{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["evidence synthesis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'evidence synthesis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":9,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=evidence+synthesis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-002164","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002164","title":"Air pollution and the world of work","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022-10","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/asia-air-pollution-work-sei2022.040.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the intersection of air pollution and labor markets in East and Southeast Asia, highlighting a significant gap in research and policy regarding informal workers. It finds that while formal sectors are regulated, informal workers—including street vendors and agricultural laborers—face high exposure with minimal social protection. Health burdens are highest in China and Mongolia for ambient pollution, and in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar for household pollution. The report argues that current solutions are overly technocentric and fail to address the social inequalities and structural vulnerabilities that determine exposure levels.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In 2019, occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM), gases, and fumes caused over 200,000 premature deaths in East and Southeast Asia, with the majority occurring in China.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Mongolia experienced the highest annual average air pollution in both 2019 and 2020, while China had the highest average PM2.5 population-weighted exposure in 2019.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The health burden from household air pollution is most severe in low-income countries, specifically Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Research on air pollution and employment is heavily biased toward the formal labor force, leaving the informal sector—particularly in urban settings—largely underexamined.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gendered research on air pollution often relies on stereotypes, focusing on women's roles as domestic caregivers and the impacts of cookstoves, while overlooking men's exposure in traffic-facing or industrial roles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Workplace hierarchies based on gender, social class, and seniority result in unequal exposure, as higher-status workers often shift the most polluted tasks to those at the bottom of the hierarchy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Occupational air pollution causes a range of severe health issues, including carcinogenic risks from volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and toxic metal fumes, and lung function decline in sectors such as printing and transport.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"No country in the reviewed region has set annual mean PM2.5 standards that meet the 2021 WHO guideline of 5 μg/m³, although Singapore is the closest at 12 μg/m³.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Labor and social security policies generally target waged and industrial workers, effectively excluding informal, self-employed, and domestic workers from health and safety protections.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Urban public space policies treat informal workers, such as street vendors, as obstacles to traffic flow to be relocated rather than as a vulnerable group exposed to air pollution.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Non-governmental initiatives to combat air pollution are predominantly technocentric, focusing on emissions monitoring and technology deployment while ignoring structural vulnerabilities and workers' access to healthcare.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002164#insight-11","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["air pollution","particulates","gender equality","social protection","just transition","low-carbon economy","household air pollution","urban transport","green job"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Mongolia","Cambodia","Laos","Indonesia","Thailand","Vietnam","Singapore","South Korea","Malaysia","Philippines","Taiwan","Brunei","Hong Kong","Macau","Timor-Leste"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["scoping review","evidence synthesis","policy review","data analysis"]},{"id":"sei-000841","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000841","title":"Residential energy efficiency interventions","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2021-11-30","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/residential-energy-efficiency-interventions/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The paper synthesises evidence on residential energy efficiency interventions (REEIs) to estimate their overall impact on energy consumption and emissions, while examining causes of variation and cost-effectiveness.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000841#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), residential energy use accounts for 17% of emissions and 22% of the overall global final energy use.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000841#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Residential energy efficiency interventions (REEIs) are recognised for their potential to reduce energy use and CO2 emissions, as well as provide macroeconomic, microeconomic, and health and well-being benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000841#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is currently no conclusive evidence regarding the specific effects of REEIs on global emissions and energy consumption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000841#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon dioxide emissions","energy policy"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["evidence synthesis","cost-effectiveness analysis"]},{"id":"sei-000660","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000660","title":"Mitigating climate change: food consumption and food waste behavioral interventions","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-10-16","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/mitigating-climate-change-food-consumption-food-waste-behavioral-interventions/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The paper catalogues 49 articles (containing 56 studies) and 18 literature reviews to identify research clusters and gaps in demand-side climate policies. It finds a concentration of research in the Anglo-Saxon world, a focus on animal protein and its substitutes, and a surge in publications since 2016. The authors identify specific behavioral intervention clusters—such as priming, defaults, and social norms—that are ready for systematic review, while noting a relative lack of research on food waste compared to consumption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000660#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The systematic map identified 49 articles containing 56 separate studies and 18 literature reviews, noting a significant rise in publications starting in 2016 and a prevalence of studies conducted in canteens and restaurants.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000660#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Research on these interventions is geographically concentrated in the Anglo-Saxon world and focuses more heavily on actual food consumption—specifically animal protein (meat, fish, dairy, and eggs) and substitutes—than on food waste behaviour.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000660#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors identified six specific knowledge clusters of interventions that have sufficient existing studies to allow for a systematic review of their effectiveness: priming, disclosure, defaults, social norms, micro-environment changes, and ease of use.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000660#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["food waste","climate change mitigation"],"geography_discussed":["Anglo-Saxon world"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic map","evidence synthesis"]},{"id":"iisd-002637","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002637","title":"Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ceres2030-nature-portfolio-.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ceres2030 project identifies a funding gap of USD 33 billion per year to achieve SDG 2 targets, with USD 14 billion coming from donors and USD 19 billion from recipient countries. The report emphasizes that most existing agricultural research ignores the needs of smallholders, who represent over 80% of the world's farms. Key recommendations include investing in extension services, climate-resilient crops, social protection, and supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the value chain. The project utilizes a complex general equilibrium model and machine-learning-assisted evidence synthesis to identify a portfolio of 14 policy instruments across three categories: empowering the excluded, on-farm interventions, and food on the move.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To end hunger and double the incomes of small-scale producers in low- and middle-income countries by 2030, an additional USD 33 billion per year is needed, consisting of USD 14 billion from donors and USD 19 billion from the countries themselves through increased taxation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The current body of agricultural research is largely irrelevant to smallholder farmers; more than 95% of assessed studies were not relevant to the needs of smallholders and their families, and less than 2% of the available evidence base is pertinent to the questions donors typically investigate, such as intervention costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small-scale producers represent over 80% of the world's farms, and those with less than 2 hectares produce between 30% and 34% of the global food supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The adoption of climate-resilient crops is most strongly determined by the availability and effectiveness of extension services, followed by the education level of the household head and access to inputs like seeds and fertilizers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Membership in farmers' organizations is associated with positive income effects in 57% of reviewed cases, primarily by strengthening producers' market power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the value chain, particularly in Africa, are correlated with higher technology adoption and productivity among small-scale producers by providing complementary services such as credit, training, and market links.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Post-harvest loss reduction is dominated by storage technology research, with 83% of studies focusing on this area, while there is a critical lack of evidence on training, finance, policy, and infrastructure interventions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social protection programs are most effective when they create a bridge to productive employment and remove barriers to accessing markets, education, and credit.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In water-scarce regions of low- and middle-income countries, less than 37.2% of small-scale farms are irrigated, compared to 43.2% of non-small-scale farms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project's economic model indicates that the additional public spending of USD 33 billion per year will prevent 490 million people from experiencing hunger and double the incomes of 545 million producers and their families on average.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable agriculture","climate finance","greenhouse gas emissions","water scarcity","agroforestry","smallholder","social protection","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","South Asia","India","Ethiopia","Kenya","Uganda","Ghana","Tanzania","Burkina Faso"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","evidence synthesis","scoping review","systematic review","machine learning"]},{"id":"iisd-002638","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002638","title":"Ceres2030: Nachhaltige Lösungen zur Beendigung des Hungers","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"de","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ceres2030_de-summary-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ceres2030 report argues that ending global hunger is possible through an integrated combination of public investments totaling 33 billion USD per year. The project identifies ten key recommendations across three categories: enabling inclusion, on-farm improvements, and post-harvest management. It emphasizes that smallholders are critical to global food security but are often excluded from economic growth and technological advancement. The report highlights a significant funding gap, noting that donor contributions must nearly double to 26 billion USD annually, supplemented by 19 billion USD in domestic spending from recipient countries, with Africa identified as the region with the highest need.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To end hunger and double smallholder incomes by 2030 while adhering to Paris Agreement greenhouse gas emission targets, an additional 33 billion USD in annual public spending is required. This is split between an average of 14 billion USD from donors and 19 billion USD from low- and middle-income countries via increased tax revenue.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project identifies ten key recommendations for action. In the 'Enabling Inclusion' category, it recommends facilitating membership in farmers' associations, investing in integrated vocational education for rural youth, and expanding social safety nets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"On-farm recommendations focus on making sustainable practices economically viable, investing in extension services (especially for women) linked to R&D, supporting the adoption of climate-resilient crops, increasing research on water-scarce areas, and improving livestock feed quality.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Post-harvest recommendations include reducing losses by expanding measures beyond grain storage to include other crops and value chain segments, and investing in infrastructure and technical support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Africa is the region with the greatest need for additional funding, as it is expected that over half of the world's undernourished population will be concentrated on the continent by 2030. Two-thirds of the additional public spending are required in Africa.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report finds that agricultural measures are most effective when they are integrated combinations rather than isolated improvements, and when they target complex goals such as marketability rather than just resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a critical lack of high-quality, relevant evidence for policymakers; less than 2% of the analyzed evidence base directly addressed the specific questions typically investigated by donors, such as the cost of a measure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender-disaggregated data in agriculture and rural development remains sparse. Only about 10% of the analyzed articles considered gender differences in the outcomes of measures, and only 12% of studies on SMEs addressed the gender issue.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002638#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","sustainable agriculture","water scarcity","agroforestry","climate finance","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","South Asia","Germany","Rwanda","United States","Indonesia","India"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","evidence synthesis","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"iisd-002639","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002639","title":"Ceres2030: Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ceres2030_en-summary-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ceres2030 report argues that ending global hunger is possible through an integrated portfolio of agricultural interventions and an additional annual public investment of USD 33 billion. Using AI-driven evidence synthesis and complex economic modelling, the study identifies ten key recommendations across three categories: empowering the excluded, on-farm improvements, and value chain logistics. The report emphasizes that small-scale producers, who provide a significant portion of the global food supply, are disproportionately vulnerable to the climate crisis and economic exclusion. It concludes that donor countries must double their current annual spending on food security to USD 26 billion, while low- and middle-income countries must provide an additional USD 19 billion per year, with a particular focus on Africa, where the greatest need for resources exists.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To end hunger and double the incomes of small-scale producers in low- and middle-income countries by 2030 while meeting Paris Agreement emissions targets, an additional USD 33 billion in public spending is needed annually. This consists of an average of USD 14 billion from donors and USD 19 billion from low- and middle-income countries through increased taxation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The funding gap is most acute in Africa, which requires two-thirds of the additional public spending to achieve the targets, as more than half of the global undernourished population is expected to be concentrated there by 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Membership in farmers organizations is a key driver of income growth; in a review of 24 countries, primarily in Africa and India, such membership was associated with positive income effects in 57% of cases, primarily by strengthening producers market power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The adoption of climate-resilient crops is most successful when supported by inclusive extension services, access to inputs, and the commercial viability of the crop varieties.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the value chain, particularly in Africa, are correlated with higher technology adoption and productivity because they provide integrated 'wraparound' services such as credit, training, and market links.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Post-harvest losses for cereals and pulses can be kept below 2% to 5% through the use of airtight containers, hermetic bags, and improved handling practices like proper drying and sorting.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agricultural interventions are most effective when they target a population that already meets a minimum threshold of income, education, and access to infrastructure and networks.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a critical lack of high-quality, cost-specific research for policy-makers; less than 2% of the available evidence base is pertinent to the specific questions donors typically investigate, such as the cost of an intervention.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender-disaggregated data in agriculture is severely lacking, with only about 10% of reviewed papers considering gender differences in outcomes, despite the fact that two-thirds of livestock keepers in low- and middle-income countries are female.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002639#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","climate finance","sustainable agriculture","Post-harvest losses","agroforestry","water scarcity","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","South Asia","India"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","evidence synthesis","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"iisd-002640","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002640","title":"Ceres2030: Soluciones sostenibles para poner fin al hambre","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"es","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ceres2030_es_launch-summary-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Ceres2030 identifies a funding gap of 33 billion USD per year to eradicate hunger and double the incomes of 545 million small-scale producers by 2030. The project emphasizes integrated policy portfolios over isolated interventions, highlighting the role of farmers' organizations, climate-resilient crops, and SMEs in the value chain. It specifically notes that Africa requires two-thirds of the additional public spending to meet these goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To end hunger and double small-scale producer incomes by 2030 while adhering to Paris Agreement emissions targets, an additional 33 billion USD is needed annually. This is split between 14 billion USD from donors and 19 billion USD from low- and middle-income countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed public investment is estimated to prevent 490 million people from going hungry and double the average income of 545 million producers and their families, while stimulating 52 billion USD in annual private investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Africa is the region with the highest need for additional resources, requiring two-thirds of the total additional public spending to achieve the 2030 goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Membership in farmers' organizations is strongly linked to increased income, with positive effects observed in 57% of reviewed cases across 24 countries, primarily in Africa and India.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The adoption of climate-resilient crops is most effectively driven by the availability and quality of extension services, as well as the commercial viability of the crops.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are critical for technological adoption and productivity, particularly in Africa, by providing integrated services such as credit, training, and market links.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Post-harvest losses can be significantly reduced through targeted interventions: airtight containers keep losses below 2% for maize, rice, and sorghum, while improved handling and cold storage reduce losses for fruits and vegetables.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a critical lack of high-quality, gender-disaggregated data in agriculture; only about 10% of the reviewed documentation considered gender differences in intervention outcomes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant evidence gap exists for policymakers, with less than 2% of available research being directly relevant to the specific questions donors typically ask, such as the exact cost of an intervention.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002640#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","sustainable agriculture","water scarcity","agroforestry","climate finance","Paris Agreement","biodiversity loss"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","India","South Asia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","evidence synthesis","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"iisd-002642","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002642","title":"Ceres2030: 消除饥饿的可持 续解决方案 摘要报告","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"zh","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/ceres2030_zh_launch-summary-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ceres2030 project uses AI-driven evidence reviews and complex economic modeling to determine that an additional $33 billion in annual public spending—$14 billion from donors and $19 billion from low- and middle-income countries—is required to end hunger and double smallholder incomes by 2030 while adhering to Paris Agreement emissions targets. The report identifies ten key recommendations across three categories: empowering the excluded (e.g., farmer organizations, youth training, social protection), farm-level interventions (e.g., climate-resilient crops, extension services, livestock feed), and food flow improvements (e.g., reducing post-harvest losses, supporting SMEs). It emphasizes that integrated bundles of interventions are more effective than isolated solutions and highlights a critical lack of high-quality, gender-disaggregated, and cost-specific evidence in current agricultural research.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002642#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The report identifies ten key recommendations divided into three areas: empowering the excluded (farmer organizations, youth vocational training, and social protection), farm-related interventions (sustainable practices, climate-resilient crops, water-scarce region research, and livestock feed), and food flow (reducing post-harvest losses and supporting SMEs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002642#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integrated bundles of interventions are significantly more effective than isolated solutions. For example, the adoption of climate-resilient crops is most successful when combined with comprehensive extension services, access to production inputs, and commercial viability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002642#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Farmer organizations have a positive impact on the income of 57% of their members in reviewed cases, as well as positive effects on crop yield (19%), quality (20%), and the environment (24%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002642#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in connecting small-scale producers to markets, particularly in Africa, and are linked to increased technology adoption and productivity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002642#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable agriculture","Paris Agreement","food security","climate finance","Post-harvest losses","agroforestry","water scarcity"],"geography_discussed":["South Asia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modeling","evidence synthesis","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"sei-002802","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002802","title":"Systematic map report, database and interactive GIS","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2018-10-31","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/systematic-map-report-database-and-interactive-gis.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document provides a comprehensive mapping of ecotechnologies used to recover carbon and nutrients from wastewater and agriculture. For wastewater, the evidence base consists of 481 articles, showing a predominance of biological processes and a higher focus on energy recovery over nutrient recovery. For agriculture, 338 ecotechnologies were identified, with manure-based systems—particularly anaerobic digestion—being the most prevalent. The report highlights knowledge gaps in nitrogen recovery and the use of extracted nutrients like struvite in agriculture, noting that current policies still prioritise pollution reduction over resource recovery.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The evidence base for wastewater ecotechnologies comprises 481 relevant articles, while the agricultural sector evidence base includes 338 relevant studies describing ecotechnologies for recovering carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the wastewater sector, energy recovery is more extensively researched than nutrient recovery, suggesting that energy-recovery ecotechnologies are potentially more mature. Phosphorus recovery is more common than nitrogen recovery, particularly when chemical processes are employed.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Biological processes are the most frequent ecotechnologies in the wastewater sector, accounting for 38% of the evidence. The most common biological process is anaerobic digestion, which offers potential for energy recovery via biogas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In the agricultural sector, manure-based ecotechnologies are the most prevalent, constituting 54% of the evidence base. Anaerobic digestion/co-digestion is the most frequent technology in this group, followed by technology combinations and struvite crystallization.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Agricultural ecotechnologies focus most heavily on nitrogen recovery (80%), followed by phosphorus (69%), while carbon recovery is less common.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant knowledge gap exists regarding the use of extracted nutrients, such as struvite, in agriculture, as research more frequently focuses on the use of biosolids as fertilizer.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report notes that current environmental and water policies are primarily designed for the reduction of pollution from waste streams rather than the recovery and reuse of nutrients.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002802#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["wastewater treatment","bioenergy","circular economy"],"geography_discussed":["Finland","Sweden","Poland","United States","Belgium","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic map","evidence synthesis","GIS mapping"]}]}