelerate the transition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between 2015 and 2020, total tracked power sector finance commitments averaged USD 5.3 billion per annum, with fossil fuel-based projects accounting for 46 percent of these commitments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Coal-fired projects dominated fossil fuel finance, receiving 84 percent of total fossil fuel-based commitments between 2015 and 2020, with annual financing averaging USD 2.5 billion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"International sources provided approximately 65 percent of total tracked finance to the electricity sector from 2015 to 2020, though international finance for fossil fuels (primarily coal) fell by 68 percent between 2018 and 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a substantial annual underinvestment in renewable energy of USD 13.4 billion to meet the MEMR's NZE 2060 Scenario, as required annual investment is USD 16.1 billion while tracked investment averaged only USD 2.7 billion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Solar power exhibits the widest investment gap, requiring an additional USD 4.6 billion annually to achieve 2060 targets, as current annual investment is only USD 0.04 billion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Indonesia faces an annual overinvestment in fossil fuels of USD 0.2 billion, with current trends projecting USD 4.3 billion in annual investment against a required USD 4.1 billion to meet 2060 targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Energy Transition Mechanism (ETM), announced by the Asian Development Bank at COP26, aims to retire 5.5 GW of coal-fired power plants in Indonesia by 2040, requiring an estimated USD 25-30 billion in funding.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Innovative financing tools like the SDG Indonesia One platform and Green Sukuk have successfully mobilized capital; Green Sukuk issuances have raised a total of USD 3.2 billion, contributing to 7.35 GW of renewable energy capacity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001217#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["renewable energy","Coal phase-out","solar energy","geothermal energy","hydropower","wind power","bioenergy","Net-zero emissions","Paris Agreement","climate finance","Blended Finance","climate bond","stranded asset","electric vehicle","smart grid","carbon price"],"geography_discussed":["Philippines","Pakistan","Vietnam"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["finance tracking","gap analysis","policy assessment"]},{"id":"clipolin-000056","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000056","title":"Assessing Jakarta's Climate Investments","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"case study","language":"en","date_published":"2021-11-10","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/assessing-jakartas-climate-investments/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative tracks public and private urban climate investment flows in Jakarta between 2015 and 2019, identifying a heavy reliance on public funding and a significant underutilization of private finance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Between 2015 and 2019, Jakarta's tracked urban climate finance commitments totaled USD 44.9 billion (IDR 652.4 trillion) across 37 projects. The vast majority of these commitments were directed toward infrastructure, with the now-discontinued Giant Sea Wall adaptation project representing 83% of the total.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Public finance was the primary source of urban climate funding from 2015 to 2019, with the central government providing 57% of the funding for infrastructure capital expenditure. While adaptation projects typically used equity finance, mitigation projects—specifically sustainable transportation—were primarily funded via debt finance totaling USD 2.7 billion (IDR 39.2 trillion).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Private finance is significantly underutilized in Jakarta, accounting for only 2% of total climate finance (USD 925 million or IDR 13.4 billion) between 2015 and 2019, with 89% of that amount utilizing balance sheet debt. The city did not access any loans from financial institutions during 2017–2018, indicating a failure to leverage its fiscal capacity through innovative financing or Public-Private Partnerships (PPP).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Jakarta faces severe climate risks, including being described as the \"world’s fastest sinking city\" due to groundwater exploitation, poor city planning, and climate-driven sea level rise and rainfall intensity. To combat this, the city has committed to reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions by 30% by 2030 from a business-as-usual level of 35 MT CO2e.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Despite strong fiscal capacity, Jakarta's municipal budget allocated only 8.6% to environment-related spending in 2017 and 2018. The report recommends aligning climate priorities with the national government and satellite cities, implementing climate budget tagging, and scaling up catalytic financing to prepare for a potential future reduction in central government funding if Jakarta loses its capital city status.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000056#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["urban climate finance","adaptation","mitigation","public-private partnerships","sea level rise","greenhouse gas emissions"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Finance Tracking","Policy Analysis"]},{"id":"gem-000225","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000225","title":"2021 Asia’s Gas Lock-In","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_AsiaGas2021_FINAL_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes plans for US$379 billion in new gas infrastructure across Asia, including 320 GW of power plants and 452 mtpa of LNG import capacity. It argues that this expansion would consume a quarter of the global carbon budget for a 1.5°C limit and warns that these assets may become economically unviable due to the falling cost of renewables and LNG price volatility. The author calls for a redirection of public finance away from gas to align with net-zero goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Asia has plans to develop US$379 billion in new gas infrastructure, comprising US$189 billion for gas-fired power plants, US$54 billion for pipelines, and US$136 billion for LNG import and export terminals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed 320 GW of new gas-fired power plants in Asia would nearly double the region's gas power capacity and increase global gas-fired power capacity by one-fifth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia is the primary driver of global LNG expansion, with plans for 452 mtpa of new import terminal capacity, representing 70% of the global capacity currently in development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"If operated at full capacity, the proposed gas pipelines and LNG terminals in Asia could produce 117 gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent over their lifespans, which is 25% of the carbon budget required to maintain a 50% chance of limiting warming to 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"New gas infrastructure faces significant economic risks of becoming stranded assets due to the rapid decline in renewable energy costs and the volatility of global LNG spot prices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public finance institutions provided US$22.4 billion for gas projects in Asia between 2014 and 2018, with the Export-Import Bank of China, Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and Asian Development Bank being the top financiers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["gas-fired power station","liquefied natural gas","stranded asset","carbon budget","methane emissions","renewable energy","photovoltaics","wind power","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","energy transition","energy security"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Vietnam","India","Indonesia","Thailand","Japan","South Korea","United States","Bangladesh","Pakistan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling","finance tracking"]},{"id":"clipolin-000140","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000140","title":"The Landscape of Climate Finance in Kenya","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-03-26","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/the-landscape-of-climate-finance-in-kenya/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report 'The Landscape of Climate Finance in Kenya' analyzes climate finance flows in Kenya for 2018, comparing them against the financial requirements of the country's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). It finds a significant funding gap, with tracked finance meeting only one third of the annual need, and a misalignment between the high proportion of mitigation funding (primarily in renewable energy) and the country's adaptation-focused needs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Kenya's estimated cost for implementing mitigation and adaptation actions for 2020-2030 is KES 6,775 billion (USD 65 billion). This follows previous estimates of KES 4,040 billion (USD 40 billion) in 2015 and KES 1,848 billion (USD 18.3 billion) for the 2018-2022 period.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"In 2018, KES 243.3 billion (USD 2.4 billion) flowed to climate-related investments, which represents approximately one third of the annual financing required to meet NDC targets. Public investment accounted for KES 144.3 billion (59.4%), while private sector investment totaled KES 98.9 billion (40.7%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"There is a significant misalignment between climate finance allocation and Kenya's adaptation-focused NDC. Over 79% of finance was directed toward mitigation—specifically renewable energy—while only 11.7% went to adaptation. The water and blue economy sector is identified as having the largest financing gap.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"International public climate finance is heavily skewed toward debt and mitigation, with 79% delivered as debt and 55% channeled toward mitigation. The report notes that international partners must sustain at least 87% of costs by 2030 to meet NDC requirements, a level not achieved in 2018.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Climate-related disasters, including floods and droughts, create an annual economic liability of 2-2.8% of Kenya's GDP due to the economy's dependence on climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, water, energy, tourism, wildlife, and health.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000140#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","nationally determined contributions (ndc)","adaptation","mitigation","renewable energy","green growth"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["Finance Tracking","Policy Analysis"]},{"id":"clipolin-000101","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-000101","title":"Taking stock of international contributions to low carbon climate resilient land use in Indonesia","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2016-02-02","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/taking-stock-of-international-contributions-to-low-carbon-climate-resilient-land-use-in-indonesia/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This research paper evaluates the role and effectiveness of international development partners in financing climate mitigation and adaptation within Indonesia's land use sectors. It analyzes finance flows from 2011, identifying a heavy reliance on grants and a focus on capacity building, while noting that international contributions are significantly smaller than domestic funding.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"International climate finance for Indonesia's land use sector is small compared to domestic spending. In 2011, the agriculture and forestry sectors received USD 486 million in total finance, of which only 12% (USD 57 million) came from international development partners, while the Indonesian government provided the remaining USD 429 million.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"International funding is highly concentrated among a few bilateral partners and is primarily delivered through external entities rather than local ones. Ten bilateral partners, including Norway and USAID, provided approximately 88% of the international finance for land use in 2011. Furthermore, about 85% of this finance was channeled through managing contractors, international NGOs, UN organizations, and other international groups, which the authors suggest may limit the development impact on local government and target groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"International support has focused heavily on 'indirect' activities to improve the enabling environment, which aligns with Indonesia's systemic weaknesses. In 2011, 48% of disbursements were for indirect activities such as policy advice, research, and institutional development (e.g., MRV systems and timber legality), while only 13% went to 'direct' implementation like ecosystem rehabilitation. The document identifies persisting weaknesses in Indonesia's enabling environment, including corruption, lack of political support, and conflicts over land rights.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"International land use climate finance in Indonesia consists almost entirely of grants, with the exception of concessional loans from the International Fund for Agricultural Development. The authors suggest that these loan projects could offer a model for leveraging private sector investment in sustainable agriculture value chains, such as oil palm.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Several systemic challenges hinder the effectiveness of international cooperation, including a mismatch between short-term project cycles and long-term land use objectives, as well as fragmented reporting and slow approval processes. The authors recommend that development partners delink funding from the short-term political cycles of donor governments and coordinate more systematically with the Indonesian government to create a cross-ministerial vision for land use.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-000101#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["land use","forestry","peatland","agriculture","climate finance","mitigation","adaptation"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["sectoral analysis","finance tracking"]}]}