{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["chronology"]},"warnings":[{"code":"facet_value_not_in_vocabulary","message":"Value 'chronology' for facet 'analysis_type' is not in the controlled vocabulary."}]},"total":{"value":3,"relation":"eq"},"page":1,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=chronology","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"iisd-003475","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-003475","title":"TABLEAU CHRONOLOGIQUE DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLE","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"fr","date_published":"2010-01","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/sd_timeline_2009_fr.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) traces the evolution of the sustainable development movement. It highlights a progression from early environmental warnings, such as Rachel Carson's 1962 book, through the establishment of major international frameworks like the 1992 Rio Earth Summit and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, to contemporary challenges including the 2008 global financial and food crises and the 2009 Copenhagen climate negotiations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The concept of sustainable development was popularized by the 1987 Brundtland Report, 'Our Common Future', which linked social, economic, cultural, and environmental issues with global solutions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro was a pivotal event where parties agreed upon Action 21, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Rio Declaration, and non-binding forest principles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Kyoto Protocol entered into force in 2005, creating binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for developed countries and a clean development mechanism for developing nations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The Stern Review (2006) argued that the economic cost of inaction regarding climate change could be up to 20 times higher than the cost of implementing necessary measures today.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"By 2008, the concepts of a 'green economy' and 'low-carbon economy' became mainstream, with national governments investing in environmental measures as part of their economic momentum.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In 2009, the G20 committed to the gradual elimination of fossil fuel subsidies, which experts estimated could reach 500 billion dollars annually, or 1% of global GDP.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 2000 Millennium Development Goals established a time-bound, measurable set of targets to be achieved by 2015 to combat poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation, and discrimination against women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003475#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable development","climate change","greenhouse gas emissions","green economy","biodiversity","fossil fuel subsidy","environmental policy","deforestation","desertification"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Canada","United Kingdom","Senegal","India","Kenya","Brazil","People's Republic of China","Nigeria"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["chronology"]},{"id":"iisd-003473","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-003473","title":"Tableau chronologique du développement durable","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"fact sheet","language":"fr","date_published":"2002","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/sd_timeline2002_fr.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This fact sheet traces the evolution of sustainable development from the 1960s to 2002. It highlights a progression from early environmental warnings, such as Rachel Carson's 1962 work, to the establishment of major international frameworks like the 1987 Brundtland Report and the 1992 Rio Earth Summit. The timeline documents the rise of environmental NGOs, the creation of UN agencies like UNEP, and the development of climate-specific agreements including the Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol. It also notes the intersection of sustainability with social issues, such as poverty eradication, human rights, and gender equality, culminating in the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The 1960s and 70s saw the emergence of foundational environmental warnings and the creation of influential NGOs and laws, including the 1962 publication of 'Silent Spring' and the 1969 US National Environmental Policy Act.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 1970s marked the beginning of formal international environmental governance, notably with the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm, which led to the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 1987 Brundtland Report, 'Our Common Future', is credited with popularizing the term 'sustainable development' by linking social, economic, cultural, and environmental issues.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro resulted in several critical international agreements, including the Convention on Biological Diversity, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Rio Declaration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Global efforts to address atmospheric threats evolved from the 1987 Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which set greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for developed countries.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"By the late 1990s and early 2000s, the sustainability discourse expanded to include the impacts of globalization, trade, and urban growth, as seen in the 1995 establishment of the WTO and the 2000 observation that nearly half the world's population lived in cities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-003473#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable development","climate change","biodiversity","greenhouse gas emissions","environmental policy","deforestation","desertification","urbanization"],"geography_discussed":["United States","Canada","Sweden","India","Kenya","France","Ethiopia","Brazil","Kuwait","Costa Rica","Nigeria","Denmark","People's Republic of China","Bolivia","Bangladesh","Qatar","South Africa"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["chronology"]},{"id":"cer-001253","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/cer-001253","title":"Chronology of PASA PAIA request","publisher":{"name":"Centre for Environmental Rights","organization":"centre-for-environmental-rights"},"document_type":"briefing","language":"en","date_published":null,"source_url":"https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/PASA-PAIA-Chronology.pdf?x21779","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"This briefing provides a detailed chronology of a Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) request submitted by the Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) to the Petroleum Agency for South Africa (PASA), documenting a process of delays and incomplete disclosures from September 2022 to August 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001253#summary","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) initiated a PAIA request to the Petroleum Agency for South Africa (PASA) on 28 September 2022, which led to the partial delivery of records via Dropbox on 14 November 2022. These records included applications, one production right, and exploration rights, but omitted environmental authorisations (EAs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001253#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"PASA repeatedly delayed the provision of environmental authorisations (EAs), citing a lack of capacity to copy records on 13 December 2022 and claiming the documents were paper-based on 31 January 2023. PASA further delayed access by stating it was moving offices on 26 January 2023, suggesting collection be ready from 1 March 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001253#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-08-17"},{"text":"Despite a meeting on 22 June 2023 where PASA apologised for delays and promised to provide electronic copies of EAs for rights ER270 1 A, ER271 1 A, and ER 272, as well as identification of rights without EAs, CER reported that no documents had been received as of 25 August 2023.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"cer-001253#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-08-17"}],"climate_tags":["energy transition"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["chronology"]}]}