{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["comparative survey analysis"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'comparative survey analysis' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=comparative+survey+analysis","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"sei-002579","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002579","title":"Sanitation Policy and Practice in Rwanda: Tackling the Disconnect","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2013","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-PolicyBrief-SanitationPolicyAndPracticeInRwandaTacklingTheDisconnect-2013.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document identifies a significant gap between Rwanda's ambitious national sanitation policies, such as Vision 2020, and the reality of toilet construction and usage in rural areas. Field research in the Burera district reveals that most facilities do not meet government hygiene standards due to socio-economic factors, lack of technical support, and ineffective information transfer. The brief argues that current monitoring methods overstate progress by focusing on the presence of technology rather than its functional use, and recommends a function-based monitoring approach alongside improved community coordination and financial schemes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Field research in the Burera district shows that toilets generally fail to meet government hygiene and sanitary requirements regarding design, maintenance, health and safety, and hand-washing arrangements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The disconnect between policy and practice is driven by local priorities favoring other investments (such as livestock or education), ineffective transfer of information regarding productive sanitation, and insufficient technical support and inspection for urine diverting dry toilets (UDDTs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A survey of 194 households in Burera district found that only about 3% had hand-washing facilities near the toilet, and some households using UDDTs were incorrectly using water to flush faeces or had detached urine compartments.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"National and international statistics likely overestimate sanitation progress because they focus on technology-based monitoring (the presence of a facility) rather than function-based monitoring (whether the facility is used and maintained correctly).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While Rwanda aims for 100% household sanitation coverage by 2020 under Vision 2020, MININFRA reports that only 8% of the rural population actually has clean toilets that meet hygiene and sanitation standards.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Microcredit and voluntary savings schemes can effectively support sanitation; for example, World Vision Rwanda generated approximately USD 45,000 to support 160 toilets, 300 hand-washing facilities, and 400 kitchen gardens.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002579#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sanitation","water-supply management","environmental health","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Burera District","Rugarama"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","field research","comparative survey analysis"]}]}