{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["economic risk analysis"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":11,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=economic+risk+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iisd-001472","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-001472","title":"Launching a Loss","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-09","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2025-09/government-support-lng-british-columbia.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds that by 2031, total federal and provincial support for the BC LNG sector will amount to CAD 3.93 billion. This support includes CAD 1.62 billion in federal public finance and CAD 2.16 billion in provincial support through foregone revenue, reduced electricity rates, and enabling infrastructure. The authors argue that these subsidies shift risk from the private sector to the public and undermine British Columbia's climate targets by failing to uphold the polluter pays principle.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Total combined financial support from the federal and provincial governments for the British Columbia LNG sector is projected to reach CAD 3.93 billion by 2031 if current policies remain unchanged.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Federal government support for the sector consists of CAD 1.62 billion in public finance, primarily through Export Development Canada and the Strategic Innovation Fund, and CAD 151.95 million in infrastructure funding.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Government of British Columbia is projected to provide approximately CAD 2.16 billion in support by 2031, delivered via enabling infrastructure, reduced electricity rates, and foregone revenue.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The LNG Canada Phase 1 facility is the primary recipient of support and is on track to receive at least CAD 1.36 billion in public support by the end of 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Carbon tax exemptions represent a significant loss of government revenue, with CAD 655.95 million in potential provincial revenue foregone by 2031, excluding fugitive emissions from pipelines.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public funding for infrastructure includes CAD 1.083 billion, of which CAD 778 million is specifically dedicated to electricity infrastructure required for the LNG sector to meet emission targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Coastal Gaslink pipeline has received CAD 700 million in federal public finance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies a risk that Canadian LNG may become a stranded asset due to a projected global supply glut and the global energy transition, potentially leading to further demands for public subsidies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The LNG industry's reliance on public funds for decarbonization and carbon tax carveouts is described as a failure of the polluter pays principle and threatens BC's legislated emissions targets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-001472#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["liquefied natural gas","fossil fuel subsidy","climate finance","greenhouse gas emissions","carbon tax","Net-zero emissions","electrification","stranded asset","energy transition","methane emissions"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["financial inventory","policy assessment","economic risk analysis"]},{"id":"iisd-000338","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000338","title":"Oil and Gas Expansion in the Colombian Amazon","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-08-19","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/oil-gas-expansion-colombia-amazon","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that the economic and energy security justifications for expanding oil and gas activities in the Colombian Amazon are poorly substantiated. It recommends permanently shelving unassigned blocks, protecting biodiversity, and managing the decline of the fossil fuel industry in areas like Putumayo to align with Colombia's climate commitments and its USD 40 billion climate and nature investment plan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000338#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Continued oil and gas activities in the Colombian Amazon threaten carbon sinks, biodiversity, and the human rights and livelihoods of local communities and Indigenous Peoples, despite the government's 2022 announcement to end new exploration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000338#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The arguments for further fossil fuel expansion based on energy security and economic profitability are not well-supported.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000338#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report proposes a transition strategy including the cancellation of future awarding rounds, the removal of unassigned blocks from the National Hydrocarbon Agency's Mapa de Tierras, and the promotion of green growth sectors such as sustainable agriculture, eco-tourism, and renewables to support a USD 40 billion investment plan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000338#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["fossil-fuel phase-out","biodiversity conservation","carbon sink","renewable energy","sustainable agriculture","ecotourism","climate finance","indigenous rights"],"geography_discussed":["Putumayo Department"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","economic risk analysis"]},{"id":"gem-000234","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000234","title":"LNG 2023: Last year’s energy shock still reverberates, as the world builds towards LNG oversupply","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2023-12","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_LNG_Oversupply_23.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The briefing reports a global pipeline of 917 mtpa in new LNG export capacity and 705 mtpa in import capacity, representing an estimated US$1 trillion investment. It warns that a wave of new projects coming online by the middle of the decade, primarily in the United States and Qatar, could lead to market saturation and unprofitable stranded assets. The report highlights that while Asia and Europe are the primary developers of import capacity, demand in these regions is uncertain due to decarbonization goals and price sensitivity. It further notes that many projects are already facing delays or cancellations, and that the buildout in the U.S. may conflict with national interests by raising domestic gas prices and increasing emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The global pipeline of new LNG projects in development includes 917 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) of export capacity and 705 mtpa of import capacity, with an estimated total investment of US$1 trillion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant supply glut is expected by the middle of the decade, as half of the new export projects under construction are located in Qatar or the United States. This could result in stranded assets, with an estimated US$118 billion in projects failing to recover initial investments if climate goals are met.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia and Europe account for approximately 90% of all new LNG import capacity in development, though demand growth in these regions is questioned due to Europe's decarbonization agenda and price sensitivity in Asia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The United States is the leading developer of new export terminals with 336.9 mtpa, and its capacity could increase by 80% as five new projects come online. However, this buildout is argued to raise domestic gas prices and exacerbate environmental injustice in the Gulf Coast.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Russia maintains the second-largest pipeline of in-development export projects at 164.1 mtpa, despite the EU's goal to eliminate Russian gas imports this decade. Notably, EU imports of Russian LNG increased by 40% in the first seven months of 2023 compared to the previous year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Sub-Saharan Africa, the Coral South FLNG Terminal in Mozambique began operating in late 2022, but other mega-projects in the country remain stalled due to insurgency in Cabo Delgado province.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Australia is implementing policies to ensure domestic gas availability and reduce emissions, including a July law requiring new LNG facilities to be carbon neutral and existing ones to reduce emissions by at least 4.9% annually through 2030.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000234#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["liquefied natural gas","stranded asset","energy transition","methane leak","decarbonization","green hydrogen","climate finance","environmental justice"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Qatar","Asia","Europe","Russia","Mozambique","Australia","People's Republic of China","Brazil","Mexico","Argentina"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","policy review"]},{"id":"gem-000204","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000204","title":"กับดักที่พึงระวังจากโครงการก๊าซในเอเชีย","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"th","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM-Asia-Gas-Report-October-2021_Thai_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document assesses the proliferation of gas power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals across East, South, and Southeast Asia. It contends that these investments, totaling $380 billion, risk becoming stranded assets as renewable energy costs plummet and climate targets necessitate a rapid shift away from fossil fuels. The report highlights the significant carbon budget impact of these projects and the continued role of public finance in supporting gas expansion despite net-zero pledges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000204#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The total lifecycle emissions from proposed Asian gas infrastructure could reach 117 gigatonnes of CO2-equivalent (Gt CO2-eq), which is approximately one-quarter of the global carbon budget required to maintain a 50% chance of limiting warming to 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000204#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public financial institutions continue to support gas projects in Asia; between 2014 and 2018, $22.4 billion in public funding was provided, with the Export-Import Bank of China, Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) as the primary contributors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000204#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["natural gas","liquefied natural gas","gas-fired power station","renewable energy","solar energy","wind power","carbon budget","methane emissions","stranded asset","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Indonesia","Thailand","Japan","South Korea","Bangladesh","Pakistan","Philippines","Myanmar","Taiwan","Europe","Russia","United States"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling"]},{"id":"gem-000205","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000205","title":"Asia’s Gas Lock-In","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"vi","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM-Asia-Gas-Report-October-2021_Vietnamese_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the planned expansion of gas infrastructure in Asia, including power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals, totaling $379 billion. It argues that this expansion risks locking in high greenhouse gas emissions, potentially consuming a quarter of the global carbon budget for a 1.5°C limit. The document highlights that falling costs of renewable energy and high price volatility of LNG make these gas investments economically risky and likely to become stranded assets. It further criticizes the continued support of public financial institutions for gas projects and advocates for a transition to clean energy portfolios.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Asia has planned gas infrastructure investments totaling $379 billion, comprising $189 billion for gas-fired power plants, $54 billion for pipelines, and $136 billion for LNG import/export terminals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed expansion of gas-fired power plants in Asia totals 320 GW, which would nearly double the region's existing gas power capacity and increase global gas power capacity by one-fifth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia is the primary driver of the global LNG market, with new LNG import terminal capacity of 452 million tonnes per year, representing 70% of the world's developing capacity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The full operation of proposed LNG terminals and pipelines in Asia could release 117 giga tonnes of CO2 equivalent (Gt CO2-eq) over their lifespan, which is approximately one-quarter of the global carbon budget required to limit warming to 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gas infrastructure investments face significant economic risks of becoming stranded assets due to the rapidly declining costs of renewable energy and the volatility of LNG prices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public financial institutions have provided substantial funding for Asian gas projects, with $22.4 billion provided between 2014 and 2018, led by the Export-Import Bank of China, the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Renewable energy is presented as a more cost-effective and reliable alternative to gas, with utility-scale solar being the cheapest power source in China and India.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"China is the largest planned investor in gas infrastructure in the region, with $131 billion in planned investments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Vietnam has significant proposed investments in gas infrastructure, though less than 1% of these planned investments have reached the construction phase.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000205#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["natural gas","liquefied natural gas","gas-fired power station","carbon budget","methane emissions","stranded asset","renewable energy","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","energy transition","solar energy","wind power","energy storage"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Vietnam","India","Indonesia","Thailand","Japan","South Korea","Bangladesh","Pakistan","Philippines","Myanmar","United States","Europe","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling","financial tracking"]},{"id":"gem-000225","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000225","title":"2021 Asia’s Gas Lock-In","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_AsiaGas2021_FINAL_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes plans for US$379 billion in new gas infrastructure across Asia, including 320 GW of power plants and 452 mtpa of LNG import capacity. It argues that this expansion would consume a quarter of the global carbon budget for a 1.5°C limit and warns that these assets may become economically unviable due to the falling cost of renewables and LNG price volatility. The author calls for a redirection of public finance away from gas to align with net-zero goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Asia has plans to develop US$379 billion in new gas infrastructure, comprising US$189 billion for gas-fired power plants, US$54 billion for pipelines, and US$136 billion for LNG import and export terminals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed 320 GW of new gas-fired power plants in Asia would nearly double the region's gas power capacity and increase global gas-fired power capacity by one-fifth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia is the primary driver of global LNG expansion, with plans for 452 mtpa of new import terminal capacity, representing 70% of the global capacity currently in development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"If operated at full capacity, the proposed gas pipelines and LNG terminals in Asia could produce 117 gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent over their lifespans, which is 25% of the carbon budget required to maintain a 50% chance of limiting warming to 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"New gas infrastructure faces significant economic risks of becoming stranded assets due to the rapid decline in renewable energy costs and the volatility of global LNG spot prices.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public finance institutions provided US$22.4 billion for gas projects in Asia between 2014 and 2018, with the Export-Import Bank of China, Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and Asian Development Bank being the top financiers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000225#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["gas-fired power station","liquefied natural gas","stranded asset","carbon budget","methane emissions","renewable energy","photovoltaics","wind power","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","energy transition","energy security"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Vietnam","India","Indonesia","Thailand","Japan","South Korea","United States","Bangladesh","Pakistan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling","finance tracking"]},{"id":"gem-000228","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000228","title":"アジアのガス固定化 ガスインフラ拡大案は アジアと世界にとり 割に合わない投資","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"ja","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_AsiaGas2021_r8_Japanese_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report argues that the planned $379 billion investment in Asian gas infrastructure is an economically risky and environmentally damaging strategy that threatens the global goal of limiting warming to 1.5°C. It highlights that the scale of planned LNG import capacity in Asia could absorb more than the entire 2020 global LNG trade volume, potentially locking in high emissions for decades. The document contends that renewable energy portfolios, combined with storage and demand-side management, are now more cost-effective and reliable alternatives to gas, rendering new gas projects likely to become stranded assets. It further criticizes the continued role of public financial institutions in funding these projects, urging a shift toward net-zero aligned investments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000228#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[],"climate_tags":["gas-fired power station","methane emissions","carbon budget","stranded asset","renewable energy","energy security","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","energy transition"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling","financial tracking"]},{"id":"gem-000229","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000229","title":"아시아 지역의 가스 개발 확대에 따른 락인 효과","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"ko","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_AsiaGas2021_r8_Korean_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the expansion of gas power plants, pipelines, and LNG terminals across East, South, and Southeast Asia, totaling $379 billion in planned investments. It argues that this expansion is incompatible with the 1.5°C climate goal, as the resulting emissions could consume 25% of the global carbon budget. The document highlights the economic risk of these projects becoming stranded assets due to the falling cost of renewable energy and the volatility of LNG prices. It concludes that clean energy portfolios, combining renewables with storage and demand management, are more cost-effective and secure alternatives to gas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Asia is planning $379 billion in new gas infrastructure, comprising $1,890 billion for gas-fired power plants, $54 billion for pipelines, and $136 billion for LNG import and export terminals. These investments risk becoming stranded assets as the global economy transitions to clean energy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The scale of gas power expansion in Asia is immense, with 320 GW of capacity under development. This would nearly double the region's gas power capacity and increase global gas power capacity by approximately 20%, matching the combined total of all gas power plants in Europe and Russia.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia is the primary driver of global LNG infrastructure growth, with planned new import terminal capacity of 452 Mtpa, representing 70% of all such facilities under development worldwide. This capacity is sufficient to handle more than the total global LNG trade of 2020.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The full operation of planned LNG terminals and pipelines in Asia could result in 117 Gt CO2-eq emissions over their lifetime, which represents 25% of the global carbon budget required to limit warming to 1.5°C. If 20-year methane emission estimates are used, this figure rises to 144 Gt CO2-eq, or about one-third of the carbon budget.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Renewable energy, particularly when combined with storage and demand management, is now a more cost-effective and reliable alternative to gas. In China and India, utility-scale solar PV is the cheapest source of electricity.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public financial institutions continue to support gas expansion in Asia. Between 2014 and 2018, $22.4 billion in public funds were invested in gas projects, led by the Export-Import Bank of China, the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000229#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["natural gas","liquefied natural gas","gas-fired power station","methane emissions","carbon budget","stranded asset","renewable energy","photovoltaics","wind power","energy storage","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","energy transition","energy security"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Vietnam","India","Indonesia","Thailand","Bangladesh","South Korea","Japan","Philippines","Pakistan","United States","Europe","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling","financial tracking"]},{"id":"gem-000230","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/gem-000230","title":"Lock-in ng Gas sa Asya","publisher":{"name":"Global Energy Monitor","organization":"global-energy-monitor"},"document_type":"report","language":"tl","date_published":"2021-10","source_url":"https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/GEM_AsiaGas2021_r8_Tagalog-1_11.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report identifies a massive planned expansion of gas infrastructure in Asia, totaling US$379 billion, which includes 320 GW of power plants, 63,000 km of pipelines, and 452 mtpa of LNG import capacity. It argues that this expansion would consume approximately one-quarter of the global carbon budget required to limit warming to 1.5°C and warns that these projects are economically risky compared to cheaper renewable alternatives. The document highlights the role of public financing from institutions like the Export-Import Bank of China and the Asian Development Bank in sustaining this growth, while urging a shift toward clean energy portfolios.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Asia has plans to invest US$379 billion in new gas infrastructure, comprising US$189 billion for gas-fired power plants, US$54 billion for pipelines, and US$136 billion for LNG import and export terminals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed 320 GW of gas-fired power plants in Asia would nearly double the region's gas energy capacity and increase global gas power capacity by one-fifth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Asia is the primary driver of the global LNG industry's expansion, with plans for 452 mtpa of new import terminal capacity, representing 70% of the global capacity currently under development.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The total lifecycle emissions from the proposed gas pipelines and terminals in Asia are estimated at 117 Gt CO2-eq, which is one-quarter of the global carbon budget needed to maintain a 50% chance of limiting warming to 1.5°C.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"China leads planned gas investments in the region with US$131 billion, followed by significant proposed investments in Vietnam, Indonesia, India, Thailand, and Bangladesh.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gas infrastructure is increasingly viewed as a financial risk due to the rapid decline in renewable energy costs, which have dropped by over 90% since 2009, potentially turning these projects into stranded assets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public financial institutions provided US$22.4 billion for gas projects in Asia between 2014 and 2018, with the Export-Import Bank of China, Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), and Asian Development Bank (ADB) as the top funders.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Renewable energy is presented as a more viable alternative for Asia, as countries like China, India, Vietnam, and Thailand possess solar and wind resources 10 to 100 times greater than their total energy needs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"gem-000230#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["natural gas","liquefied natural gas","gas-fired power station","carbon budget","methane emissions","stranded asset","renewable energy","photovoltaics","wind power","climate finance","Net-zero emissions","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","Vietnam","Indonesia","India","Thailand","Bangladesh","South Korea","Philippines","Japan","Myanmar","Taiwan","Pakistan","United States","Europe","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["infrastructure assessment","economic risk analysis","emissions modeling"]},{"id":"rmi-000550","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000550","title":"There Is No Business as Usual: Decarbonizing Industry Must Start Now","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-09-08","source_url":"https://rmi.org/resources/there-is-no-business-as-usual-decarbonizing-industry-must-start-now/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report asserts that 'business as usual' is an unsustainable strategy for industrial sectors, as over 40 percent of annual greenhouse gas emissions originate from energy-intensive industries. It warns that failure to reach net-zero emissions by 2050 threatens the global economy with supply chain disruptions and value destruction for major commodities. The author argues that achieving a 1.5°C pathway requires not only technological shifts—such as the adoption of hydrogen and carbon capture—but also a reduction in the demand for materials like steel, cement, and plastic. The text emphasizes that an orderly transition is preferable to disruptive 'black swan' events and notes a shifting balance of market power away from fossil fuel industries toward climate-aligned corporations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Energy-intensive industrial sectors, including mining, steel, cement, petrochemicals, and heavy transport (ships, trucks, and planes), are responsible for more than 40 percent of annual greenhouse gas emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Achieving a 1.5°C warming limit cannot be accomplished through technology alone, even with carbon removal; it will require a reduction in the demand for materials such as plastic, cement, and steel, leading to a peak and subsequent decline in demand for iron ore, coal, steel, natural gas, and oil.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The transition to decarbonized industry will create new commodity markets for hydrogen and carbon capture logistics, while eroding the geopolitical influence currently held by fossil-fuel-rich nations like Russia, China, and those in the Middle East.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Failure to act collectively in the next decade could lead to 'panic mode' for decision makers, potentially halting international negotiations and reversing globalization in favor of national priorities like domestic job creation and supply security.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Financial systems and investors are increasingly integrating climate alignment into lending decisions and capital access, shifting market power away from fossil fuel industries toward climate-aligned companies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000550#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["decarbonization","industrial emission","Net-zero emissions","steel","cement","petrochemical product","heavy transport","hydrogen","carbon capture and storage","climate finance","Paris Agreement","fossil fuel"],"geography_discussed":["United States","People's Republic of China","Middle East","Russia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["strategic assessment","economic risk analysis"]},{"id":"saiia-001787","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/saiia-001787","title":"Can Uganda’s Oil Endowment Support its Economic Development?","publisher":{"name":"South African Institute of International Affairs","organization":"south-african-institute-of-international-affairs"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2010-12-26","source_url":"https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Policy-Briefing-26.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document examines the potential for Uganda's oil wealth to drive economic growth, warning against the 'resource curse' and 'Dutch disease' that could undermine its agricultural sector. While noting progress in transparency legislation, it highlights critical gaps in revenue management and the need for stabilisation funds.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Tullow Oil plc discovered 2.5 billion barrels of oil in the Albertine Graben area of western Uganda. At a price of $74 per barrel, this resource is valued at $148 billion, which could fund Uganda's national budget for 42 years without donor assistance.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Uganda is highly susceptible to 'Dutch disease' because its economy relies heavily on agriculture, which employs over 80% of the workforce. Risks include a 'resource pull' where skilled labour leaves agriculture for higher oil sector wages, and currency appreciation that could contract agricultural exports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The document warns that Uganda must avoid pairing volatile oil revenues with fixed debt obligations to prevent over-indebtedness. This is a historical risk for the country, which in 1991 became the first nation to qualify for the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative after debt exceeded 80% of export revenues.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While the Access to Information Act of 2005 and the 2008 Oil and Gas Policy have improved transparency, implementation remains weak. The 2008 policy is criticised for being vague regarding the role and benefits for local communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The draft Petroleum Exploration, Development, Production and Value Addition Bill from May 2010 contains significant transparency gaps. It fails to establish a centralised fund for receipts, lacks an auditing process for such a fund, and does not provide for the disclosure of industry-wide revenue data.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Uganda lacks clear policies on the creation of petro and stabilisation funds to smooth oil revenues and uncouple public spending from oil price volatility. Fiscal provisions for taxes, royalties, and surface rents remain open-ended, which the author suggests creates opportunities for corruption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"saiia-001787#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["economic diversity","fiscal policy"],"geography_discussed":["Ghana","Nigeria","Angola","Sudan","Norway","Netherlands","Africa"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy assessment","economic risk analysis"]}]}