{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["data gap assessment"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'data gap assessment' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":4,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=data+gap+assessment","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"ember-000051","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ember-000051","title":"Global CMM emissions remain steady despite rising coal production","publisher":{"name":"Ember","organization":"ember"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2026-04-29","source_url":"https://ember-energy.org/chapter/global-cmm-emissions-remain-steady-despite-rising-coal-production/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"Global coal mine methane (CMM) emissions remained broadly steady at 34.7 million tonnes in 2023, despite an 8% increase in global coal production since 2021. This trend undermines the Global Methane Pledge's goal to cut anthropogenic methane emissions by 30% by 2030. Analysis reveals significant data gaps, as six of the nine largest emitters failed to submit official 2023 CMM data to the UNFCCC. Independent estimates from the IEA, GEM, and satellite data often diverge sharply from official figures, particularly in South Africa, Indonesia, and Russia, suggesting widespread underreporting and a reliance on outdated emission factors rather than mine-level measurements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Global coal mine methane (CMM) emissions have not decreased since the 2021 Global Methane Pledge, reaching 34.7 million tonnes in 2023, which is 0.6% higher than in 2021.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global coal production increased by 8% between 2021 and 2023, rising from 8,100 million tonnes to over 8,650 million tonnes, with 88% being thermal coal for power generation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"CMM emissions are highly concentrated, with 94% originating from seven countries: China, the United States, Russia, India, Australia, Poland, and Ukraine. China alone accounted for 76% of global CMM emissions in 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There are severe discrepancies between official UNFCCC data and independent estimates. For example, IEA estimates for South Africa were 2,300% higher than UNFCCC-derived values, and GEM estimates for Indonesia were between 400% and 1,300% higher.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Reported methane emission factors have declined globally by 0.29 tCH4/kt since 2021, but this is attributed to operational shifts—such as moving production to lower-emitting basins in China or expanding surface mining in Australia—rather than targeted abatement.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Data transparency is poor, with six of the nine largest emitters failing to submit official CMM data to the UNFCCC in 2023, hindering the ability to track progress toward 1.5C pathways.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ember-000051#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["methane emissions"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","United States","Russia","India","Australia","Poland","Ukraine","Indonesia","Kazakhstan"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["trend analysis","comparative analysis","data gap assessment"]},{"id":"clipolin-001006","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-001006","title":"Improving Tracking of High-GHG Finance in the Power Sector","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-12","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/1.-Improving-Tracking-of-High-GHG-Finance-in-the-Power-Sector-4.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the tracking of 'high-emissions finance'—defined as primary investment in assets with a material contribution to global GHG emissions—focusing on the power sector in 2017 and 2018. Using project-level datasets, the authors tracked USD 40.8 billion in annual average commitments, representing roughly one-third of the total fossil fuel power investment estimated by the IEA. The analysis reveals that public institutions, particularly export credit agencies and state-owned banks, and private commercial banks are major sources of this finance. Significant data gaps exist because investments made through corporate balance sheets are not captured in project-level data, particularly in Europe and China. The report recommends that public authorities mandate the disclosure of capital expenditures for high-emissions assets and establish technical emission thresholds to deter harmful investments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The report tracked an annual average of USD 40.8 billion in new project finance commitments to fossil fuel power generation for 2017 and 2018, which is approximately one-third of the total investment in this sector worldwide for those years.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public financial institutions provided the majority of tracked commitments, totaling USD 21.7 billion per year. Export credit agencies were the largest single group, providing USD 9.2 billion annually, followed by commercial banks at USD 13.1 billion per year.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Coal-fired generation was the primary recipient of tracked finance, receiving an annual average of USD 23 billion (57% of the total), while gas-fired generation received USD 15.0 billion (37%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"East Asia and Pacific was the most significant region both as a destination for finance (USD 15.8 billion, or 39%) and as a source, providing over two-thirds of tracked commitments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a substantial data gap regarding investments made via corporate balance sheets, which are not captured in project-level datasets. This leads to an underestimation of the role of corporations and state-owned enterprises, particularly in Europe and China.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current sustainable finance taxonomies lack precise thresholds for 'dirty' or harmful investments, focusing instead on climate-positive criteria. The report argues that national regulators should mandate the disclosure of capital expenditures for high-emissions assets and set provisional emission thresholds to deter such investments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001006#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["fossil fuel","private investment","public finance","sustainable finance","Paris Agreement","electric power industry","coal-fired power station","gas-fired power station"],"geography_discussed":["East Asia and Pacific","South Asia","United States","Latin America & the Caribbean","Europe","People's Republic of China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["financial flow analysis","data gap assessment","policy recommendation"]},{"id":"clipolin-001125","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/clipolin-001125","title":"Global Climate Finance: An Updated View on 2013 & 2014 Flows","publisher":{"name":"Climate Policy Initiative","organization":"climate-policy-initiative"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2016-10","source_url":"https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Global-Climate-Finance-An-Updated-View-on-2013-and-2014-Flows.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report updates global climate finance data for 2013 and 2014, finding an annual average of USD 367 billion. It highlights the dominance of renewable energy and domestic investment, while noting a shift where developing countries began receiving more investment than developed countries in 2014. The document also identifies significant data gaps in adaptation and energy efficiency tracking.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Total global climate finance increased by 9% between 2012 and 2014, with flows decreasing by 5% in 2013 and then increasing by 15% in 2014. The updated annual totals are USD 342 billion for 2013 and USD 392 billion for 2014, resulting in an annual average of USD 367 billion.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Renewable energy was the primary sector for climate finance, accounting for over 70% of flows from 2012 to 2014. This was accompanied by a decrease in technology costs, meaning that in 2014, the same level of investment as in 2012 deployed an additional 10 GW of onshore wind and solar PV.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Domestic investment predominated over international flows, making up 74% of all tracked global climate finance in 2013 and 2014. On average, USD 136 billion was invested domestically in developing countries and USD 135 billion domestically in developed countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A shift in investment distribution occurred between 2013 and 2014; while developed countries received approximately 2% more investment than developing countries in 2013, developing countries received over 11% more investment than developed countries in 2014.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public investment in adaptation rose from USD 22 billion in 2012 to USD 27 billion in 2013, remaining at that level in 2014. In 2013 and 2014, an average of 52% of this finance was international and 48% was domestic.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Private commercial finance grew from USD 22 billion in 2012 to an annual average of USD 37 billion for 2013-2014, driven by increased investor confidence in mature renewable energy technologies. Market rate debt from public and private institutions saw a 78% increase from 2012 to 2014.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Public investment in energy efficiency declined from USD 32 billion in 2012 to USD 26 billion in 2014. The report notes that captured figures represent only a small fraction of estimated global needs, which range from USD 90 to 365 billion annually.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"clipolin-001125#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["climate finance","renewable energy","adaptation finace","energy efficiency","climate change mitigation","climate bond","sustainable transport","land use"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["quantitative analysis","trend analysis","data gap assessment"]},{"id":"seforall-000321","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/seforall-000321","title":"IMPROVING ENERGY DATA TO ENHANCE GENDER EQUALITY","publisher":{"name":"Sustainable Energy for All","organization":"sustainable-energy-for-all"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2024-07/report-g%26y-genderdatastudy-002_compressed.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report highlights a critical 'data deficit' in the energy sector, where the lack of sex-disaggregated data reinforces male-oriented policymaking and hinders the achievement of SDG7. It identifies systemic barriers to women's participation in the energy workforce—where they represent only 32% of the renewable energy sector—and the disproportionate impact of energy poverty on women and girls. The document provides a framework for designing gender indicators, emphasizing the need for both supply-side (employment/leadership) and demand-side (consumer preferences/household decision-making) metrics. It concludes with best practices for national policymakers, statistical offices, and international organizations to strengthen data capacity, particularly in low-income countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Women are significantly underrepresented in the energy sector, comprising only 32 percent of the global renewable energy workforce.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The energy sector exhibits a gender gap twice as large as that of the non-energy sector, with women particularly lacking in STEM and technical roles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women face systemic barriers to entry and progression in the energy sector, including gender bias, lack of finance, and legal restrictions in countries such as Belize, Cameroon, Kiribati, and Nigeria that prevent them from working at night in electricity generation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a severe lack of gender-specific data for monitoring Sustainable Development Goals; as of June 2022, an average of only 42 percent of the data needed to monitor gender-specific dimensions of all SDGs was available globally.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Climate and energy research is heavily skewed toward the global north; 90 percent of the 100 most cited climate research publications from 2016–2020 were affiliated with institutions in the global north, while less than 1 percent represented African institutions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The lack of sex-disaggregated data creates a cycle of 'male-orientation' in policymaking, where gender-neutral policies may actually exacerbate existing inequalities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Women's representation in high-level energy decision-making is very low, with only 11 percent of ministerial positions for energy, natural resources, and mining held by women across 190 countries as of January 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report proposes a dual-approach to gender indicators, distinguishing between supply-side indicators (e.g., employment statistics and career progression) and demand-side indicators (e.g., consumer preferences and household financial decision-making).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Funding for gender data saw a 50 percent drop in 2020, despite an overall increase in funding for gender equality, highlighting a disconnect in resource allocation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"seforall-000321#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["gender equality","energy poverty","clean cooking","energy transition"],"geography_discussed":["Belize","Cameroon","Kiribati","Nigeria","Madagascar","Canada","Iceland","Philippines","Tanzania","Uganda","Rwanda"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","data gap assessment","framework development"]}]}