{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["demand assessment"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'demand assessment' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":3,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=demand+assessment","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"catf-000361","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/catf-000361","title":"Understanding U.S. hydrogen demand through a Gulf Coast lens","publisher":{"name":"Clean Air Task Force","organization":"clean-air-task-force"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":"2026-04-14","source_url":"https://www.catf.us/2026/04/understanding-us-hydrogen-demand-gulf-coast-lens/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Gulf Coast is a primary hub for U.S. hydrogen due to its concentration of petroleum refining and chemical production. With Texas and Louisiana leading in refining and ammonia capacities, the region is well-positioned to transition to clean hydrogen to meet domestic needs and international demand from markets like Japan, South Korea, and the European Union.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The United States produces and consumes between 11-14 million metric tons (MMT) of hydrogen annually, with over 60% of this production occurring in Louisiana, Texas, and California.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Hydrogen demand in the U.S. is highly concentrated, with more than 77% tied to ammonia production, methanol production, and petroleum refining; refining alone represents over half of all consumption.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Gulf Coast is a central hydrogen hub because Texas and Louisiana possess the largest refining capacities in the U.S., and Louisiana ranks first in ammonia production capacity, more than doubling the capacity of Oklahoma.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"International policy-driven demand is emerging for clean hydrogen imports; Japan targets 3 MMT per year by 2030 and 20 MMT by 2050, while South Korea targets 3.9 MMT by 2030 and over 27 MMT by 2050.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"To accelerate clean hydrogen deployment, the document recommends that Gulf states modernize regulatory environments, explore state support mechanisms for infrastructure and demand-side incentives, and streamline permitting processes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-000361#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["oil refining","carbon capture and storage","carbon price","Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism"],"geography_discussed":["World","California","Oklahoma","European Union","Japan","South Korea"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy briefing","demand assessment"]},{"id":"catf-001242","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/catf-001242","title":"U.S. Hydrogen Demand Assessment","publisher":{"name":"Clean Air Task Force","organization":"clean-air-task-force"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2025-12","source_url":"https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/12135537/us-hydrogen-demand-assessment.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The U.S. produces and consumes approximately 14 million metric tons (MMT) of hydrogen annually, with over 90% of demand concentrated in petroleum refining, ammonia, and methanol production. While current production is dominated by steam methane reforming (SMR), the report projects significant demand growth by 2050 from aviation, marine, and on-road transportation, potentially adding 40-50 MMT/yr. The report argues for prioritizing decarbonization in existing industrial corridors, particularly along the Gulf Coast, while preparing for these emerging sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-001242#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The United States produces and consumes approximately 14 million metric tons (MMT) of hydrogen per year, with the vast majority of this demand coming from three heavy industrial sectors: petroleum refining, ammonia, and methanol production.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-001242#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Steam methane reforming (SMR) is the dominant method for dedicated hydrogen production in the U.S., accounting for about 95% of capacity, followed by coal gasification at 4%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"catf-001242#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["decarbonization","oil refining","fuel cell vehicle"],"geography_discussed":["Texas","Louisiana","California","Illinois","Washington","Gulf Coast of the United States","Ohio","North Dakota","Oklahoma","Indiana"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["demand assessment","sectoral analysis","forecasting"]},{"id":"rmi-000963","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/rmi-000963","title":"NORTH CENTRAL ARIZONA WATER DEMAND STUDY Phase I Report","publisher":{"name":"RMI","organization":"rmi"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2002-06","source_url":"https://rmi.org/app/uploads/2017/05/RMI_Document_Repository_Public-Reprts_W02-18_AZWaterDemandStudy.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The North Central Arizona Water Demand Study (Phase I) assesses water demand and supply for 15 non-reservation communities on the Coconino Plateau. In 2000, total demand was approximately 5,842 million gallons, with potable water accounting for 80% and reclaimed wastewater for 16%. The report highlights a significant reliance on groundwater, often from deep and costly wells, and the critical role of wastewater reclamation in communities like Tusayan, where it meets 40% of demand. It identifies a wide disparity in conservation efforts, with Flagstaff having the most extensive program and Page lacking a serious initiative. The document concludes by proposing a Phase II forecasting methodology that uses population projections and water-use models to create baseline, moderate, and aggressive conservation scenarios.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"In 2000, the total water demand for the study area was approximately 5,842.4 million gallons (17,930 acre-feet), consisting of 80% potable demand, 16% reclaimed wastewater, and 4% raw water.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water demand is highly seasonal due to tourism and irrigation, with peak summer demand typically 1.5 to 2.5 times higher than winter demand; this is more extreme in Page (4 times) and Tusayan (3 times).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Groundwater is the primary source for most communities, but drilling is expensive and risky due to extreme depths, reaching over 3,000 feet in Williams, Valle, and Tusayan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Wastewater reclamation is a significant supply source, providing 16% of total regional demand and serving as a primary supply in six communities, most notably Tusayan where it meets 40% of total demand.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rainwater harvesting provides a notable potable supply at the Grand Canyon airport in Tusayan, meeting 6% of the community's total water demand.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Water efficiency and conservation programs vary greatly; Flagstaff has the most extensive program, while Page is noted for not having implemented a serious program despite concerns over future growth.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"High water prices often act as a conservation tool by default due to the high cost of supply, but only Doney Park Water, Flagstaff, and Kachina Village have effective conservation rate structures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors express reservations about the 1999 ADWR water demand estimates, noting they may underestimate 2000 demand by 10% to 24% and lack documented methodology.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The proposed Phase II forecasting methodology will use a 'per account' basis tied to population projections from the Arizona Department of Economic Security (ADES).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Phase II will develop three demand scenarios: Baseline (current efforts), Moderate conservation and alternative supply investment, and Aggressive conservation and alternative supply investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"rmi-000963#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["wastewater treatment","water efficiency","water conservation","rainwater harvesting","drought"],"geography_discussed":["Flagstaff","Page","Williams","Tusayan","Grand Canyon Village","Lake Powell"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["demand assessment","resource evaluation","methodological proposal"]}]}