{"query_echo":{"q":"","filters":{"analysis_type":["Systematic Review"]},"warnings":[]},"total":{"value":69,"relation":"eq"},"page":3,"page_size":20,"self":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=Systematic+Review&page=3","next":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/api/v1/search?analysis_type=Systematic+Review&page=4","stability":"beta","ai_marking":{"digital_source_type":{"uri":"http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/digitalsourcetype/trainedAlgorithmicMedia","name":"Created using Generative AI"},"notice":"Summary and key insights are generated using artificial intelligence."},"results":[{"id":"napglob-000246","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000246","title":"Gender-Responsive National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Processes: Progress and promising examples","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2022","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/napgn-en-2022-gender-nap-synthesis-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report finds increasing references to gender equality and responsiveness in NAP documents, with a growing recognition of women as agents of change rather than just vulnerable groups. It highlights progress in institutional arrangements, capacity building, and monitoring and evaluation, while providing practical examples from countries like Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, and Suriname to illustrate the implementation of gender-responsive adaptation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a measurable increase in the framing of gender issues within NAP documents. Over half of the reviewed documents now reference gender equality, and 29% refer to gender responsiveness, a significant increase from the 2018 review where no documents mentioned the latter.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While approximately 75% of NAP documents still position women primarily as a vulnerable group, there is a growing trend of recognizing women as active agents of change. About half of all NAPs now acknowledge that women's lived experiences and unique knowledge can improve adaptation outcomes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender analysis is increasingly used to inform adaptation planning, with 71% of NAP documents showing evidence that such analysis influenced the document's framing or the planning for its implementation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Institutional arrangements for adaptation are becoming more inclusive of gender-focused government bodies. Nearly half of recently submitted documents include the ministry or department responsible for gender equality, either in coordination mechanisms or as agencies responsible for specific actions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Capacity building for gender and climate change is receiving significantly more attention in recent NAP documents. Nearly two-thirds of new documents include references to capacity-building activities for government actors, and some include training for women and marginalized groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integration of gender into monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is increasing, with just under half of NAPs reporting that their M&E systems will include gender considerations, such as the collection of gender-disaggregated data and tracking the participation of women's groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"More than half of the reviewed NAP documents include references to sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), covering topics such as maternal health, pregnancy, and gender-based violence.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000246#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","gender equality","climate change adaptation","intersectionality","climate finance","capacity building"],"geography_discussed":["Central African Republic","Chad","Ghana","Kenya","Ivory Coast","Marshall Islands","Dominican Republic","Suriname","Nepal","Armenia","Timor-Leste","Tonga","South Sudan","Liberia","South Africa","Cambodia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","case study"]},{"id":"napglob-000341","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000341","title":"Procesos del Plan Nacional de Adaptación (PNAD) con perspectiva de género: Avances y ejemplos prometedores","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"report","language":"es","date_published":"2022","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/napgn-es-2022-plan-nacional-adaptacion-perspectiva-genero-informe-sintesis.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates the integration of gender perspectives in National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) globally, noting a shift from viewing women solely as vulnerable groups to recognizing them as agents of change. It highlights improvements in the use of gender analysis, institutional coordination involving gender ministries, and the development of gender-specific capacities. Practical examples from countries like Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Suriname illustrate the application of visual storytelling, formal inter-ministerial agreements, and gender-disaggregated monitoring systems to ensure equitable climate resilience.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a growing trend in NAP documents to move beyond portraying women only as vulnerable, with approximately half of all NAPs now recognizing women as \"agentes de cambio en los procesos de planificación de la adaptación\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The framing of gender issues in NAP documents has evolved; more than half now include the concept of gender equality, and 29% specifically refer to a \"enfoque receptivo a género\", a figure that was 0% in the 2018 review.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender analysis is increasingly used as a foundation for adaptation planning, with 71% of reviewed NAP documents showing evidence that such analysis informed the document or the implementation of the plan.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Institutional arrangements are becoming more inclusive, with nearly half of recently submitted documents mentioning the ministry or department responsible for gender equality as part of the NAP's institutional framework.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Capacity building for gender and climate change is receiving more attention, with nearly two-thirds of recent NAP documents referencing such activities, compared to very few in previous synthesis reports.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integration of gender into monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is increasing, with just under half of reviewed NAPs indicating they will use gender-disaggregated data and specific indicators to ensure equitable benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"More than half of the analyzed NAP documents include references to sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), including issues such as gender-based violence and maternal health.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Specific country examples demonstrate innovative tools for gender integration: Ghana and Kenya used \"narración visual\" to amplify women's voices, while Côte d'Ivoire signed a formal memorandum of understanding between the ministries of environment and women.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In Suriname, gender considerations have been integrated into the monitoring, evaluation, and learning framework of the water resources sector adaptation plan, including indicators on gender balance in decision-making structures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000341#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","gender equality","climate change adaptation","intersectionality","climate finance","capacity building"],"geography_discussed":["Nepal","Armenia","Timor-Leste","Tonga","South Sudan","Liberia","South Africa","Cambodia","Central African Republic","Chad","Ghana","Kenya","Ivory Coast","Dominican Republic","Marshall Islands","Suriname"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","case study analysis"]},{"id":"napglob-000381","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000381","title":"Les processus des plans nationaux d’adaptation (PNA) qui répondent aux questions de genre : progrès réalisés et exemples prometteurs","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":"2022","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/napgn-fr-2022-gender-nap-synthesis-report.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates the integration of gender considerations in National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) globally, noting an increase in the use of gender-responsive language, gender analysis, and the inclusion of gender ministries in institutional frameworks. It highlights specific progress in capacity building and monitoring and evaluation (M&E), while providing case studies from countries like the Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Côte d'Ivoire, Dominican Republic, Marshall Islands, and Suriname to illustrate best practices in gender-responsive climate adaptation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"There is a growing trend of countries using gender-responsive terminology in their NAP documents. Over half of the analyzed documents now reference gender equality, and 29% specifically mention 'gender-responsive' approaches, a significant increase from 2018 when no documents used the term.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While approximately 75% of NAPs still frame women primarily as a vulnerable group, there is a rising recognition of women as active agents of change. About half of all NAPs now acknowledge that including women's lived experiences can improve adaptation planning outcomes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender analysis is increasingly used to inform adaptation planning, with 71% of NAP documents showing evidence that such analysis influenced the document's formulation or identified the need for gender integration during implementation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Institutional arrangements for adaptation are becoming more inclusive of gender-focused government bodies. Nearly half of recently submitted documents mention the ministry or department responsible for gender equality, either as part of coordination mechanisms or as leads for specific adaptation measures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Capacity building for the gender-climate nexus has seen a marked increase, with nearly two-thirds of recent NAP documents referencing such activities for government officials, implementing agencies, or marginalized groups.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integration of gender into monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is increasing, with nearly half of analyzed NAPs indicating they will use gender-disaggregated data and specific indicators to ensure equitable distribution of adaptation benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Over half of the analyzed NAP documents now include references to sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), including issues such as gender-based violence, maternal health, and HIV/AIDS.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Practical examples demonstrate diverse methods for gender integration: the Central African Republic used gender analysis to identify barriers like land ownership; Chad analyzed knowledge and attitudes to address sociocultural resistance; and Ghana and Kenya used visual storytelling to amplify the voices of women in policy dialogues.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Institutional collaboration has been formalized in Côte d'Ivoire through a first-of-its-kind memorandum of understanding between the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Women, focusing on data management, policy integration, and M&E.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Suriname has integrated gender considerations into a Sectoral Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan (SASAP) for water resources, utilizing specific indicators to track gender balance in decision-making structures.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000381#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","gender equality","climate change adaptation","intersectionality","climate finance","capacity building"],"geography_discussed":["Central African Republic","Chad","Ghana","Kenya","Ivory Coast","Dominican Republic","Marshall Islands","Suriname","Nepal","Armenia","Timor-Leste","Tonga","South Sudan","Liberia","South Africa","Cambodia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["synthesis report","systematic review","case study"]},{"id":"sei-000690","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000690","title":"systematic global stocktake adaptation","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2021-10-29","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/systematic-global-stocktake-adaptation","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document reports on a comprehensive global stocktake of human adaptation to climate change, utilizing machine learning and a network of 126 researchers to screen over 48,000 articles. The analysis reveals that documented adaptations are primarily fragmented, local, and incremental, with very little evidence of transformational adaptation or outcomes that effectively reduced risk. The authors conclude by identifying eight priorities to improve global adaptation research.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000690#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The stocktake, derived from a synthesis of 1,682 articles, indicates that documented climate adaptations are mostly local, incremental, and fragmented, showing minimal evidence of transformational adaptation or risk-reducing outcomes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000690#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The research methodology involved screening more than 48,000 articles through the use of machine learning and a global network consisting of 126 researchers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000690#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","global stocktake"]},{"id":"iisd-000918","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-000918","title":"Opportunities for Strengthening Resilience by Integrating Climate and Disaster Risk Finance and Insurance (CDRFI) in National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Processes","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-08-16","source_url":"https://www.iisd.org/publications/climate-disaster-risk-finance-insurance-nap-processes","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the integration of climate and disaster risk finance and insurance (CDRFI) within National Adaptation Plan (NAP) processes, drawing on a systematic review of NAP documents and Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness proposals. It argues that incorporating CDRFI into NAPs can enhance financial security against shocks and provide a framework for scaling up these financial tools to support climate adaptation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000918#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Climate and disaster risk finance and insurance (CDRFI) solutions are critical for climate adaptation because they protect the financial security of governments, businesses, and individuals during shocks and offer incentives for better risk management.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000918#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integrating CDRFI solutions into National Adaptation Plan (NAP) processes increases awareness of these tools and creates a foundation for scaling them up effectively as NAPs guide future adaptation investments from international, private, and domestic sources.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-000918#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","climate change adaptation","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review"]},{"id":"napglob-000407","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000407","title":"Oportunidades para reforzar la resiliencia mediante la integración de financiación y seguros contra riesgos climáticos y desastres naturales (CDRFI por sus siglas en inglés) en los procesos del Plan Nacional de Adaptación (PNAD)","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"es","date_published":"2021-07","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/napgn-igp-es-2021-integrating-cdfri-in-nap-processes.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report analyzes the integration of climate and disaster risk financing and insurance (CDRFI) within National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), finding that while insurance is widely recognized—particularly in agriculture—there are significant opportunities to improve risk modeling, social protection, and cross-sectoral dialogue between finance ministries and private providers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Climate and disaster risk costs are frequently used as drivers for adaptation, though the data is primarily retrospective. Approximately 48% of examined NAP documents and 42% of Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness proposals reference costs from previous climate-related natural disasters in their context sections.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong link between adaptation and disaster risk management (DRM) in national planning. Over 80% of NAP documents identify specific DRM-related actions, and more than 70% list DRM (or DRR) as a priority sector or adaptation strategy.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurance is the most common CDRFI solution mentioned in NAPs, appearing in 90% of documents, with 81% including it as a priority or adaptation measure. These solutions are most heavily concentrated in the agriculture, livestock, and fisheries sectors, which were the focus for 58% of the 19 countries that included insurance in their adaptation plans.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While insurance is prominent, other resilience tools are less frequent: one-third of analyzed NAPs explicitly mention social protection as a means to increase resilience for vulnerable groups. Additionally, 76% of countries identify the improvement of data generation, management, and analysis as a priority action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report identifies a lack of systematic use of risk modeling and probabilistic analysis to evaluate climate vulnerabilities and set adaptation priorities, recommending closer collaboration between adaptation agents and insurance companies to address this gap.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000407#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","disaster risk reduction","climate finance"],"geography_discussed":["Sri Lanka","Suriname","Ethiopia","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","Paraguay","Fiji","Saint Lucia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review"]},{"id":"napglob-000408","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/napglob-000408","title":"Possibilités de renforcer la résilience en intégrant le financement et l’assurance des risques climatiques et de catastrophes (CDRFI) dans les Plans nationaux d’adaptation (PNA)","publisher":{"name":"NAP Global Network","organization":"nap-global-network"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"fr","date_published":"2021-07","source_url":"https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/napgn-igp-fr-2021-integrating-cdfri-in-nap-processes.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The analysis reveals that while many countries link adaptation to disaster risk management and prioritize insurance—particularly for agriculture—there is a need for better risk analysis, adaptive social protection, and stronger dialogue between finance ministries and private CDRFI providers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000408#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A significant portion of National Adaptation Plan (NAP) documents and Green Climate Fund (GCF) preparatory activity proposals use historical disaster costs to justify adaptation efforts, though these references are primarily retrospective. Specifically, 48% of studied NAP documents and 42% of GCF proposals refer to climate-related disaster costs in their context sections.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000408#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a strong connection between adaptation and disaster risk management (DRM) in national planning. DRM is identified as a priority adaptation sector or strategy in over 70% of analyzed NAP documents and is linked to specific measures in more than 80% of them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000408#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Insurance is the most prevalent CDRFI solution mentioned in NAP documents, appearing in 90% of them and listed as a priority or adaptation action in 81%. It is most frequently applied to the livestock, agriculture, and fisheries sectors; of the 19 countries including insurance in their plans, 58% focused on these specific sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000408#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Other financial and data-driven resilience tools are utilized to varying degrees: 33% of analyzed NAPs explicitly reference social protection as a means to strengthen resilience for vulnerable groups, and 76% of countries identify the improvement of data production, management, and analysis as a priority measure.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"napglob-000408#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["national adaptation plan","disaster risk reduction","climate finance","agriculture","livestock"],"geography_discussed":["Sri Lanka","Suriname","Ethiopia","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","Paraguay","Fiji","Saint Lucia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["policy analysis","systematic review"]},{"id":"prio-001263","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001263","title":"Survey instruments and survey data on migration aspirations","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-02-26","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/54bef147-b8b5-4e11-83b1-3d9e36e24943/Carling-and-Mjelva-2021-Survey-instruments-and-survey-data-on-migration-aspirations.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report presents a comprehensive inventory of 212 surveys and 276 core questions focused on migration aspirations, defined as the mental constructs including desires, intentions, plans, and expectations for migration. It analyzes these instruments through a framework that distinguishes between the nature and timeframe of the mindset and the action. The findings reveal a geographic concentration of research in Europe and Central Asia, a high prevalence of surveys targeting students and health workers, and a general lack of data availability, with only 25% of datasets reported as available. The authors conclude with 21 recommendations to improve the quality, translatability, and reporting of migration aspiration surveys.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"The authors compiled a systematic inventory of 212 surveys and a question bank containing 276 core questions specifically addressing migration aspirations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Geographic coverage of the surveyed data is heavily skewed toward Europe and Central Asia, which account for 50% of all surveys.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The most common survey populations are the general population (54%), followed by students (19%), migrant populations (8%), and health workers (6%).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Data availability for these surveys is low, with only 25% of the datasets reported as available via download or request.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors developed an analytical framework to deconstruct survey questions into components: the nature and timeframe of the mindset, and the nature and timeframe of the action.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The nature of the mindset in migration surveys is categorized into eight types: consideration, preference, willingness, necessity, planning, intention, expectation, and likelihood.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A significant majority of survey questions (83%) focus on the act of leaving, while only 8% focus on staying and 6% are balanced between the two.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Approximately 16% of the core questions include explicit conditionality, such as hypothetical scenarios involving the provision of legal documents.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The report recommends using multiple complementary questions to measure aspirations, specifically prioritizing consideration, preference, and expectation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors advise caution regarding questions about 'intention' or 'planning' because they often blur the distinction between the desirability and the feasibility of migration.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001263#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Europe and Central Asia","United States","Mexico","People's Republic of China"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","methodological framework","data inventory"]},{"id":"prio-001404","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/prio-001404","title":"Systematic review of determinants of migration aspirations","publisher":{"name":"Peace Research Institute Oslo","organization":"peace-research-institute-oslo"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2021-01-29","source_url":"https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/c3fa5331-105a-4f5a-b6e4-04145deee849/Full text PDF 4MB.pdf?inline=true","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report synthesizes findings from 49 peer-reviewed articles and 72 distinct analyses to determine what factors drive individuals to aspire to migrate. It employs a two-step model distinguishing between the formation of aspirations and their conversion into actual migration. The review identifies 32 determinants across demographic, socio-economic, individual, contextual, and migration-related domains. Key findings indicate that migration aspirations are most strongly and consistently driven by youth, male gender, the presence of migration networks, a history of international travel, and exposure to violence or insecurity. Conversely, aspirations are consistently lowered by increasing age, higher subjective well-being, and strong social attachment to the community of origin. The document also notes a significant research gap in the 'conversion' phase—how aspirations translate into actual movement—due to the logistical challenges of longitudinal panel data collection.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Age is one of the most consistent determinants of migration aspirations, with younger individuals being significantly more likely to aspire to international moves, particularly among adults and young adults.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Gender norms strongly influence aspirations, with men generally being more likely to aspire to migrate, often driven by roles as household providers or rites of passage into manhood.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Marital status typically has a negative effect on migration aspirations, as single individuals are overwhelmingly more likely to want to migrate than those who are married or cohabiting.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Higher educational attainment is generally associated with a higher likelihood of migration aspirations, although the causal direction remains ambiguous.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Subjective well-being and life satisfaction are strong negative predictors of migration aspirations; individuals who are happier or more satisfied with life are less likely to want to leave.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Contextual factors at the country or community level, specifically violence, insecurity, and corruption, consistently increase migration aspirations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social attachment, national pride, and community cohesion act as deterrents to migration, generally reducing the likelihood of aspiring to move.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Migration-related factors, including existing migration networks, personal or family migration history, and the receipt of remittances, overwhelmingly increase the likelihood of migration aspirations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Positive perceptions of potential destination countries, particularly regarding economic opportunities and living conditions, generally raise migration aspirations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant lack of research on the 'conversion' of aspirations into actual migration, but available data suggests that while aspirations are a robust predictor of movement, many aspiring migrants never actually migrate due to obstacles or changes in mind.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"prio-001404#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["governance"],"geography_discussed":["Europe","Central Asia","Latin America","Caribbean","Middle East","North Africa","sub-Saharan Africa","East Asia","Kyrgyzstan","Mexico","Burkina Faso","Eritrea","India","The Gambia","Romania","Senegal","Morocco","Egypt","Lebanon","Tunisia","Turkey","Kosovo"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","quantitative analysis","qualitative synthesis"]},{"id":"sei-002183","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002183","title":"REDUCING EMISSIONS TO THE BALTIC SEA BY TURNING NUTRIENTS AND CARBON INTO BENEFITS","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020-12","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/bonus-return-final-report-dec-2020.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report details the results of the BONUS RETURN project, which identified and evaluated ecotechnologies for recovering nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon from wastewater and agriculture in the Baltic Sea Region. While agricultural waste recovery often showed positive net present value, wastewater technologies typically required expensive infrastructure, leading to negative net present values. The project emphasizes that transitioning to a circular nutrient economy requires shifting away from linear 'silo' thinking, harmonizing EU regulations for phosphorus, and adjusting fertilizer pricing to account for environmental externalities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Phosphorus levels in the Baltic Sea continue to rise due to runoff from the drainage basin and internal loading from anaerobic sediments, driving annual cyanobacterial blooms that import approximately 370,000 tons of nitrogen per year via atmospheric fixation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project identified 25 recovery and reuse solutions in agriculture and 28 in the wastewater sector relevant to the Baltic Sea Region. Mature technologies include struvite crystallization and ammonia stripping, while promising new ones include in situ adsorption of dissolved phosphorus and biocoal production from sludge.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cost-benefit analyses across three catchment areas indicate that ecotechnologies for circulating nutrients from agricultural wastes can have a positive Net Present Value (NPV), whereas wastewater management ecotechnologies generally show negative NPVs due to high infrastructure costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"SWAT model simulations showed that while selected ecotechnologies provided co-benefits like bio-based fertilizer and energy, they were less effective at reducing nutrient loads than traditional hotspot-targeted Best Management Practices. For example, nutrient extraction in the Slupia River reduced nitrogen and phosphorus by 6-7%.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The economic viability of recovered nutrients is hindered by the low market price of conventional chemical fertilizers, which do not account for environmental externalities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a significant regulatory gap in the EU regarding phosphorus; while nitrogen reuse is regulated by the Nitrates Directive, no such harmonized norm exists for phosphorus, which is currently managed by fragmented national directives.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The reuse of sewage sludge on agricultural land in Sweden is a highly polarized issue, with perceived risks regarding microplastics, PFAS, and other contaminants often outweighing the perceived benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Linear and 'silo' thinking in governance and management impedes the transition to a circular economy, as wastewater systems are traditionally designed for waste removal rather than resource recovery.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002183#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["wastewater treatment","biochar","biogas","circular economy","greenhouse gas emissions"],"geography_discussed":["Sweden","Finland","Poland","Denmark","Fyris","Vantaa River"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","multi-criteria analysis","cost-benefit analysis","environmental modelling","stakeholder engagement"]},{"id":"sei-002722","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002722","title":"Rights-based claims and extractive industries in Asia: an assessment and ways forward","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2020-03","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sei-wp-2020-rights-extractive-industries-wp-march-asia-strambo.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The paper identifies three main categories of rights-based claims: environmental justice, Indigenous rights and land claims, and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) rights. It finds that claimants often use multi-scalar strategies, combining domestic litigation with mass protests and international advocacy. While some claims lead to the suspension of extractive activities or improved corporate engagement, others are met with state oppression or violence. The study highlights the critical role of civil society organizations (CSOs) as enablers and the importance of framing strategies to maximize available resources.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Rights-based claims in the extractive sector of South and Southeast Asia generally fall into three overlapping categories: environmental justice (e.g., rights to clean water and health), Indigenous rights and land claims (e.g., ancestral domain and self-determination), and the right to engage in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The principle of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a central theme in Indigenous rights claims, particularly in the Philippines where it is codified in the Indigenous Peoples Rights’ Act of 1997 (IPRA). However, the document notes that FPIC is often used by the state to provide \"false assurances of good governance\" without proper consultation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Rights claimants typically employ simultaneous, multi-scalar strategies. These include domestic legal activism and public interest litigation combined with mass actions such as protests, blockades, and the use of media to garner national and international support.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Several factors impede the making of rights-based claims, including limited technical and legal knowledge, poverty, geographical isolation, and governance settings that privilege large-scale mining over ASM. In some regions, Indigenous rights activists are stigmatized as being associated with \"leftist organizations\" or \"rebels\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Civil society organizations (CSOs) and NGOs act as primary enablers by providing technical advice, financial support, and communication guidance. However, conflicts of interest can arise when NGO organizational agendas or donor-driven results-based accountability clash with the needs of local communities.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Outcomes of rights-based claims vary from the recognition of new rights and the suspension of extractive activities to oppressive state responses. While some companies move toward more participatory approaches, these can remain \"tokenistic\". In extreme cases, responses include the murder of human rights activists.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002722#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["extractive industry","mining","environmental justice","indigenous rights","land tenure","Free, Prior and Informed Consent","human rights","Sustainable Development Goals"],"geography_discussed":["India","Philippines","Myanmar","Cambodia","Thailand","Indonesia"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["literature review","systematic review","narrative synthesis"]},{"id":"ucs-000782","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/ucs-000782","title":"In Support of Sustainable Eating","publisher":{"name":"Union of Concerned Scientists","organization":"union-of-concerned-scientists"},"document_type":"policy brief","language":"en","date_published":"2020-02","source_url":"https://www.ucs.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/in-support-of-sustainable-eating_0.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) asserts that current US dietary advice fails to support long-term environmental sustainability. A systematic review of 22 studies published between 2015 and 2019 indicates that the 'Healthy U.S.-Style' diet may not reduce, and could even increase, heat-trapping emissions, energy use, and water use compared to the average US diet. The brief highlights that diets higher in plant-based foods and lower in animal-based foods—specifically those with less meat and dairy—offer greater benefits for both human health and the environment. It also emphasizes that sustainable diets must address social and economic inequalities, noting that marginalized populations and food system workers face disproportionate health hazards and economic disparities. The document recommends that the scientific advisory committee for the 2020-2025 guidelines address sustainability, that Congress support its inclusion, and that funding be increased for interdisciplinary research on healthy, sustainable diets.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A systematic review of 22 studies published between July 2015 and September 2019 suggests that the 'Healthy U.S.-Style' diet recommended by the Dietary Guidelines may not be more sustainable than the current average US diet, potentially resulting in similar or higher water use, energy use, and heat-trapping emissions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Research indicates that dietary patterns emphasizing plant-based foods (such as nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) and reducing animal-based foods—particularly meat and dairy—provide superior benefits for both the environment and human health.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The US government has historically excluded sustainability from its dietary guidelines due to political pressure and lobbying from the meat industry, which spent over $77 million in 2014 and 2015 to influence Congress on these issues.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"True dietary sustainability must encompass social and economic justice, as the current US food system perpetuates disparities where communities of color and food system workers experience higher rates of poverty, occupational hazards, and diet-related diseases.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Poor dietary patterns in the US have significant economic and health costs, with an estimated 18 percent of nationwide deaths attributable to dietary factors and the total cost of poor diets estimated at $50 billion annually.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"ucs-000782#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["greenhouse gas emissions","food security","climate change mitigation","biodiversity loss","land use","climate justice"],"geography_discussed":["Canada","Germany","Netherlands","Sweden"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","policy analysis"]},{"id":"capeca-000263","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/capeca-000263","title":"Une transition fracturée : CHANGEMENTS CLIMATIQUES, SANTÉ ET FRACTURATION HYDRAULIQUE","publisher":{"name":"Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment","organization":"canadian-association-of-physicians-for-the-environment"},"document_type":"report","language":"fr","date_published":"2020-01","source_url":"https://cape.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CAPE-Fracking-Report-FR.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the risks associated with unconventional oil and gas extraction (PGNC), specifically hydraulic fracturing. It details significant health concerns, including adverse birth outcomes, asthma exacerbation, and potential links to childhood leukemia. Environmental risks identified include water contamination, air pollution (specifically benzene and ozone precursors), and induced seismicity. The document highlights the disproportionate impact on Indigenous populations and argues that methane leaks undermine the role of natural gas as a transition fuel, calling for a moratorium on new projects and a strategic phase-out to meet Paris Agreement goals.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"capeca-000263#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Hydraulic fracturing involves injecting large volumes of water, sand, and chemicals at high pressure to release oil or gas from low-permeability reservoirs. In Canada, approximately 71% of natural gas produced in 2018 was unconventional.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"capeca-000263#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The chemicals used in fracturing fluids often have unknown toxicity; some are known or suspected carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, or toxic to reproduction and development. A study of 1,021 chemicals found that 75% lacked toxicity information.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"capeca-000263#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["hydraulic fracturing","methane emissions","greenhouse gas","climate change","energy transition","carbon neutrality","Paris Agreement","renewable energy","air pollution","water pollution","environmental health","climate justice","indigenous rights"],"geography_discussed":["United States","British Columbia","Alberta","Saskatchewan","Pennsylvania","Colorado","Texas","Wyoming"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","policy assessment","health impact assessment"]},{"id":"iisd-002637","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/iisd-002637","title":"Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger","publisher":{"name":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","organization":"international-institute-for-sustainable-development"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2020","source_url":"https://ceres2030.iisd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ceres2030-nature-portfolio-.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The Ceres2030 project identifies a funding gap of USD 33 billion per year to achieve SDG 2 targets, with USD 14 billion coming from donors and USD 19 billion from recipient countries. The report emphasizes that most existing agricultural research ignores the needs of smallholders, who represent over 80% of the world's farms. Key recommendations include investing in extension services, climate-resilient crops, social protection, and supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the value chain. The project utilizes a complex general equilibrium model and machine-learning-assisted evidence synthesis to identify a portfolio of 14 policy instruments across three categories: empowering the excluded, on-farm interventions, and food on the move.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"To end hunger and double the incomes of small-scale producers in low- and middle-income countries by 2030, an additional USD 33 billion per year is needed, consisting of USD 14 billion from donors and USD 19 billion from the countries themselves through increased taxation.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The current body of agricultural research is largely irrelevant to smallholder farmers; more than 95% of assessed studies were not relevant to the needs of smallholders and their families, and less than 2% of the available evidence base is pertinent to the questions donors typically investigate, such as intervention costs.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small-scale producers represent over 80% of the world's farms, and those with less than 2 hectares produce between 30% and 34% of the global food supply.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The adoption of climate-resilient crops is most strongly determined by the availability and effectiveness of extension services, followed by the education level of the household head and access to inputs like seeds and fertilizers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Membership in farmers' organizations is associated with positive income effects in 57% of reviewed cases, primarily by strengthening producers' market power.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the value chain, particularly in Africa, are correlated with higher technology adoption and productivity among small-scale producers by providing complementary services such as credit, training, and market links.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Post-harvest loss reduction is dominated by storage technology research, with 83% of studies focusing on this area, while there is a critical lack of evidence on training, finance, policy, and infrastructure interventions.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Social protection programs are most effective when they create a bridge to productive employment and remove barriers to accessing markets, education, and credit.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"In water-scarce regions of low- and middle-income countries, less than 37.2% of small-scale farms are irrigated, compared to 43.2% of non-small-scale farms.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project's economic model indicates that the additional public spending of USD 33 billion per year will prevent 490 million people from experiencing hunger and double the incomes of 545 million producers and their families on average.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"iisd-002637#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["sustainable agriculture","climate finance","greenhouse gas emissions","water scarcity","agroforestry","smallholder","social protection","Paris Agreement"],"geography_discussed":["Africa","South Asia","India","Ethiopia","Kenya","Uganda","Ghana","Tanzania","Burkina Faso"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["economic modelling","evidence synthesis","scoping review","systematic review","machine learning"]},{"id":"sei-002801","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002801","title":"Systematic review report(s) with meta-analysis of eco technology effectiveness","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2019-12-31","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/systematic.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report evaluates two ecotechnologies for nutrient recovery from anaerobic digestate: struvite precipitation and ammonia stripping. Findings indicate that struvite precipitation is highly effective, particularly around pH 9.5 and with a magnesium-to-limiting-reactant ratio up to 4:1. Struvite is found to be a suitable phosphorus fertiliser for various crops, often yielding results comparable to mineral fertilisers. Ammonia stripping is also identified as effective, though the evidence base is too heterogeneous for quantitative synthesis. The review highlights a need for more field-scale and long-term validation of these technologies, especially within the Baltic Sea Region.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Struvite precipitation effectiveness is significantly influenced by pH and the magnesium (Mg) to limiting reactant ratio, with a non-linear response to pH that peaks around pH 9.5.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Increasing the Mg to limiting reactant ratio positively affects nutrient removal, with efficiencies reaching nearly 100% at a 4:1 ratio, although high efficiencies are also achieved at a 1:1 ratio.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Struvite is an effective phosphorus fertiliser for a wide range of crops, including cereals and grasses, typically producing yields and phosphorus uptake comparable to conventional mineral P fertilisers.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Ammonia stripping is an effective technique for nitrogen recovery, but the available evidence is too heterogeneous and the dataset too small to determine the specific influence of process parameters on outcomes.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The evidence base for ammonium sulphate as a fertiliser is extremely limited, consisting of only one valid study, which found it to be an effective addition to urea for spring wheat and sugar beet in the USA.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Current research on struvite as a fertiliser is heavily biased toward small-scale pot experiments, with a critical lack of long-term, field-scale validation and data on soil phosphorus content.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002801#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["circular economy","wastewater treatment"],"geography_discussed":["People's Republic of China","United States","Germany","Finland","Sweden","Poland"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","meta-analysis","narrative synthesis"]},{"id":"newclim-000197","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/newclim-000197","title":"Guiding questions for the global stocktake under the Paris Agreement","publisher":{"name":"NewClimate Institute","organization":"newclimate-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2019-11-29","source_url":"http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/guiding-questions-for-the-global-stocktake-under-the-paris-agreement","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The document identifies critical knowledge gaps in the official Global Stocktake (GST) process, particularly regarding the definitions of equitable implementation, Paris-consistent financial flows, and adequate adaptation responses. It recommends that an independent Global Stocktake (iGST) focus on synthesizing existing data, fostering a common understanding of these ill-defined concepts, and providing forward-looking, country-specific recommendations to raise climate ambition.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000197#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"While current trends in emissions, implied temperature increases by 2100, and country activities regarding finance, adaptation, and mitigation are adequately covered by existing knowledge, a majority of other relevant questions remain unanswered.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000197#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Significant uncertainties exist regarding the definition of a 1.5°C compatible world and specific implementation recommendations for national governments, as well as the definition of an \"adequate adaptation response\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000197#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a lack of common understanding concerning what constitutes Paris-consistent financial flows and what an equitable implementation of finance, adaptation, and mitigation would look like.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000197#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors recommend that an independent Global Stocktake (iGST) prioritize synthesizing existing information, building common understanding on missing fundamental issues, and focusing on forward-looking options to raise ambition through country-specific recommendations.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"newclim-000197#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["Paris Agreement","Global stocktake","Nationally Determined Contributions","climate change mitigation","climate change adaptation","climate finance","climate justice","loss and damage","1.5 degree Celsius climate target"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review"]},{"id":"bc3res-000189","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/bc3res-000189","title":"Revisión sistemática de los efectos del paso a un ordeño al día en pequeños rumiantes","publisher":{"name":"Basque Centre for Climate Change","organization":"basque-centre-for-climate-change"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"es","date_published":"2019-11","source_url":"https://www.bc3research.org/h6T8Uy8Nm4gFs0O/201911110952581933681552.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The review examines the impact of once-daily milking (1X) compared to twice-daily milking (2X) in goats and sheep. It finds a general reduction in milk production, though the magnitude varies by breed and lactation stage. While milk composition shows a slight trend toward increased protein and stable fat, animal health and welfare generally remain unaffected. The document also explores the potential for labor and energy savings, as well as the effects of omitting occasional milkings (12-13 times per week).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Transitioning to once-daily milking (1X) generally reduces milk production, with an average decrease of 22% for sheep and 17% for goats, although the latter figure is lower if African pygmy goats are excluded.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The impact on milk composition is not fully consensus-based, but long-term trends suggest that fat percentages tend to remain stable while protein percentages tend to increase slightly (averaging 4% in goats and 2% in sheep).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Animal health and welfare are not negatively impacted by once-daily milking; no significant effects on udder health, inflammation, or behavioral distress (such as agitation or bleating) were observed in sheep or goats.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The degree of production loss depends on the breed and the animal's productivity; highly productive animals generally experience a less intense loss in production. For example, Lacaune sheep adapt well to 1X, while Greek Karagouniko sheep adapt poorly.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Implementing once-daily milking after the peak of lactation can minimize production losses, and it is recommended to allow the udder to develop fully for the first seven days before transitioning.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Reducing feed intake alongside milking frequency can further decrease milk production, as both factors act through different mechanisms: hormone emission/milk accumulation and nutrient availability.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Once-daily milking can lead to cost savings in labor, water, and energy. Energy savings are estimated at 31% to 35% compared to twice-daily milking, primarily due to reduced tank cooling and washing requirements.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Omitting one or two milkings per week (12-13 milkings total) provides greater labor flexibility. While production drops on the day of omission, it typically increases the following day due to accumulation and returns to normal levels by the fourth or fifth day.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The effects on cheese production are minimal, though some changes in appearance and texture were noted in Rocamadour goat cheese, which remained within the protected designation of origin (DOP) ranges.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-9","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"There is a lack of experimental studies specifically on the Latxa breed, making the generalisation of these findings to the Latxa sector uncertain.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"bc3res-000189#insight-10","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":["Spain","Canary Islands","New Zealand","France"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review"]},{"id":"sei-002785","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002785","title":"State of the art report on economic models in BSR","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"report","language":"en","date_published":"2018-12-17","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/state-of-the-art-report-on-economic-models-in-bsr.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","geography_discussed","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The report examines the economic feasibility of ecotechnologies, specifically those focused on phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) recovery in wastewater and agriculture. It identifies a prevalence of private-cost analyses over social-cost assessments and notes that most recovery technologies are not currently market-competitive without subsidies or the inclusion of social externalities. The document outlines the application of Techno-Economic Assessments (TEA), Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), concluding that the social perspective significantly improves the perceived economic efficiency of these technologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"Economic feasibility is the primary decision criterion for implementing ecotechnologies, but it is interpreted differently by private investors (private benefits vs. costs) and decision-makers (social benefits vs. costs).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Most economic literature on ecotechnologies focuses on private costs and directly observable cash flows, with a significant lack of studies incorporating social and non-market benefits.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Phosphorus recovery technologies are generally not profitable because the market value of recovered P products is typically lower than the cost of recovery, especially when competing with large-scale mined phosphate rock.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"While many recovery technologies are not market-competitive, indirect private benefits, such as reduced maintenance costs from avoiding struvite precipitation in pipes and valves, can improve economic feasibility.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is the most frequently applied model, but there is no standardized consensus on which impacts to include or how to conduct them.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The economic efficiency of biogas and fertilizer production from manure is highly dependent on context-specific variables, including manure quantity, transportation distance, dry content, and price.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-6","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Integrating a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant into wastewater treatment systems can reduce overall operational costs by 21% to 30%, despite requiring additional capital investment.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-7","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Including social benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and eutrophication, increases the relative economic validity and perceived efficiency of recovery and reuse technologies.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002785#insight-8","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["circular economy","biogas","greenhouse gas emissions","wastewater treatment"],"geography_discussed":["Poland","Finland","Sweden","Spain","Estonia","Italy","Austria","United Kingdom","Belgium","Germany","Netherlands"],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","economic assessment"]},{"id":"sei-002027","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-002027","title":"Publishable Summary of First Periodic Report 2017-2018","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"executive summary","language":"en","date_published":"2018-10-03","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/yearly-report-publishable-summary2017-2018.pdf","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","climate_tags","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The BONUS RETURN project focuses on the implementation of eco-technologies in three river basins: Vantaanjoki (Finland), Słupia (Poland), and Fyrisån (Sweden). During its first year, the project established a broad definition of 'eco-technologies' as \"human interventions in social- ecological systems in the form of practices and/or biological, physical, and chemical processes designed to minimise harm to the environment and provide services of value to society.\" Key activities included a systematic review of 77 articles to define the term, a search of nearly 35,000 records to identify existing technologies in agriculture and wastewater treatment, and the establishment of stakeholder platforms in the three catchment areas. Additionally, the project launched the 'Nutrients and Carbon Reuse Challenge', attracting 15 European applicants and selecting three winning innovations for pre-commercialization planning. Technical work included collecting data for SWAT modelling to establish baseline phosphorus (Ptot) and nitrogen (Ntot) loadings in the case study areas.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A systematic review of 77 articles on carbon and nutrients revealed a lack of consensus on the meaning of 'ecotechnology', with nearly half of the articles using the term as a \"buzzword (i.e. in titles, abstracts or keywords only)\".","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The project established a working definition of eco-technologies as \"human interventions in social- ecological systems in the form of practices and/or biological, physical, and chemical processes designed to minimise harm to the environment and provide services of value to society.\"","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"A comprehensive search of nearly 35,000 scientific and grey literature records resulted in a shortlist of approximately 500 articles regarding eco-technologies used in the wastewater treatment and agriculture sectors.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The 'Nutrients and Carbon Reuse Challenge' innovation competition attracted 15 applicants from various European countries and identified three winning innovations for which the project will develop pre-commercialization plans.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#insight-4","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Baseline conditions for total nitrogen (Ntot) and total phosphorus (Ptot) loadings were established for the three case study catchment areas using SWAT modelling data, including meteorological data, land and soil maps, and digital elevation (DEM).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-002027#insight-5","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":["carbon sequestration","wastewater treatment","agriculture","water quality"],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","multi-criteria analysis","environmental modelling"]},{"id":"sei-000621","url":"https://climateinsightsdirectory.org/document/sei-000621","title":"Ecotechnology used in research literature: a systematic review and synthesis","publisher":{"name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","organization":"stockholm-environment-institute"},"document_type":"research paper","language":"en","date_published":"2018-09-18","source_url":"https://www.sei.org/publications/ecotechnology-used-research-literature-systematic-review-synthesis/","generator":"Climate Insights Directory","generated_fields":["summary","key_insights","analysis_type"],"summary":{"text":"The authors conducted a systematic review of 1,221 articles across nine bibliographic databases to define \"ecotechnology,\" identifying 657 unique articles. Analysis of 77 articles focused on carbon and nutrients revealed that nearly half used the term as a buzzword. From 49 explicit definitions, the authors identified 38 themes, which were clustered into nine groups covering nature-society integration, societal and environmental benefits, profitability, hard technology (equipment), and soft technology (behaviours).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000621#summary","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},"key_insights":[{"text":"A systematic review of nine bibliographic databases identified 1,221 articles using the term \"ecotechnology,\" resulting in 657 unique articles.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000621#insight-1","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"Among 77 articles concerning carbon and nutrients that provided definitions, nearly 50% utilized \"ecotechnology\" as a buzzword.","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000621#insight-2","date_modified":"2026-10-23"},{"text":"The authors derived a conceptual framework from 49 explicit definitions, identifying 38 themes clustered into nine categories: combining processes/integrating nature and society; good for society; good for nature; profitability/efficiency; making nature work for society; making society work for nature; improving processes/learning from the environment; components, equipment, machinery (hard technology); and processes and behaviours (soft technology).","ai_generated":true,"unit":"sei-000621#insight-3","date_modified":"2026-10-23"}],"climate_tags":[],"geography_discussed":[],"frame_perspective":[],"analysis_type":["systematic review","thematic synthesis"]}]}